List of shoguns
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This article is a list of shoguns that ruled Japan intermittently, as hereditary military dictators,[1] from the beginning of the Asuka period in 709 until the end of the Tokugawa shogunate in 1868.[a]
Asuka / Heian periods (709–1184)[edit]
Note: there are different shogun titles. For example, Kose no Maro had the title of Mutsu Chintō Shōgun (
No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kose no Maro |
709 | ||
2 | Tajihi no Agatamori |
720 | 721 | |
3 | Ōtomo no Yakamochi (c. 718–785) |
784 | 785 | |
4 | Ki no Kosami |
788 | 789 | |
5 | Ōtomo no Otomaro (731–809) |
793 | 794 | |
6 | Sakanoue no Tamuramaro (758–811) |
797 | 808 | |
7 | Funya no Watamaro (765–823) |
811 | 816 | |
8 | Fujiwara no Tadabumi (873–947) |
940 | ||
9 | Minamoto no Yoshinaka (1154–1184) |
1184 |
Kamakura shogunate (1192–1333)[edit]
No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147–1199) |
1192 | 1199 | |
2 | Minamoto no Yoriie (1182–1204) |
1202 | 1203 | |
3 | Minamoto no Sanetomo (1192–1219) |
1203 | 1219 | |
4 | Kujō Yoritsune (1218–1256) |
1226 | 1244 | |
5 | Kujō Yoritsugu (1239–1256) |
1244 | 1252 | |
6 | Prince Munetaka (1242–1274) |
1252 | 1266 | |
7 | Prince Koreyasu (1264–1326) |
1266 | 1289 | |
8 | Prince Hisaaki (1276–1328) |
1289 | 1308 | |
9 | Prince Morikuni (1301–1333) |
1308 | 1333 |
Timeline[edit]
Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336)[edit]
No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Prince Moriyoshi (1308–1335) |
1333 | ||
2 | Prince Narinaga (1326 – c. 1337–44) |
1335 | 1336 |
Ashikaga shogunate (1336–1573)[edit]
No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ashikaga Takauji (1305–1358) |
1338 | 1358 | |
2 | Ashikaga Yoshiakira (1330–1367) |
1359 | 1367 | |
3 | Ashikaga Yoshimitsu (1358–1408) |
1369 | de jure 1395 | |
de facto 1408 | ||||
4 | Ashikaga Yoshimochi (1386–1428) |
1395 | de jure 1423 | |
de facto 1428 | ||||
5 | Ashikaga Yoshikazu (1407–1425) |
1423 | 1425 | |
6 | Ashikaga Yoshinori (1394–1441) |
1429 | 1441 | |
7 | Ashikaga Yoshikatsu (1434–1443) |
1442 | 1443 | |
8 | Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1436–1490) |
1449 | de jure 1474 | |
de facto 1490 | ||||
9 | Ashikaga Yoshihisa (1465–1489) |
1474 | 1489 | |
10 | Ashikaga Yoshitane (1466–1523) |
1490 | 1493 | |
11 | Ashikaga Yoshizumi (1481–1511) |
1495 | 1508 | |
(10) | Ashikaga Yoshitane (1466–1523) |
1508 | 1522 | |
12 | Ashikaga Yoshiharu (1511–1550) |
1522 | de jure 1547 | |
de facto 1550 | ||||
13 | Ashikaga Yoshiteru (1536–1565) |
1547 | 1565 | |
14 | Ashikaga Yoshihide (1538–1568) |
1568 | ||
15 | Ashikaga Yoshiaki (1537–1597) |
1568 | deposed 1573 | |
abdicated 1588 |
Timeline[edit]
Azuchi–Momoyama period (1568–1600)[edit]
The following were military dictators of Japan, de facto shoguns[citation needed] from 1568 to 1598. They unified the country, which at the start were a chaotic patchwork of warring clans.
No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
de facto shogun from |
de facto shogun until |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Oda Nobunaga (1535–1582) |
1568 | de jure 1575 | |
de facto 1582 | ||||
2 | Oda Nobutada (1557–1582) |
1575 | 1582 | |
3 | Oda Hidenobu (1580–1605) |
1582 | 1583 | |
1 | Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537–1598) |
1585 | de jure 1592 | |
de facto 1598 | ||||
2 | Toyotomi Hidetsugu (1568–1595) |
1592 | 1595 | |
3 | Toyotomi Hideyori (1593–1615) |
1598 | de jure 1603 |
From 1598 to 1600, the de facto shogunate was delegated to the Council of Five Elders.
Tokugawa shogunate (1600–1868)[edit]
No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543–1616) |
de facto 1600 |
de jure 1605 | |
de jure 1603 |
de facto 1616 | |||
2 | Tokugawa Hidetada (1579–1632) |
1605 | de jure 1623 | |
de facto 1632 | ||||
3 | Tokugawa Iemitsu (1604–1651) |
1623 | 1651 | |
4 | Tokugawa Ietsuna (1641–1680) |
1651 | 1680 | |
5 | Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (1646–1709) |
1680 | 1709 | |
6 | Tokugawa Ienobu (1662–1712) |
1709 | 1712 | |
7 | Tokugawa Ietsugu (1709–1716) |
1713 | 1716 | |
8 | Tokugawa Yoshimune (1684–1751) |
1716 | de jure 1745 | |
de facto 1751 | ||||
9 | Tokugawa Ieshige (1712–1761) |
1745 | de jure 1760 | |
de facto 1761 | ||||
10 | Tokugawa Ieharu (1737–1786) |
1760 | 1786 | |
11 | Tokugawa Ienari (1773–1841) |
1787 | de jure 1837 | |
de facto 1841 | ||||
12 | Tokugawa Ieyoshi (1793–1853) |
1837 | 1853 | |
13 | Tokugawa Iesada (1824–1858) |
1853 | 1858 | |
14 | Tokugawa Iemochi (1846–1866) |
1858 | 1866 | |
15 | Tokugawa Yoshinobu (1837–1913) |
1866 | 1867[a] |
Timeline[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b The Tokugawa shogunate came to its official end on 9 November 1867, when Tokugawa Yoshinobu "put his prerogatives at the Emperor's disposal" and resigned 10 days later.[2] This was effectively the "restoration" (Taisei Hōkan) of imperial rule – although Yoshinobu still had significant influence and it was not until 3 January 1868, with the Emperor's edict, that the Meiji Restoration fully occurred.[3] On that day, the Emperor stripped Yoshinobu of all power and made a formal declaration of the restoration of his power.[4]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "Shogun". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
- ^ "Meiji Restoration | Definition, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-08-21.
- ^ "One can date the 'restoration' of imperial rule from the edict of 3 January 1868." Jansen (2000), p. 334.
- ^ Quoted and translated in A Diplomat In Japan, Sir Ernest Satow, p. 353, ISBN 978-1-933330-16-7
- ^ Friday, 2007:108.
Bibliography[edit]
- Friday, Karl (2007). The First Samurai: The Life and Legend of the Warrior Rebel, Taira Masakado. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-76082-X.