現げん

See also: 现

現げん	U+73FE, 現 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-73FE

← 珽
[U+73FD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

珿 →
[U+73FF]

Translingual

Stroke order
Japan

Han character

現げん (Kangxi radical 96, 玉たま+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一いち土ど月山つきやま山さん (MGBUU), four-corner 1611₀, composition ⿰𤣩見み)

Derived characters

𠻷, 𣎔, 𡠝

Related characters

现 (Simplified Chinese)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 732, character 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21004
Dae Jaweon: page 1143, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1116, character 3
Unihan data for U+73FE

Chinese

trad.		現げん
simp.		现
alternative forms		見み／见

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (見み) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涀	ɡeːlʔ, kʰeːns, *ɡeːns
莧	*ɡreːns
粯	*ɡreːns
晛	ŋl'eːns, ɡeːnʔ
筧かけい	*keːnʔ
絸	*keːnʔ
垷	keːnʔ, ɡeːnʔ
挸	*keːnʔ
見み	keːns, ɡeːns
俔	kʰeːns, ɡeːnʔ
蜆しじみ	kʰeːns, qʰeːnʔ, *ɡeːnʔ
硯すずり	ŋɡeːn, ŋɡeːns
峴	*ɡeːnʔ
哯	*ɡeːnʔ
睍	*ɡeːnʔ
現げん	*ɡeːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *ɡeːns) : semantic 玉たま (“jewel”) + phonetic 見み (OC *keːns, *ɡeːns).

Etymology

Stativized form of the transitive verb 見み (OC *keːns, “to see”), formed by a nasal prefix and expressing the sense "to be visible; to appear" (Mei, 2012).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xian⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щүан (xüan, II) / щян (xi͡an, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jin⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): yen⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): xien⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): hien / hian

(Meixian, Guangdong): hian⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): xie³
Northern Min (KCR): hīng
Eastern Min (BUC): hiêng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hiān / hiàn

(Teochew, Peng'im): hing⁷ / hêng⁷ / hiang⁷
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yi
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xienn⁵ / xienn⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siàn
  - Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
  - Yale: syàn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
  - Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: xian⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xian
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛn²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щүан (xüan, II) / щян (xi͡an, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕyæ̃⁵¹/, /ɕiæ̃⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jin⁶
  - Yale: yihn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jin⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yin⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːn²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: yen⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jen³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: xien⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɛn¹¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hien
  - Hakka Romanization System: hien
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯en⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hian
  - Hakka Romanization System: hian
  - Hagfa Pinyim: hian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hi̯an⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: hian⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /hian⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: xie³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hīng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xiŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: hiêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiɛŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiān
  - Tâi-lô: hiān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hien
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /hiɛn⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /hiɛn²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɛn³³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiàn
  - Tâi-lô: hiàn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hiexn
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɛn²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hiɛn¹¹/

Note: hiàn - vernacular, probably substitute for 獻けんじ.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hing⁷ / hêng⁷ / hiang⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hīng / hēng / hiāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiŋ¹¹/, /heŋ¹¹/, /hiaŋ¹¹/

Note:

hing7 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping;
hêng7 - Jieyang;
hiang7 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶yi
  - MiniDict: yi^去さ
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhi
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦi²³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: xienn⁵ / xienn⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ẽ²¹/, /ɕi̯ẽ⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: henH

Rime
Character	現げん
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	匣くしげ (33)
Final (韻いん)	先さき (85)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	IV
Fanqie	胡えびす甸切きり
Baxter	henH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦen^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦen^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛn^H/
Li Rong	/ɣen^H/
Wang Li	/ɣien^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣien^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jin⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*N-[k]ˤen-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	現げん
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hen^H ›
Old Chinese	/*N-[k]ˁen-s/
English	appear
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	現げん
Reading #	1/1
No.	6207
Phonetic component	見み
Rime group	元もと
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	見み
Old Chinese	/*ɡeːns/
Notes	俗ぞく同どう見み

Definitions

現げん

present; current
to appear; to manifest; to become visible
now
- 現げん我わが只ただ想そう與あずか祢同どう去さ　終おわり此世よ　居きょ於祢愛あい裡うら [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
  现我わが只ただ想そう与あずか祢同どう去さ　终此世よ　居きょ于祢爱里さと [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
  From: 2020, 原始げんし和聲わせい [Raw Harmony], lyrics by 李り俊しゅん霆 [Matthew Li], 願ねがい盡つき我わが一生いっしょう
  jin⁶ ngo⁵ zi² soeng² jyu⁵ nei⁵ tung⁴ heoi³, zung¹ ci² sai³, geoi¹ jyu¹ nei⁵ oi³ leoi⁵ [Jyutping]
  Now, I only want to go with You, dwelling in Your love this whole life
on the spot; then and there
現げん學がく現げん賣うれ／现学がく现卖 ― xiànxuéxiànmài ― immediately wielding new knowledge

現げん切きり現げん賣うれ／现切きり现卖 ― xiàn qiē xiàn mài ― freshly portioned and directly sold

現げん充たかし羽はね絨被／现充たかし羽はね绒被 ― xiàn chōng yǔróngbèi ― duvet filled on the spot

Compounds

一切いっさい現げん成なり／一切いっさい现成
丟人現げん眼め／丢人现眼 (diūrénxiànyǎn)
乍現／乍现
兌現／兑现 (duìxiàn)
公告こうこく現げん值／公告こうこく现值
再現さいげん／再さい现 (zàixiàn)
凝血ぎょうけつ現象げんしょう／凝血ぎょうけつ现象
出現しゅつげん／出で现 (chūxiàn)
吃ども現げん成なり／吃ども现成
吃ども現げん成なり飯めし／吃ども现成饭 (chī xiànchéngfàn)
呈てい現げん／呈てい现 (chéngxiàn)
圖ず窮きゅう匕現／图穷匕现 (túqióngbǐxiàn)
安やす於現狀じょう／安やす于现状じょう (ānyúxiànzhuàng)
實現じつげん／实现 (shíxiàn)
封鎖ふうさ現場げんば／封ふう锁现场
展てん現げん／展てん现 (zhǎnxiàn)
平分へいぶん售現／平分へいぶん售现
忽ゆるがせ隱かくれ忽ゆるがせ現げん／忽ゆるがせ隐忽现
愛あい現げん／爱现 (àixiàn)
應おう物ぶつ現形げんけい／应物现形
打だ嘴くちばし現世げんせい／打だ嘴くちばし现世
投とう現げん／投とう现
撿現成なり／捡现成なり
映うつ現げん／映うつ现
曇くもり花はな一いち現げん／昙花一いち现 (tánhuāyīxiàn)
曙光しょこう乍現／曙光しょこう乍现
毛もう細ほそ現象げんしょう／毛もう细现象ぞう (máoxì xiànxiàng)
活かつ現げん／活かつ现 (huóxiàn)
活かつ神しん活かつ現げん／活かつ神しん活かつ现
活かつ靈れい活かつ現げん／活かつ灵活现 (huólínghuóxiàn)
活かつ龍りゅう活かつ現げん／活かつ龙活现 (huólónghuóxiàn)
浮現／浮现 (fúxiàn)
湧ゆう現げん／涌现 (yǒngxiàn)
湊みなと現げん成なり／凑现成なり
犯罪はんざい現場げんば／犯罪はんざい现场 (fànzuì xiànchǎng)
現下げんか／现下 (xiànxià)
現世げんせい／现世 (xiànshì)
現世げんせい報ほう／现世报 (xiànshìbào)
現世げんせい寶たから／现世宝たから
現世げんせい現げん報ほう／现世现报
現げん世界せかい／现世界かい
現今げんこん／现今 (xiànjīn)
現代げんだい／现代 (xiàndài)
現代げんだい主義しゅぎ／现代主ぬし义 (xiàndài zhǔyì)
現代げんだい人じん／现代人じん (xiàndàirén)
現代げんだい化か／现代化か (xiàndàihuà)
現代げんだい史し／现代史し
現代げんだい建築けんちく／现代建けん筑
現代げんだい繪畫かいが／现代绘画
現代げんだい舞まい／现代舞まい (xiàndàiwǔ)
現代げんだい芭蕾／现代芭蕾
現代げんだい藝術げいじゅつ／现代艺术
現代げんだい詩し／现代诗
現任げんにん／现任 (xiànrèn)
現げん值／现值
現出げんしゅつ／现出 (xiànchū)
現出げんしゅつ原げん身み／现出原げん身み
現前げんぜん／现前
現勢げんせい／现势
現在げんざい／现在
現げん址し／现址 (xiànzhǐ)
現場げんば／现场 (xiànchǎng)
現場げんば節目ふしめ／现场节目
現げん大洋たいよう／现大洋たいよう (xiàndàyáng)
現存げんそん／现存 (xiàncún)
現實げんじつ／现实 (xiànshí)
現實げんじつ主義しゅぎ／现实主ぬし义 (xiànshí zhǔyì)
現げん弄ろう／现弄
現形げんけい／现形 (xiànxíng)
現役げんえき／现役 (xiànyì)
現役げんえき軍人ぐんじん／现役军人
現げん成なり／现成 (xiànchéng)
現げん成なり話ばなし／现成话
現げん成なり飯めし／现成饭 (xiànchéngfàn)
現時げんじ／现时 (xiànshí)
現げん時報じほう／现时报
現げん期き／现期
現げん款／现款 (xiànkuǎn)
現況げんきょう／现况 (xiànkuàng)
現げん洋よう／现洋 (xiànyáng)
現狀げんじょう／现状 (xiànzhuàng)
現げん現げん成なり成なり／现现成なり成なり
現げん眼め／现眼 (xiànyǎn)
現職げんしょく／现职 (xiànzhí)
現行げんこう／现行 (xiànxíng)
現行げんこう法ほう／现行法ほう
現行げんこう犯はん／现行犯はん (xiànxíngfàn)
現象げんしょう／现象 (xiànxiàng)
現げん貨／现货 (xiànhuò)
現げん貨市場いちば／现货市し场
現げん買かい現げん賣うれ／现买现卖
現げん賣うれ／现卖
現身うつせみ／现身 (xiànshēn)
現身うつせみ說法せっぽう／现身说法
現金げんきん／现金 (xiànjīn)
現金げんきん帳ちょう／现金帐 (xiànjīnzhàng)
現金げんきん救助きゅうじょ／现金救助きゅうじょ
現金げんきん給付きゅうふ／现金给付
現金げんきん股また利り／现金股また利り
現げん鈔／现钞 (xiànchāo)
現げん錢ぜに／现钱 (xiànqián)
現げん階段かいだん／现阶段だん
發現はつげん／发现 (fāxiàn)
發現はつげん學習がくしゅう／发现学がく习
社會しゃかい現象げんしょう／社会しゃかい现象 (shèhuì xiànxiàng)
神氣しんき活かつ現げん／神かみ气活现
競合きょうごう現象げんしょう／竞合现象
第だい一いち現場げんば／第だい一いち现场 (dì-yī xiànchǎng)
節目ふしめ現場げんば／节目现场
聖せい嬰現象げんしょう／圣婴现象 (shèngyīng xiànxiàng)
自我じが實現じつげん／自我じが实现
自我じが表現ひょうげん／自我じが表ひょう现 (zìwǒ biǎoxiàn)
自然しぜん現象げんしょう／自然しぜん现象 (zìrán xiànxiàng)
良心りょうしん發現はつげん／良心りょうしん发现
若わか隱かくれ若わか現げん／若わか隐若现 (ruòyǐnruòxiàn)
虹にじ吸現象げんしょう／虹にじ吸现象ぞう
表現ひょうげん／表おもて现 (biǎoxiàn)
表現ひょうげん主義しゅぎ／表おもて现主义 (biǎoxiànzhǔyì)
貼は現げん／贴现
貼は現げん率りつ／贴现率りつ
貼は現げん窗まど口こう／贴现窗まど口こう
退化たいか現象げんしょう／退化たいか现象
退すさ現げん／退すさ现
重じゅう現げん／重じゅう现 (chóngxiàn)
重じゅう現げん江湖こうこ／重じゅう现江湖こうこ
重じゅう貼は現げん率りつ／重じゅう贴现率りつ
針はり孔あな現象げんしょう／针孔现象
閃現／闪现 (shǎnxiàn)
隱かくれ現げん／隐现
顯現けんげん／显现 (xiǎnxiàn)
體現たいげん／体からだ现 (tǐxiàn)

Japanese

Kanji

現げん

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

present
existing

Readings

Go-on: げん (gen, Jōyō)
Kan-on: けん (ken)
Kun: あらわす (arawasu, 現あらわす, Jōyō); あらわれる (arawareru, 現あらわれる, Jōyō); うつつ (utsutsu, 現げんつ)

Compounds

現げん(げん)金きむ(きん) (genkin): cash
現げん(げん)在ざい(ざい) (genzai): the present, now
現げん(げん)在ざい(ざい)地ち(ち) (genzaichi): you are here
現げん(げん)実み(じつ) (genjitsu): reality
現げん(げん)代だい(だい) (gendai): the present day, modern times
現げん(ゲン)の証拠しょうこ(ショウコ) (gennoshōko)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
現げん
うつ(つ) Grade: 5
kun'yomi

(Tokyo) うつつ [ùtsútsú] (Heiban – [0])
(Tokyo) うつつ [ùtsútsúꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
IPA^(key): [ɯ̟t͡sɨ̥t͡sɨ]

Noun

現げん(うつつ) • (utsutsu)

reality or consciousness, as opposed to a dream state or unconsciousness
夢ゆめ(ゆめ)と現げん(うつつ)の間あいだ(あいだ)
yume to utsutsu no aida
in between dreams and reality
- 2003 January 27, Mashiba, Shin, “第だい(だい)八はち(はち)夜よる(や)　合ごう(アワセ)鏡かがみ(カガミ)（後のち(コウ)編へん(ヘン)) [Night 8: Mirror within Mirror (Last Chapter)]”, in [夢ゆめ](ゆめ)[喰くえ](くい)[見み](けん)[聞](ぶん) [The Dream-Eating Inspector], volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Square Enix, page 7:
  
  さあ　眠ねむり(ねむ)れしばし現げん(うつつ)にお別べつ(わか)れだ
  Sā nemure shibashi utsutsu ni owakare da
  Well then, say goodbye to reality for the time being, and go to sleep

Derived terms

現げん(うつつ)を抜(ぬ)かす (utsutsu o nukasu)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 現げん (MC henH).

Historical readings

Recorded as Middle Korean 見み/ᅘᅧᆫ〮 (Yale: hhyén) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國とうごく正せい韻いん / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Early Modern Korean 見み/현 (Yale: hyen) in Samun Seonghwi (三さん韻いん聲ごえ彙 / 삼운성휘), 1751.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [çɘ(ː)n]
Phonetic hangul: [현(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

現げん

Wikisource

現げん (eumhun 나타날 현 (natanal hyeon))

hanja form^? of 현 (“appear”)
hanja form^? of 현 (“current; present; existing”)

Compounds

현대 (現代げんだい, hyeondae, “modern; Hyundai”)
출현 (出現しゅつげん, chulhyeon, “appear”)
구현 (具現ぐげん, guhyeon, “realization”)
현실 (現實げんじつ, hyeonsil, “reality”)
표현 (表現ひょうげん, pyohyeon, “description”)
현재 (現在げんざい, hyeonjae, “present”)
현금 (現金げんきん, hyeon'geum, “cash”)
현존 (現存げんそん, hyeonjon, “existing”)
현상 (現像げんぞう, hyeonsang, “phenomenon”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

現げん: Hán Nôm readings: hiện, hẹn, kén

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