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Keriya Town

Coordinates: 36°51′N 81°40′E / 36.850°N 81.667°E / 36.850; 81.667
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Keriya
County-level city
Keriya is located in Southern Xinjiang
Keriya
Keriya
Location in Xinjiang
Coordinates: 36°51′N 81°40′E / 36.850°N 81.667°E / 36.850; 81.667
CountryPeople's Republic of China
Autonomous regionXinjiang
PrefectureHotan
CountyYutian/Keriya
Population
 (2010)[1]
 • Total30,179
Ethnic groups
 • Major ethnic groupsUyghur, Han Chinese[2]
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
839000
Area code0903
Local languagesUyghur, Mandarin Chinese
Keriya Town
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese木き尕拉鎮
Simplified Chinese木き尕拉镇
Uyghur name
Uyghurكېرىيە‎

Keriya Town or Mugala Town is a town in Yutian (Keriya) County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, China, on the old Southern Silk Road. As the commercial and administrative centre of Keriya County, it is about 166 km east of Hotan, 80 km east of Qira, and 120 km west of Niya. Yutian County has a population of about 160,000.

History

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The small modern town of Keriya is situated on the western bank of the Keriya River. Approximately 180 km north along the Keriya River is the ancient fortified site of Karadong, where the world's oldest Buddhist murals have been found. It was abandoned in the 4th century CE. Another site, Yuan Sha, some 40 km north of Karadong, dates from the Iron Age but was abandoned by about 130 BCE.

There is a village about 75 km south of Keriya called Pulu. There are a number of peaks over 6,000 metres to the south of the oasis, including Qong Muztag at 6,962 m (22,841 ft) in the upper Keriya River Valley. About 100 families of the distinctive Keriya Uyghurs, who are said to be quite distinct from other Uyghurs, live at Tangzubasti Village, about 170 km north of the town of Yutian. It is said to be on the ruins of the ancient city of Keladun where artifacts from the Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 222 CE) have been found.

Marco Polo visited the oasis in the late 13th century. He described it as being five days' journey in extent, but with sandy deserts to both east and west. Both the province and the capital city were called Pem or Peyn. He noted that the people were Muslims, and that there were many towns and villages. He indicated that there were plenty of products there, including cotton. He also mentions that "jasper" (probably nephrite jade) and chalcedony were found in the rivers and the people "live by manufacture and trade". He also wrote of their custom: "...if a married man goes to a distance from home to be absent twenty days, his wife has a right, if she is inclined, to take another husband; and the men, on the same principle, marry wherever they happen to reside."[4]

Gold mines were reported near Keriya in the 19th century.[5]

In 2013, Xingfu and Hexie were listed as residential communities in the town.[6]

In 2017, eight residential communities and seven villages were added to those listed as part of the town.[7]

Administrative divisions

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Statue of Kurban Tulum and Mao Zedong in downtown Keriya.
Statue of Kurban Tulum and Mao Zedong in downtown Keriya.

As of 2018, the town was made up of eighteen residential communities and twenty-four villages.[8][9][clarification needed]

Residential communities (Mandarin Chinese Hanyu Pinyin-derived names):

Villages:

In 2009, residential communities and villages in the town were:[10][11]

Residential communities (Mandarin Chinese Hanyu Pinyin-derived names):

Villages:

Transportation

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ 于田县历史し沿革えんかく [Yutian County Historical Development] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 2 December 2014. Retrieved 11 December 2019. 2000年ねん第だい五ご次じ人口じんこう普ひろし查，于田县常住じょうじゅう总人口じんこう212061人にん，其中：木き尕拉镇37252人にん、{...}2010年ねん第だい六ろく次じ人口じんこう普ひろし查，于田县常住じょうじゅう总人口じんこう249899人にん，其中：木き尕拉镇30179人にん，
  2. ^ a b 1997年ねん于田县行政ぎょうせい区く划 [1997 Keriya County Administrative Divisions]. XZQH.org. 6 January 2011. Retrieved 4 April 2020. 木き尕拉镇　县政府せいふ驻地。面めん积56平方へいほう千せん米めーとる，人口じんこう2万まん，有ゆう维吾尔、汉等民族みんぞく。其中维吾尔族占うらない87％；汉族占うらない13％。315国道こくどう从境内ない穿ほじ过，
  3. ^ 和田わだ市し概がい况. Hotan Government Statistics. June 17, 2013. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014.
  4. ^ J.M. Dent (1908), "Chapter 34: Of the Province of Peyn - of the chalcedonies and jasper found in its river - and of a peculiar custom with regard to marriage", The travels of Marco Polo the Venetian, p. 97
  5. ^ Hill (2015) Vol. I, p. 196.
  6. ^ 2013年ねん统计用よう区く划代码和城じょう乡划分ぶん代だい码：木き尕拉镇 [2013 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Mugala Town] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2020. 代だい码 城じょう乡分类 名称めいしょう 653226100001 121 昆こん仑社区く居い委い会かい 653226100002 121 建德けんとく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100003 121 团结社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100004 121 玉城たまき社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100005 121 吾われ斯塘贝希社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100006 121 艾もぐさ提ひさげ卡社区く居い委い会かい 653226100007 121 塔とう乃贝希まれ社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100008 121 墩巴格かく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100009 121 幸福こうふく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100010 121 和わ谐社区く居い委い会かい 653226100200 220 古こ再さい村むら委い会かい 653226100201 122 阿おもね热木喀木村むら委い会かい 653226100202 220 木き尕库勒贝希まれ村むら委い会かい 653226100203 122 喀尕村むら委い会かい 653226100204 122 阿おもね勒村委い会かい 653226100205 122 吐格曼阔恰村委い会かい 653226100206 122 安代あしろ库勒贝希村むら委い会かい 653226100207 220 木き尕拉村むら委い会かい 653226100208 121 巴ともえ什喀群ぐん村むら委い会かい 653226100209 122 阿おもね亚格喀群村むら委い会かい 653226100210 122 英えい其开艾もぐさ日び克かつ村むら委い会かい 653226100211 122 喀日曼村委い会かい 653226100212 122 阿おもね斯廷奥おく依よ村むら委い会かい 653226100213 122 吾われ斯塘吾われ其村そのむら委い会かい 653226100214 220 空そら喀麻扎村委い会かい 653226100215 220 库开仁じん村むら委い会かい 653226100216 220 博はく斯坦村むら委い会かい
  7. ^ 2017年ねん统计用よう区く划代码和城じょう乡划分ぶん代だい码：木き尕拉镇 [2017 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Mugala Town] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2017. Retrieved 14 January 2020. 统计用よう区く划代码 城じょう乡分类代码 名称めいしょう 653226100001 121 昆こん仑社区く居い委い会かい 653226100002 121 建德けんとく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100003 121 团结社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100004 121 玉城たまき社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100005 121 吾われ斯塘贝希社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100006 121 艾もぐさ提ひさげ卡社区く居い委い会かい 653226100007 121 塔とう乃贝希まれ社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100008 121 墩巴格かく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100009 121 幸福こうふく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100010 121 和わ谐社区く居い委い会かい 653226100011 121 阗美社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100012 121 阗园社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100013 121 朝あさ阳社区く居い委い会かい 653226100014 121 光明こうみょう社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100015 121 快かい乐社区く居い委い会かい 653226100016 121 古こ再さい社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100017 121 玫瑰社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100018 121 库塔孜つとむ贝希社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100200 220 古こ再さい村むら委い会かい 653226100201 122 阿おもね热木喀木村むら委い会かい 653226100202 220 木き尕库勒贝希まれ村むら委い会かい 653226100203 122 喀尕村むら委い会かい 653226100204 122 阿おもね勒村委い会かい 653226100205 122 吐格曼阔恰村委い会かい 653226100206 122 安代あしろ库勒贝希村むら委い会かい 653226100207 220 木き尕拉村むら委い会かい 653226100208 121 巴ともえ什喀群ぐん村むら委い会かい 653226100209 122 阿おもね亚格喀群村むら委い会かい 653226100210 122 英えい其开艾もぐさ日び克かつ村むら委い会かい 653226100211 122 喀日曼村委い会かい 653226100212 122 阿おもね斯廷奥おく依よ村むら委い会かい 653226100213 122 吾われ斯塘吾われ其村そのむら委い会かい 653226100214 220 空そら喀麻扎村委い会かい 653226100215 220 库开仁じん村むら委い会かい 653226100216 220 博はく斯坦村むら委い会かい 653226100217 220 绿洲村むら委い会かい 653226100218 220 桃もも园村委い会かい 653226100219 220 友とも谊村委い会かい 653226100300 220 阿おもね克かつ依よ来らい克かつ村むら委い会かい 653226100301 220 买迪尼あま也提村むら委い会かい 653226100302 220 依よ提つつみ帕克村むら委い会かい 653226100303 220 克かつ里さと雅みやび村むら委い会かい
  8. ^ 2018年ねん统计用よう区く划代码和城じょう乡划分ぶん代だい码：木き尕拉镇 [2018 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Mugala Town] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2018. Retrieved 12 January 2020. 统计用よう区く划代码 城じょう乡分类代码 名称めいしょう 653226100001 121 昆こん仑社区く居い委い会かい 653226100002 121 建德けんとく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100003 121 团结社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100004 121 玉城たまき社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100005 121 吾われ斯塘贝希社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100006 121 艾もぐさ提ひさげ卡社区く居い委い会かい 653226100007 121 塔とう乃贝希まれ社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100008 121 墩巴格かく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100009 121 幸福こうふく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100010 121 和わ谐社区く居い委い会かい 653226100011 121 阗美社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100012 121 阗园社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100013 121 朝あさ阳社区く居い委い会かい 653226100014 121 光明こうみょう社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100015 121 快かい乐社区く居い委い会かい 653226100016 121 古こ再さい社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100017 121 玫瑰社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100018 121 库塔孜つとむ贝希社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100200 220 古こ再さい村むら委い会かい 653226100201 122 阿おもね热木喀木村むら委い会かい 653226100202 220 木き尕库勒贝希まれ村むら委い会かい 653226100203 122 喀尕村むら委い会かい 653226100204 122 阿おもね勒村委い会かい 653226100205 122 吐格曼阔恰村委い会かい 653226100206 122 安代あしろ库勒贝希村むら委い会かい 653226100207 220 木き尕拉村むら委い会かい 653226100208 121 巴ともえ什喀群ぐん村むら委い会かい 653226100209 122 阿おもね亚格喀群村むら委い会かい 653226100210 122 英えい其开艾もぐさ日び克かつ村むら委い会かい 653226100211 122 喀日曼村委い会かい 653226100212 122 阿おもね斯廷奥おく依よ村むら委い会かい 653226100213 122 吾われ斯塘吾われ其村そのむら委い会かい 653226100214 220 空そら喀麻扎村委い会かい 653226100215 220 库开仁じん村むら委い会かい 653226100216 220 博はく斯坦村むら委い会かい 653226100217 220 绿洲村むら委い会かい 653226100218 220 桃もも园村委い会かい 653226100219 220 友とも谊村委い会かい 653226100300 220 阿おもね克かつ依よ来らい克かつ村むら委い会かい 653226100301 220 买迪尼あま也提村むら委い会かい 653226100302 220 依よ提つつみ帕克村むら委い会かい 653226100303 220 克かつ里さと雅みやび村むら委い会かい
  9. ^ 于田县行政ぎょうせい区く. 于田政府せいふ网 (in Simplified Chinese). 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 11 December 2019. Retrieved 11 December 2019. 木き尕拉镇 辖4个社区く、17个村委い会かい：吾われ斯塘巴ともえ什社区く、艾もぐさ提ひさげ喀社区く、塔とう乃依贝希社しゃ区く、墩巴格かく社しゃ区く、巴ともえ什喀群ぐん村むら、阿おもね亚克喀群村むら、古こ再さい村むら、阿おもね热木喀木村むら、木き尕库勒巴什村、卡尕村むら、吾われ斯塘吾われ其村そのむら、空そら喀麻扎村、库开仁じん村むら、阿おもね勒村、安代あしろ库勒巴ともえ什村、木き尕拉村むら、吐格曼阔恰村、英えい其格艾もぐさ热克村むら、喀日曼村、阿おもね斯廷乌依村むら、博ひろし斯坦村むら。
  10. ^ 2009年ねん统计用よう区く划代码和城じょう乡划分ぶん代だい码：木き尕拉镇 [2009 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Mugala Town] (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2020. 代だい码 城じょう乡分类 名称めいしょう 653226100001 121 昆こん仑社区く居い委い会かい 653226100002 121 建德けんとく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100003 121 团结社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100004 121 玉城たまき社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100005 121 吾われ斯塘贝希社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100006 121 艾もぐさ提ひさげ卡社区く居い委い会かい 653226100007 121 塔とう乃贝希まれ社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100008 121 墩巴格かく社しゃ区く居い委い会かい 653226100200 122 古こ再さい村むら委い会かい 653226100201 122 阿おもね热木喀木村むら委い会かい 653226100202 122 木き尕库勒贝希まれ村むら委い会かい 653226100203 122 喀尕村むら委い会かい 653226100204 122 阿おもね勒村委い会かい 653226100205 122 吐格曼阔恰村委い会かい 653226100206 122 安代あしろ库勒贝希村むら委い会かい 653226100207 122 木き尕拉村むら委い会かい 653226100208 121 巴ともえ什喀群ぐん村むら委い会かい 653226100209 122 阿おもね亚格喀群村むら委い会かい 653226100210 122 英えい其开艾もぐさ日び克かつ村むら委い会かい 653226100211 122 喀日曼村委い会かい 653226100212 122 阿おもね斯廷奥おく依よ村むら委い会かい 653226100213 122 吾われ斯塘吾われ其村そのむら委い会かい 653226100214 122 空そら喀麻扎村委い会かい 653226100215 220 库开仁じん村むら委い会かい 653226100216 220 博はく斯坦村むら委い会かい
  11. ^ 2009年ねん于田县行政ぎょうせい区く划 [2009 Yutian County Administrative Divisions] (in Simplified Chinese). XZQH.org. 6 January 2011. Retrieved 12 January 2020. 行政ぎょうせい区く划代码及城じょう乡划分ぶん代だい码 653226 于田县 653226100 木き尕拉镇 653226100001 121 昆こん仑社区く 653226100002 121 建德けんとく社しゃ区く 653226100003 121 团结社しゃ区く 653226100004 121 玉城たまき社しゃ区く 653226100005 121 吾われ斯塘贝希社しゃ区く 653226100006 121 艾もぐさ提ひさげ卡社区く 653226100007 121 塔とう乃贝希まれ社しゃ区く 653226100008 121 墩巴格かく社しゃ区く 653226100200 122 古こ再さい村むら 653226100201 122 阿おもね热木喀木村むら 653226100202 122 木き尕库勒贝希まれ村むら 653226100203 122 喀尕村むら 653226100204 122 阿おもね勒村 653226100205 122 吐格曼阔恰村 653226100206 122 安代あしろ库勒贝希村むら 653226100207 122 木き尕拉村むら 653226100208 121 巴ともえ什喀群ぐん村むら 653226100209 122 阿おもね亚格喀群村むら 653226100210 122 英えい其开艾もぐさ日び克かつ村むら 653226100211 122 喀日曼村 653226100212 122 阿おもね斯廷奥おく依よ村むら 653226100213 122 吾われ斯塘吾われ其村そのむら 653226100214 122 空そら喀麻扎村 653226100215 220 库开仁じん村むら 653226100216 220 博はく斯坦村むら

Further reading

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  • Baumer, Christoph. 2000. Southern Silk Road: In the Footsteps of Sir Aurel Stein and Sven Hedin. White Orchid Books. Bangkok.
  • Bonavia, Judy 2004. The Silk Road From Xi’an to Kashgar. Revised by Chrisoph Baumer. 2004. Odyssey Publications. ISBN 962-217-741-7
  • Hulsewé, A. F. P. (1979). China in Central Asia: The Early Stage 125 BC – AD 23: an annotated translation of chapters 61 and 96 of the History of the Former Han Dynasty. E. J. Brill, Leiden.
  • Latham, Ronald. 1958. The Travels of Marco Polo. Translated and Introduced by Ronald Latham. Reprint 1982 by Abaris Books, New York. ISBN 0-89835-058-1
  • Mallory, J. P. and Mair, Victor H. (2000). The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West. Thames & Hudson. London. ISBN 0-500-05101-1
  • Skrine, C. P. 1926. Chinese Central Asia. Methuen, London. Reprint: Barnes & Noble, New York. 1971.
  • Stein, M. Aurel 1907. Ancient Khotan: Detailed report of archaeological explorations in Chinese Turkestan, 2 vols. Oxford. Clarendon Press.
  • Stein, M. Aurel 1912. Ruins of Desert Cathay: Personal narrative of explorations in Central Asia and westernmost China, 2 vols. Reprint: Delhi. Low Price Publications. 1990.
  • Stein, M. Aurel 1921. Serindia: Detailed report of explorations in Central Asia and westernmost China, 5 vols. London. Oxford. Clarendon Press. Reprint: Delhi. Motilal Banarsidass. 1980.
  • Yu, Taishan. 2004. A History of the Relationships between the Western and Eastern Han, Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Western Regions. Sino-Platonic Papers No. 131 March, 2004. Dept. of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, University of Pennsylvania.
[edit]
  • 3000-year-old archaeological finds at Liushui Village, Yutian County [1]
  • Archaeological GIS and Oasis Geography in the Tarim Basin [2]
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