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: ''Donburi'' is also used to refer to something “rough, approximate, not finely worked”, as in the phrase {{m|ja| |
: ''Donburi'' is also used to refer to something “rough, approximate, not finely worked”, as in the phrase {{m|ja| |
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The kanji spelling shows {{m|mul| |
The kanji spelling shows {{m|mul| |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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Latest revision as of 21:56, 24 May 2024
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 81, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 101
- Dae Jaweon: page 164, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 45, character 1
- Unihan data for U+4E3C
Chinese
[edit]
Glyph origin
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
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|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǎn
- Wade–Giles: tan3
- Yale: dǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daan
- Palladius: дань (danʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dam2
- Yale: dám
- Cantonese Pinyin: dam2
- Guangdong Romanization: dem2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tôm
- Tâi-lô: tôm
- Phofsit Daibuun: doom
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔm²³/
- IPA (Taipei): /tɔm²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: dom6 / dong6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tŏm / tŏng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tom³⁵/, /toŋ³⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: tomX
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kl'oːmʔ/
Definitions
[edit]- (onomatopoeia, obsolete) sound of tossing something into a well.
- a surname.
Etymology 2
[edit]| For pronunciation and definitions of (This character is a variant form of |
Etymology 3
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
||
|---|---|---|
Borrowed from Japanese
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǎn
- Wade–Giles: tan3
- Yale: dǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daan
- Palladius: дань (danʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dong
- Wade–Giles: tung1
- Yale: dūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dong
- Palladius: дун (dun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dòng
- Wade–Giles: tung4
- Yale: dùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: donq
- Palladius: дун (dun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dong1
- Yale: dōng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dong1
- Guangdong Romanization: dong1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɔːŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tung
- Hakka Romanization System: dung
- Hagfa Pinyim: dung4
- Sinological IPA: /tuŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
Definitions
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しょう (shō)←しやう (syau, historical); とん (ton)
- Kan-on: せい (sei); たん (tan)
- Kun: どん (don,
丼 , Jōyō †); どんぶり (donburi,丼 , Jōyō)
Etymology 1
[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| どんぶり Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Multiple possible derivations.
- During the Edo period, restaurants specializing in large portions were called
慳貪 屋 (kendon'ya), from慳貪 (kendon, “greedy”, in reference to “very hungry”) +屋 (ya, “house, store, restaurant”). The serving bowls were called慳貪 振 り鉢 (kendon-buri-bachi), literally “greedy” + “in that fashion” + “bowl”. The ken portion was elided, producing donburi-bachi, and then the -hachi was dropped to produce donburi. - Alternatively, and perhaps more likely, donburi in reference to “a bowl filled with large amount of food” may be cognate with どんぶり (donburi), an onomatopoeia of something heavy plunking into deep water, or something big and soft plopping down, related to onomatopoeia どぶり (doburi), どぶん (dobun), どんぶ (donbu), and どん (don), all of generally similar meanings. The food starts with a large portion of rice, also referred to as
丼 飯 (donburi meshi), which could be analyzed as “plopped-down rice”.
- Donburi is also used to refer to something “rough, approximate, not finely worked”, as in the phrase
丼勘定 (donburi kanjō, “rough approximation, loose estimate”). This is consistent with a derivation from the onomatopoeia, but not from the restaurant terms.
The kanji spelling shows
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a simple large bowl for serving food
- a one-bowl meal served in a donburi bowl, consisting of a large portion of rice, covered in a meat or fish
Usage notes
[edit]To disambiguate, speakers may refer more specifically to donburibachi for the bowl, and donburi mono for the food.
English-language sources often refer to the food as similar to stew served over rice. Note, however, that stews consist of meat, fish, and/or vegetables cooked in a liquid and served with the sauce, whereas donburi toppings may be relatively dry, as in tempura donburi or beef donburi, or even uncooked, as in tekkadon (tuna sashimi donburi).
Synonyms
[edit]Synonyms
Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
丼 勘定 (donburi kanjō):丼 鉢 (donburibachi): a simple large bowl for serving food丼 飯 (donburi meshi): a large helping of rice served in a donburi bowl丼 物 (donburi mono): a one-bowl meal consisting of a large portion of rice, covered in a meat or fish
Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| どん Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
Abbreviation of donburi above.[4][1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- When used as a suffix, the resulting term has a
平板 型 (heiban-gata, “flat type”) or type 0 pitch accent pattern.
Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]Seldom used as an independent noun. More commonly encountered as a suffix.
Suffix
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
鰻 丼 (unadon): eel donburi親 子 丼 (oyakodon): literally “parent and child donburi”: chicken and egg donburi, salmon and salmon roe donburi牛 丼 (gyūdon): beef donburi- カツ
丼 (katsudon): tonkatsu donburi - カレー
丼 (karēdon): curry donburi 中 華 丼 (chūkadon): Chinese-style donburi鉄 火 丼 (tekkadon): tuna sashimi donburi天 丼 (tendon): tempura donburi豚 丼 (butadon): pork donburi
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997),
新 明解 国語 辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN - ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988)
国語 大 辞典 （新装 版 ） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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- Japanese kanji with goon reading とん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せい
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading たん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading どん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading どんぶり
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丼 read as どんぶり - Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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丼 read as どん - Japanese suffixes
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