旗幟きし

See also: 旗はた帜

Chinese

		banner; flag	flag
trad. (旗幟きし)		旗はた	幟のぼり
simp. (旗はた帜)		旗はた	帜

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qízhì

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ ㄓˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kei⁴ ci³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kî-chì
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ji-tsy

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qízhì
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ ㄓˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cíjhìh
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi²-chih⁴
    • Yale: chí-jr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyijyh
    • Palladius: цичжи (cičži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 奇き志こころざし 旗幟きし／旗はた帜

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kei⁴ ci³
    • Yale: kèih chi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kei⁴ tsi³
    • Guangdong Romanization: kéi⁴ qi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰei̯²¹ t͡sʰiː³³/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 其次 旗幟きし／旗はた帜

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî-chì
    • Tâi-lô: kî-tsì
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kicix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ki²⁴⁻²² t͡si⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki¹³⁻²² t͡si²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ki²⁴⁻²² t͡si²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ji-tsy
    • MiniDict: ji^去さ tsy
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³jji-tsr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /d͡ʑi²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: gi syiH|tsyhiH

Rime
Character	旗はた	幟のぼり	幟のぼり
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲こえ)	群ぐん (30)	書しょ (26)	昌あきら (24)
Final (韻いん)	之これ (19)	之これ (19)	之これ (19)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III	III	III
Fanqie	渠みぞ之これ切きり	式しき吏切きり	昌あきら志こころざし切きり
Baxter	gi	syiH	tsyhiH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡɨ/	/ɕɨH/	/t͡ɕʰɨH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡɨ/	/ɕɨH/	/t͡ɕʰɨH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡie/	/ɕieH/	/t͡ɕʰieH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gɨ/	/ɕɨH/	/cʰɨH/
Li Rong	/ɡiə/	/ɕiəH/	/t͡ɕʰiəH/
Wang Li	/ɡĭə/	/ɕĭəH/	/t͡ɕʰĭəH/
Bernard Karlgren	/gi/	/ɕiH/	/t͡ɕʰiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qí	shì	chì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kei4	si3	ci3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡɯ  tjɯɡs|tʰjɯɡs|hljɯɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	旗はた
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qí
Middle Chinese	‹ gi ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ](r)ə/
English	flag
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	旗はた	幟のぼり	幟のぼり	幟のぼり
Reading #	1/1	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	9948	17245	17248	17249
Phonetic component	其	戠	戠	戠
Rime group	之これ	代だい	代だい	代だい
Rime subdivision	0	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	其	志こころざし	熾おき	試ためし
Old Chinese	/*ɡɯ/	/*tjɯɡs/	/*tʰjɯɡs/	/*hljɯɡs/

Noun

旗幟きし

1. banner; flag (Classifier: 面めん)
2. (figurative) good example; model
3. (figurative) representative or charismatic stands, theories, or thoughts

   • 我わが們千秋せんしゅう萬まん代だい高こう舉毛澤東もうたくとう旗幟きし， / 前進ぜんしん！ / 高こう舉毛澤東もうたくとう旗幟きし， / 前進ぜんしん，前進ぜんしん，前進ぜんしん，進すすむ！ [MSC, trad.]
     我わが们千秋せんしゅう万まん代だい高こう举毛もう泽东旗はた帜， / 前ぜん进！ / 高こう举毛もう泽东旗はた帜， / 前ぜん进，前ぜん进，前ぜん进，进！ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1978 March 5, National anthem of the People's Republic of China (1978-1982)

     Wǒmen qiānqiūwàndài gāojǔ Máo Zédōng qízhì,  /  qiánjìn!  /  gāojǔ Máo Zédōng qízhì,  /  qiánjìn, qiánjìn, qiánjìn, jìn! [Pinyin]

     We will for many generations / raise high Mao Zedong's banner! / March on! / Raise high Mao Zedong's banner! / March on! March on! March on! On!

Synonyms

• (banner):

• 旌旗せいき (jīngqí) (literary)
• 旗はた仔こ (Hakka, Hokkien)
• 旗はた子こ (qízi)
• 旗はた號ごう／旗はた号ごう (qíhào) (chiefly historical)
• 標しめぎ／标 (biāo)

 

• (good example):

• 典型てんけい (diǎnxíng)
• 典範てんぱん／典てん范 (diǎnfàn)
• 書式しょしき／书式 (shūshì) (literary)
• 格式かくしき (géshì)
• 楷模 (kǎimó)
• 榜樣／榜样 (bǎngyàng)
• 標しるべ兵へい／标兵 (biāobīng) (figurative)
• 樣さま板ばん／样板 (yàngbǎn)
• 標しめぎ竿ざお／标竿 (biāogān)
• 模範もはん／模かたぎ范 (mófàn)
• 法式ほうしき
• 程ほど式しき (chéngshì)
• 範はん例れい／范例 (fànlì)
• 表ひょう率りつ (biǎoshuài)
• 訓くん／训 (xùn) (literary, or in compounds)

 

Derived terms

• 五ご方ぽう旗幟きし／五ご方ぽう旗はた帜 (wǔfāng qízhì)
• 旗幟きし學がく／旗はた帜学 (qízhìxué)
• 旗幟きし鮮明せんめい／旗はた帜鲜明あきら (qízhìxiānmíng)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (旗幟きし):

• → Japanese: 旗幟きし(きし) (kishi)
• → Korean: 기치(旗幟きし) (gichi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
旗はた	幟のぼり
き Grade: 4	し Hyōgaiji
kan'on	on'yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 旗幟きし (MC gi syiH|tsyhiH, literally “flag + banner”).

First cited in Japanese to a portion of the Shoku Nihongi dated to 765.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きし [kíꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) きし [kìshíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [kʲi̥ɕi]

Noun

旗はた(き)幟のぼり(し) • (kishi) 

1. [from 765] banner, flag (particularly as used in battle to show position on the field)
2. [from 1890] (by extension from the "position" sense) one's clear stance, attitude, or position with regard to an issue; a person who clearly advocates for such a position

Korean

Hanja in this term
旗はた	幟のぼり

Noun

旗幟きし • (gichi) (hangeul 기치)

1. Hanja form^? of 기치 (“banner, flag”).