任にん

See also: 仟 and 件けん

任にん U+4EFB, 任 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EFB ← 仺 [U+4EFA] CJK Unified Ideographs 仼 → [U+4EFC]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

任にん (Kangxi radical 9, 人ひと+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人ひと竹ちく土ど (OHG), four-corner 2221₄, composition ⿰亻壬みずのえ)

Derived characters

• 𠲏, 姙, 𢂧, 㤛, 拰, 㳝, 𤞘, 栣, 𭴞, 𭹆, 𥆂, 𥙛, 秹, 袵おくみ, 絍(𫟃), 𦣨, 䛘(𬣯), 𫏊, 𨠲, 銋, 餁
• 𨿂, 𪀼, 𠲉, 荏, 䇮, 𫕤, 𤶄, 凭もたれ, 𡜟, 𫶭, 恁, 栠, 𤇲, 㶵, 𠄶, 𬓧, 䋕, 𦚮, 𧙨, 賃ちん(赁), 𨉃, 䣸, 𨿃, 𩷀, 鵀(𬸊)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 94, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 416
• Dae Jaweon: page 200, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 122, character 6
• Unihan data for U+4EFB

Chinese

trad.		任にん
simp. #		任にん

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 任にん
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Bronze inscriptions b12353 b12354 Small seal script s05801 Transcribed ancient scripts L33730 L33731 L12273 L12274 L12275 L12276 L12277 L12278 L12279
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (壬みずのえ) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
紝	*nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms
鵀	*nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms
拰	*nɯmʔ
賃ちん	*nɯms
任にん	*njɯm, *njɯms
壬みずのえ	*l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm
恁	*njɯm, *njɯmʔ
銋	*njɯm, *njɯmʔ
荏	*njɯmʔ
餁	*njɯmʔ
栠	*njɯmʔ
袵おくみ	*njɯmʔ
飪	*njɯmʔ
妊にん	*njɯms
衽おくみ	*njɯms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *njɯm, *njɯms) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 壬みずのえ (OC *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm) – to carry on a shoulder pole.

Note that its phonetic part 壬みずのえ (OC *njɯm) may be the graphical representation of 任にん, depicting a shoulder pole rotated by 90 degrees.

Etymology

Cognate with 妊にん (OC *njɯms, “pregnant”) and Tibetan སྣོམ་པ (snom pa, “to take; seize; hold”). May also be cognate with Proto-Kam-Sui *ȵam¹ (“to hold”) and Old Khmer nāṃ (“to carry”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

任にん

1. to carry on a shoulder pole; to carry
2. to bear; to endure; to put up with
3. to take charge of; to assume the post of; to be in charge of
4. to trust to; to rely on; to believe; to guarantee
5. to appoint; to assign someone to a post
6. to indulge; to be self-indulgent; to allow
   • 放ひ任にん  ―  fàngrèn  ―  to indulge
7. load; burden; luggage; baggage
8. duty; responsibility; obligation
   • 任にん務つとむ／任にん务  ―  rènwù  ―  task; mission
9. tenure; term of office; incumbency
   • 現げん任にん／现任にん  ―  xiànrèn  ―  to be currently serving as; incumbent
   • 前まえ任にん  ―  qiánrèn  ―  predecessor
   • 繼つぎ任にん／继任にん  ―  jìrèn  ―  successor
10. office; post; position
11. officeholder; postholder
12. even if; even though
13. no matter how; regardless of
14. Classifier for terms of office.

Compounds

• 一任いちにん (yīrèn)
• 一身いっしん二に任にん
• 上うえ任つとむ (shàngrèn)
• 不ふ任にん (bùrèn)
• 不信任ふしんにん案あん
• 主任しゅにん (zhǔrèn)
• 主任しゅにん委員いいん／主任しゅにん委い员
• 任にん人じん
• 任意にんい (rènyì)
• 信任しんにん (xìnrèn)
• 信任しんにん投票とうひょう (xìnrèn tóupiào)
• 信任しんにん狀じょう／信任しんにん状じょう
• 充たかし任にん (chōngrèn)
• 兼任けんにん (jiānrèn)
• 出で任にん (chūrèn)
• 刑事けいじ責任せきにん／刑事けいじ责任 (xíngshì zérèn)
• 到いた任にん (dàorèn)
• 前任ぜんにん (qiánrèn)
• 力ちから不ふ勝かつ任つとむ／力ちから不ふ胜任
• 力ちから微ほろ任にん重おも
• 勝かつ任つとむ／胜任 (shèngrèn)
• 勝かつ任つとむ愉快ゆかい／胜任愉快ゆかい
• 勢いきおい任にん／势任
• 升ます任にん (shēngrèn)
• 卸おろし任にん (xièrèn)
• 原はら任つとむ
• 可か任にん
• 叨任
• 器うつわ任にん
• 國際こくさい責任せきにん／国くに际责任にん
• 在任ざいにん (zàirèn)
• 大任おおとう
• 委任いにん (wěirèn)
• 委任いにん狀じょう／委任いにん状じょう
• 委任いにん直じき選せん／委任いにん直ちょく选
• 委任いにん立法りっぽう
• 委任いにん統治とうち／委任いにん统治
• 寵ちょう任にん／宠任
• 專任せんにん／专任 (zhuānrèn)
• 就任しゅうにん (jiùrèn)
• 常任じょうにん (chángrèn)
• 後任こうにん／后きさき任にん (hòurèn)
• 得とく權けん重任じゅうにん／得とく权重任じゅうにん (dé quán zhòngrèn)
• 復ふく任にん／复任
• 承うけたまわ任にん
• 接せっ任にん (jiērèn)
• 推賢任にん人じん／推贤任にん人じん
• 撤任
• 擔任たんにん／担任たんにん (dānrèn)
• 放任ほうにん (fàngrèn)
• 放任ほうにん自流じりゅう
• 放任ほうにん行為こうい／放任ほうにん行ぎょう为
• 政治せいじ責任せきにん／政治せいじ责任
• 放蕩ほうとう任にん氣き／放ひ荡任气
• 教務きょうむ主任しゅにん／教きょう务主任しゅにん
• 新任しんにん (xīnrèn)
• 會かい任にん之の家いえ／会かい任にん之の家いえ
• 柄え任にん
• 棟梁とうりょう之の任にん
• 歷任れきにん／历任 (lìrèn)
• 民事みんじ責任せきにん／民事みんじ责任 (mínshì zérèn)
• 治ち任にん
• 派は任にん (pàirèn)
• 無む任にん／无任 (wúrèn)
• 無む任にん之の祿ろく／无任之の禄ろく
• 燮和之の任にん
• 特とく任にん
• 猥當大任たいにん／猥当大任たいにん
• 現任げんにん／现任 (xiànrèn)
• 用よう賢けん任にん能のう／用よう贤任能のう
• 留任りゅうにん (liúrèn)
• 眾怒難なん任にん／众怒难任
• 矜己任にん智さとし
• 知人ちじん善ぜん任にん (zhīrénshànrèn)
• 科か任にん (kērèn)
• 科か任にん老師ろうし／科か任にん老ろう师
• 簡任／简任
• 級きゅう任にん／级任 (jírèn)
• 級きゅう任にん制せい／级任制せい
• 級きゅう任にん導師どうし／级任导师
• 級きゅう任にん老師ろうし／级任老ろう师
• 繼つぎ任にん／继任 (jìrèn)
• 續ぞく任にん／续任 (xùrèn)
• 聘任 (pìnrèn)
• 聘任制せい
• 職しょく任にん／职任
• 聽之任にん之の／听之任にん之の (tīngzhīrènzhī)
• 聽任／听任 (tīngrèn)
• 聽天任命にんめい／听天任命にんめい (tīngtiānrènmìng)
• 膺任
• 自由じゆう放任ほうにん (zìyóufàngrèn)
• 致遠任にん重おも／致远任にん重おも
• 舉賢任にん能のう／举贤任にん能のう
• 荐任
• 蒞任／莅のぞき任にん (lìrèn)
• 薦こも任にん／荐任
• 薦こも賢けん任にん能のう／荐贤任にん能のう
• 親任しんにん／亲任
• 解任かいにん (jiěrèn)
• 調しらべ任にん／调任 (diàorèn)
• 負ふ才ざい任にん氣き／负才任にん气
• 責任せきにん／责任 (zérèn)
• 責任せきにん事故じこ／责任事故じこ
• 責任せきにん保險ほけん／责任保ほ险 (zérèn bǎoxiǎn)
• 責任せきにん內閣／责任内ない阁
• 責任せきにん制せい／责任制せい (zérènzhì)
• 責任せきにん感かん／责任感かん (zérèngǎn)
• 走はし馬上もうえ任つとむ／走はし马上任にん
• 走はし馬うま之の任にん／走はし马之任にん
• 走はし馬うま到いた任にん／走はし马到任にん
• 走はし馬うま赴任ふにん／走はし马赴任ふにん
• 赴任ふにん (fùrèn)
• 輕けい財ざい任にん俠／轻财任侠にんきょう
• 轉任てんにん／转任
• 連れん任にん／连任 (liánrèn)
• 連帶れんたい責任せきにん／连带责任
• 連れん階かい累るい任にん／连阶累るい任にん
• 進すすむ賢けん任にん能のう／进贤任にん能のう
• 道義どうぎ責任せきにん／道みち义责任にん
• 道みち遠どお任にん重おも／道みち远任重おも
• 適任てきにん／适任 (shìrèn)
• 選任せんにん／选任 (xuǎnrèn)
• 選せん賢けん任にん能のう／选贤任にん能のう
• 重任じゅうにん (zhòngrèn)
• 重責じゅうせき大任たいにん／重じゅう责大任たいにん
• 離任りにん／离任 (lírèn)
• 難なん任にん／难任
• 難なん當とう重任じゅうにん／难当重任じゅうにん
• 非ひ異人いじん任にん／非ひ异人任にん (fēiyìrénrèn)
• 革かわ職しょく留任りゅうにん／革かわ职留任りゅうにん
• 高下こうげ任にん心こころ

 

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

任にん

1. (historical) an ancient woman's rank of nobility
2. (historical) an ancient music of the southern indigenous people
3. ^† Alternative form of 壬みずのえ (rén, “artful; fawning”)
4. a surname

   任にん弼時とき／任にん弼时  ―  Rén Bìshí  ―  Ren Bishi (military and political leader in the early Chinese Communist Party)

Compounds

• 任にん丘おか
• 任にん人じん (rénrén)
• 任にん澤さわ／任にん泽 (Rénzé)
• 任にん縣けん／任にん县 (Rén Xiàn)
• 任にん莊そう／任にん庄しょう (Rénzhuāng)

 

Japanese

Kanji

任にん

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. responsibility
2. duty
3. term
4. entrust to
5. appoint

Readings

• Go-on: にん (nin, 任にん)^{←にん (nin, 任にん, historical)←にむ (nimu, 任にん, ancient)}
• Kan-on: じん (jin, 任にん)^{←じん (zin, 任にん, historical)←じむ (zimu, 任にん, ancient)}
• Kun: たえる (taeru, 任にんえる); まかす (makasu, 任まかす, Jōyō); まかせる (makaseru, 任まかせる, Jōyō); まき (maki, 任にん); まく (maku, 任にんく); まけ (make, 任にん); まま (mama, 任にん)
• Nanori: さ (sa, 任にん); たえ (tae, 任にん); たか (taka, 任にん); たかし (takashi, 任にん); ただ (tada, 任にん); たね (tane, 任にん); たもつ (tamotsu, 任にん); と (to, 任にん); とう (tō, 任にん); ひで (hide, 任にん)

Compounds

• 責せめ(せき)任にん(にん) (sekinin)
• 委ゆだね(い)任にん(にん) (inin)
• 解かい(かい)任にん(にん) (kainin)
• 無む(む)責せめ(せき)任にん(にん) (musekinin)
• 専せん(せん)任にん(にん) (sennin)
• 信しん(しん)任にん(にん) (shinnin)
• 任にん(にん)天てん(てん)堂どう(どう) (nintendō)
• 任にん(にん)命いのち(めい) (ninmei)
• 任にん(にん)務つとむ(む) (ninmu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
任にん
にん Grade: 5
goon

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɲ̟ĩɴ]

Noun

任にん(にん) • (nin) 

1. duty, responsibility, obligation

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
任にん
まき Grade: 5
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ma̠kʲi]

Noun

任にん(まき) • (maki) 

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
任にん
まけ Grade: 5
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ma̠ke̞]

Noun

任にん(まけ) • (make) 

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 任にん – see the following entry.

【儘まま】H [noun] the same, unchanged state; state as it is [noun] (mostly in the form 儘になる (mama ni naru)) the desired or ideal state; freedom [noun] act of leaving things as it is Alternative spellings 随ずい, 侭まま, まんま

(This term, 任にん, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

任にん (eumhun 맡길 임 (matgil im))

1. hanja form^? of 임 (“duty; responsibility”)

Compounds

• 상임 (常任じょうにん, sang'im)
• 책임 (責任せきにん, chaegim)

 

Vietnamese

Han character

任にん: Hán Việt readings: nhậm, nhiệm, nhâm
任にん: Nôm readings: nhậm, nhằm, nhiệm, nhầm, nhẩm, nhăm, nhặm, vững

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.