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The Hainanese Transliteration Scheme (Chinese: 海南かいなん話ばなし拼音方案ほうあん) is a romanization scheme developed by the Guangdong Provincial Education Department in September 1960 as one of four systems collectively referred to as Guangdong Romanization. The scheme describes the Wenchang dialect spoken in Wenchang, Hainan which is considered to be the prestige dialect of Hainanese. At the time of the scheme's creation, Hainan was part of Guangdong, until it was separated to form its own province in 1988. This system utilises the Latin alphabet with superscript numbers to represent tone.

System[edit]

Letters[edit]

This system uses the Latin alphabet, excluding the letters ⟨c⟩, ⟨f⟩, ⟨j⟩, ⟨k⟩, ⟨q⟩, ⟨r⟩, ⟨t⟩, ⟨w⟩ and ⟨x⟩.

Initials[edit]

Letter	Example	IPA
b	波なみ	[ʔb]/[ɓ]
p	坡	[pʰ]/[ɸ]
m	摩ま	[m]
v	无	[v]/[b]
d	装そう	[t]
dd	刀かたな	[ʔd]/[ɗ]
n	挪	[n]
l	罗	[l]
g	哥	[k]
ng	俄にわか	[ŋ]
h	可か	[x]
hh	号ごう	[h]
z	支ささえ	[ts]
s	妻つま	[s]
y	余よ	[z]

Finals[edit]

	i [i] 医い	u [u] 呜
a [a] 亚	ia [ia] 也	ua [ua] 换
o [o] 哦	io [iɔ] 喲
e [ɛ] 下した		ue [ue] 话
ai [ai] 哀あい		uai [uai] 坏
oi [ɔi] 鞋		ui [ui] 貴とうと
ao [au] 凹	iao [iau] 妖
ou [ɔu] 歐おう	iu [iu] 柚ゆず
am [am] 暗くら	iam [iam] 厌
	im [im] 音おと
an [an] 安やす		uan [uan] 弯
	in [in] 烟けむり	un [un] 温あつし
ang [aŋ] 红	iang [iaŋ] 央ひさし	uang [uaŋ] 汪ひろし
eng [eŋ] 英えい
ong [ɔŋ] 翁おう	iong [iɔŋ] (匈)
ab [ap] 盒	iab [iap] (协)
	ib [ip] 邑
ad [at] 遏		uad [uat] 挖
	id [it] 乙おつ	ud [ut] 核かく
ag [ak] (鹤)	iag [iak] (菊きく)	uag [uak] (廓くるわ)
eg [ek] 益えき
og [ok] 喔	iog [iok] 育いく

Tones[edit]

Tone number	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Example	诗 di¹	时 di²	死し di³	四よん di⁴	是これ di⁵	视 di⁶	失しつ did⁷	实 did⁸

References[edit]

Liang, Yougang 梁はり猷刚 (1988). Hǎinán yīn zìdiǎn: Pǔtōnghuà duìzhào 海南かいなん音おん字典じてん: 普通ふつう话对照あきら (in Chinese). Guangdong renmin chubanshe. pp. 455–456. ISBN 7-218-00195-5.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{refimprove|date=January 2019}}
+{{more citations needed|date=January 2019}}
 {{RCL}}
-The '''Hainanese Transliteration Scheme''' ({{zh|t=海南かいなん話ばなし拼音方案ほうあん}}) refers to a romanization scheme published by the [[Guangdong]] Provincial Education Department in September 1960 as one of four systems collectively referred to as [[Guangdong Romanization]]. The scheme describes the [[Wenchang dialect]] spoken in [[Wenchang]], [[Hainan]] which is considered to be the [[Prestige (sociolinguistics)|prestige dialect]] of [[Hainanese]]. At the time of the scheme's creation, Hainan was part of [[Guangdong]], until it was separated to form its own province in 1988. This system utilises the [[Latin alphabet]] with superscript numbers to represent [[Tone (linguistics)|tone]].
+The '''Hainanese Transliteration Scheme''' ({{zh|t=海南かいなん話ばなし拼音方案ほうあん}}) is a romanization scheme developed by the [[Guangdong]] Provincial Education Department in September 1960 as one of four systems collectively referred to as [[Guangdong Romanization]]. The scheme describes the [[Wenchang dialect]] spoken in [[Wenchang]], [[Hainan]] which is considered to be the [[Prestige (sociolinguistics)|prestige dialect]] of [[Hainanese]]. At the time of the scheme's creation, Hainan was part of [[Guangdong]], until it was separated to form its own province in 1988. This system utilises the [[Latin alphabet]] with superscript numbers to represent [[Tone (linguistics)|tone]].
 ==System==
@@ Line 9: / Line 8: @@
 ===Initials===
-{| class="wikitable"
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
+!Letter
-|<center>'''Letter'''</center>
-|<center>'''Example'''</center>
+!Example
-|<center>'''[[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]'''</center>
+![[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]
 |-
-|<center>'''b'''</center>
+| '''b'''
+| 波なみ
-|<center>波なみ</center>
-|<center>[ʔb]/[ɓ]</center>
+| [ʔb]/[ɓ]
 |-
-|<center>'''p'''</center>
+| '''p'''
+| 坡
-|<center>坡</center>
-|<center>[pʰ]/[ɸ]</center>
+| [pʰ]/[ɸ]
 |-
-|<center>'''m'''</center>
+| '''m'''
+| 摩ま
-|<center>摩ま</center>
+| [m]
-|<center>[m]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''v'''</center>
+| '''v'''
+| 无
-|<center>无</center>
-|<center>[v]/[b]</center>
+| [v]/[b]
 |-
-|<center>'''d'''</center>
+| '''d'''
+| 装そう
-|<center>装そう</center>
+| [t]
-|<center>[t]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''dd'''</center>
+| '''dd'''
+| 刀かたな
-|<center>刀かたな</center>
-|<center>[ʔd]/[ɗ]</center>
+| [ʔd]/[ɗ]
 |-
-|<center>'''n'''</center>
+| '''n'''
+| 挪
-|<center>挪</center>
+| [n]
-|<center>[n]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''l'''</center>
+| '''l'''
+| 罗
-|<center>罗</center>
+| [l]
-|<center>[l]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''g'''</center>
+| '''g'''
+| 哥
-|<center>哥</center>
+| [k]
-|<center>[k]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''ng'''</center>
+| '''ng'''
+| 俄にわか
-|<center>俄にわか</center>
-|<center>[ŋ]</center>
+| [ŋ]
 |-
-| <center>'''h'''</center>
+| '''h'''
-| <center>可か</center>
+| 可か
-| <center>[x]</center>
+| [x]
 |-
-|<center>'''hh'''</center>
+| '''hh'''
+| 号ごう
-|<center>号ごう</center>
+| [h]
-|<center>[h]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''z'''</center>
+| '''z'''
+| 支ささえ
-|<center>支ささえ</center>
-|<center>[ts]</center>
+| [ts]
 |-
-|<center>'''s'''</center>
+| '''s'''
+| 妻つま
-|<center>妻つま</center>
+| [s]
-|<center>[s]</center>
 |-
-|<center>'''y'''</center>
+| '''y'''
+| 余よ
-|<center>余あまり</center>
+| [z]
-|<center>[z]</center>
 |-
 |}
@@ Line 83: / Line 82: @@
 |a [a] 亚||ia [ia] 也||ua [ua] 换
 |-
 |o [o] 哦||io [iɔ] 喲||
 |-
 |e [ɛ] 下した|| ||ue [ue] 话
@@ Line 107: / Line 106: @@
 |eng [eŋ] 英えい|| ||
 |-
-|ong [ɔŋ] 翁おう||iong [iɔŋ] (匈)||
+|ong [ɔŋ] 翁おう||iong [iɔŋ] ({{lang|zh|匈}})||
 |-
-|ab [ap] 盒||iab [iap] (协)||
+|ab [ap] 盒||iab [iap] ({{lang|zh|协}})||
 |-
 | ||ib [ip] 邑||
 |-
 |ad [at] 遏|| ||uad [uat] 挖
@@ Line 117: / Line 116: @@
 | ||id [it] 乙おつ||ud [ut] 核かく
 |-
-|ag [ak] (鹤)||iag [iak] (菊きく)||uag [uak] (廓くるわ)
+|ag [ak] ({{lang|zh|鹤}})||iag [iak] ({{lang|zh|菊きく}})||uag [uak] ({{lang|zh|廓くるわ}})
 |-
 |eg [ek] 益えき|| ||
 |-
 |og [ok] 喔||iog [iok] 育いく||
 |-
 |}
@@ Line 130: / Line 129: @@
 |[[Tone number]]||1||2||3||4||5||6||7||8
 |-
-|Example||诗<br>''di<sup>1</sup>''||时<br>''di<sup>2</sup>''||死し<br>''di<sup>3</sup>'' ||四よん<br>''di<sup>4</sup>''||是ぜ<br>''di<sup>5</sup>''||视<br>''di<sup>6</sup>''||失しつ<br>''did<sup>7</sup>''||实<br>''did<sup>8</sup>''
+|Example||诗<br>''di<sup>1</sup>''||时<br>''di<sup>2</sup>''||死し<br>''di<sup>3</sup>''||四よん<br>''di<sup>4</sup>''||是ぜ<br>''di<sup>5</sup>''||视<br>''di<sup>6</sup>''||失しつ<br>''did<sup>7</sup>''||实<br>''did<sup>8</sup>''
 |}
@@ Line 139: / Line 138: @@
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
-#梁りょう猷刚。海南かいなん音おん字典じてん。广东人民じんみん出版しゅっぱん社しゃ，1988年ねん11月，455-456页。{{ISBN|7-218-00195-5}}/Z•11。
+{{refbegin}}
-[[Category: Hainan Min]]
+* {{Cite book |last=Liang |first=Yougang |author-mask=Liang, Yougang 梁はり猷刚 |title=Hǎinán yīn zìdiǎn: Pǔtōnghuà duìzhào |date=1988 |publisher=Guangdong renmin chubanshe |isbn=7-218-00195-5 |pages=455–456 |language=zh |script-title=zh:海南かいなん音おん字典じてん: 普通ふつう话对照あきら}}
-[[Category: Latin-script orthographies]]
+{{refend}}
-[[Category: Romanization of Chinese]]
+[[Category:Hainan Min]]
+[[Category:Latin-script orthographies]]
+[[Category:Romanization of Chinese]]