鑄い

See also: 鋳い and 铸

鑄い U+9444, 鑄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9444 ← 鑃 [U+9443] CJK Unified Ideographs 鑅 → [U+9445]

Translingual

Traditional	鑄い
Shinjitai	鋳い
Simplified	铸

Han character

鑄い (Kangxi radical 167, 金きむ+14, 22 strokes, cangjie input 金きむ土ど弓ゆみ戈ほこ (CGNI), four-corner 8414₁, composition ⿰釒壽ことぶき)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1324, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40972
• Dae Jaweon: page 1825, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4266, character 7
• Unihan data for U+9444

Chinese

trad.		鑄い
simp.		铸
alternative forms		鋳い 𨮾 𤎧 𨮚

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鑄い
Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States
Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Qin slip script

Characters in the same phonetic series (壽ことぶき) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
禱	*tuːʔ, *tuːs
擣	*tuːʔ
檮	*tuːʔ, *duː, *du
壔	*tuːʔ
懤	*tuːʔ, *du, *dus
濤	*duː, *duː
燾	*duː, *duːs
翿	*duː, *duːs
幬	*duːs, *du
儔	*duːs, *du
譸	*tu
籌	*du
疇	*du
躊	*du
燽	*du
薵	*du
魗	*tʰjuʔ, *dju
醻	*dju
壽ことぶき	*djuʔ, *djus
璹	*djuʔ, *djuɡ
鑄い	*tjos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *tjos) : semantic 金きむ (“metal”) + phonetic 壽ことぶき (OC *djuʔ, *djus). Historically, the glyph forms for this character used to be highly composite, with combinations of various ideogrammic (會意かいい／会意かいい) components, including 皿さら (“container, crucible, or mould”), 火ひ (“fire”), 寸すん (“hand”), or 𦦡 = 𦥑 (“two hands”) + 鬲 (“cauldron, container”), etc., indicating metal-casting. The phonetic value were signified by the optional component 𠃬, which also appeared in 壽ことぶき (OC *djuʔ, *djus).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhù (zhu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chù

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
    • Wade–Giles: chu⁴
    • Yale: jù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zyu³
    • Yale: jyu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzy³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ju³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syː³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chù
    • Tâi-lô: tsù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡su²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsyuH

Rime
Character	鑄い
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	章あきら (23)
Final (韻いん)	虞おそれ (24)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Closed
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	之これ戍切きり
Baxter	tsyuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨoH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕioH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕioH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuə̆H/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕioH/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tu-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tjos/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鑄い
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuH ›
Old Chinese	/*tu-s/ (MC F!)
English	to cast (a bronze vessel)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鑄い
Reading #	1/1
No.	11710
Phonetic component	壽ことぶき
Rime group	侯ほう
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	注ちゅう
Old Chinese	/*tjos/

Definitions

鑄い

1. to cast; to melt; to found; to forge
2. to form; to create; to mould
3. to cultivate; to train

Compounds

• 壓あつ鑄い／压铸
• 晉すすむ鑄い刑けい鼎かなえ／晋すすむ铸刑鼎かなえ
• 歐おう冶鑄劍けん／欧おう冶铸剑
• 澆鑄／浇铸 (jiāozhù)
• 白しろ鑄鐵ちゅうてつ／白しろ铸铁
• 研けん經けい鑄い史し／研けん经铸史し
• 臨難鑄い兵へい／临难铸兵
• 鎔鑄／镕铸
• 鑄い件けん／铸件 (zhùjiàn)
• 鑄い字じ／铸字
• 鑄い山やま煮に海うみ／铸山煮に海うみ
• 鑄い工こう／铸工
• 鑄い幣ぬさ局きょく／铸币局きょく
• 鑄い成なり大だい錯／铸成大だい错 (zhùchéngdàcuò)
• 鑄い模も／铸模 (zhùmú)
• 鑄造ちゅうぞう／铸造 (zhùzào)
• 鑄鋼ちゅうこう／铸钢
• 鑄鐵ちゅうてつ／铸铁 (zhùtiě)
• 鑄い鼎かなえ象ぞう物ぶつ／铸鼎象ぞう物ぶつ
• 陶とう鎔鼓鑄い／陶とう镕鼓铸
• 陶すえ鑄い／陶とう铸
• 鬥而鑄い兵へい／斗と而铸兵へい
• 鬥而鑄い錐きり／斗と而铸锥
• 鼓こ鑄い／鼓つづみ铸

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	鋳い
Kyūjitai	鑄い

Kanji

鑄い

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 鋳い)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kan’yō-on: ちゅう (chū)^{←ちう (tiu, historical)}
• Kun: いる (iru, 鑄いる)^{←いる (iru, 鑄いる, historical)←𛀆る (yiru, 鑄いる, ancient)}

Korean

Hanja

鑄い • (ju) (hangeul 주)

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Vietnamese

Han character

鑄い: Hán Nôm readings: chú

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.