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Shou Liang

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Shou Liang
壽ことぶき良りょう
Grand Prolonger of Autumn
(大長おおちょう秋あき)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
Monarch?
Inspector of Liang Province
(梁やな州しゅう刺史しし)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
MonarchSima Yan
Administrator of Xingping
(始はじめ平ひら太守たいしゅ)
In office
? (?)–? (?)
MonarchSima Yan
Registrar (主おも簿ぼ)
In office
264 (264)–? (?)
MonarchCao Huan
Gentleman at the Yellow Gates
(黃門こうもん侍さむらい郎ろう)
In office
? (?)–263 (263)
MonarchLiu Shan
Personal details
BornUnknown
Chengdu, Sichuan
DiedUnknown
Luoyang, Henan
Resting placeMount Mangdang, Henan
OccupationOfficial, scholar
Courtesy nameWenshu (文ぶん淑よし)

Shou Liang (fl. 250s–280s), courtesy name Wenshu, was an official and scholar of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. After the fall of Shu in 263, he continued serving under the Cao Wei state, then the succeeding Jin dynasty in 266.

Life

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Shou Liang was born in Chengdu, Shu Commandery (蜀しょく郡ぐん), which is present-day Chengdu, Sichuan.[1] His father and grandfather served as Administrator of Qianwei (犍為太守たいしゅ). In his youth, Shou Liang was well known alongside Zhang Wei (張ちょう微ほろ) and Fei Ji (費ひ緝) with both of them born in Wuyang, Qianwei Commandery (犍為郡ぐん), which is present-day Pengshan County, Sichuan.[2] Shou Liang specialized in the study of the Spring and Autumn Annals and had a complete understanding of Five Classics. Furthermore, he was a man of righteousness and integrity.[3] He served as a junior official, a Cavalier Attendant (散ち騎き) then Gentleman at the Yellow Gates (黃門こうもん侍さむらい郎ろう) in the State of Shu Han.[4]

After the Conquest of Shu by Wei, he was appointed as a county's Registrar (主おも簿ぼ) then as Official in Charge of Historical Records (上計あげ吏). Although, he was nominated as xiaolian (civil service candidate), he refused the appointment. Thereafter, he was reallocated as Registrar (主おも簿ぼ) of the Yi province, as Attendant Clerk (治ち中ちゅう) then as Bieja (別べつ駕が; important assistant to the governor of the province) where he was recognized for his talent and good behavior.[5]

Huang Fuyan (皇すめらぎ甫はじめ晏), the Inspector of Yi Province (益えき州しゅう刺史しし) recommended him to serve at the Three Departments as a Dazai (太宰だざい; high ranking official). Following this, he was appointed as Prefect of Bacheng (霸城令れい) and Administrator of Xingping (始はじめ平ひら太守たいしゅ) where his governance was highly praised.[6] He was reallocated as Inner Clerk (內史) of Fufeng (扶風) and Qin state (秦しん國こく).[7]

In 279, After the death of Wen Li. the Prefect of Wen County (溫ゆたか縣けん令れい), Li Mi sent a memorial to the Emperor that said: "The officials and scholars of Liang and Yi provinces are fews, those with talent not yet blooming and others living to look after their personal comfort. Shou Liang should be given this opportunity to join the imperial court, he is the hope of the two provinces. And fitting to meet the expectation of this promotion while carrying on Wen Li's legacy."[8]

Therefore, Sima Yan employed as Gentleman at the Yellow Gates (黃門こうもん侍さむらい郎ろう), simultaneously appointed as jishìzhong (給きゅう事ごと中ちゅう; "Serving within the Palace") and Inspector of Liang Province (梁やな州しゅう刺史しし).[9] Later, he was relocated to the imperial court to serve as Cavalier Gentleman-in-Attendance (散ち騎き侍さむらい郎ろう). He died while serving as Grand Prolonger of Autumn (大長おおちょう秋あき; "Empress chamberlain"). He was buried in the Mangshan (芒すすき山さん) Mountains in Luobei (洛らく北きた).[10]

Appraisal and anecdote

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Chang Qu, who wrote Shou Liang's biography in the Chronicles of Huayang (Huayang Guo Zhi),[a] appraised Shou Liang as follows: "Loyal and sincere, clearly wise and devoted to honesty."[11] Shou Liang was among the descendants of former Shu officials recommended by Luo Xian to Sima Yan to be employed. At the time, each of them were renowned.[12]

According to the Jin Shu, Chen Shou collected and compiled the writings of Zhuge Liang during his early career under the Jin dynasty. The compiled text was called Shu Xiang Zhuge Liang Ji (蜀しょく相しょう諸しょ葛かずら亮あきら集しゅう; Collection of the Shu Chancellor Zhuge Liang).[13] The Huayang Guozhi mentioned that later on, Zhang Hua proposed to Emperor Wu to have the text reorganized and composed as a 24-volumes. At the time, Shou Liang was also doing his own research on Zhuge Liang's works, with his outcome quite different from Chen Shou's original version. In the end, the text was rewritten, and became the Zhuge Liang Gushi (諸しょ葛かずら亮あきら故事こじ; Stories of Zhuge Liang).[14]

Zhang Wei

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Zhang Wei (張ちょう微ほろ), whose courtesy name, was Jianxing (建けん興きょう), was the son of Zhang Yi. He was earnest in his studies with good knowledge. He served as the Administrator (太守たいしゅ) of Guanghan (廣こう漢かん; around present-day Guanghan, Sichuan) during the Jin dynasty.[15]

Fei Ji

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Fei Ji (費ひ緝), whose courtesy name, was Wenping (文平ぶんぺい), was known for his integrity and conscientiousness in his duties. He was recommended as a xiucai (秀才しゅうさい; person who passed the county level imperial exam). Then appointed as Prefect of Licheng (歷れき城じょう令れい), Administrator of Fuling (涪陵太守たいしゅ) and transferred as Inner Clerk (內史) of Qiao State (譙国).[16]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Shou Liang's biography is recorded in the eleventh volume of the Huayang Guo Zhi, titled Biographies of later worthies (後ご賢志けんじ), covering the life of notable persons from the Sichuan region who lived during the Jin dynasty.

References

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  1. ^ (壽ことぶき良りょう，字じ文ぶん淑よし，蜀しょく郡ぐん成なる都と人じん也。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  2. ^ (父祖ふそ二に世せい犍為太守たいしゅ。良りょう少しょう與あずか犍為張ちょう「徵しるし」〔微ほろ〕、費ひ緝並知名ちめい，) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  3. ^ (治ち《春秋しゅんじゅう三さん傳つて》，貫通かんつう《五經ごきょう》，澡身貞さだ素もと。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  4. ^ (州しゅう從事じゅうじ，散ち騎き、黃門こうもん侍さむらい郎ろう。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  5. ^ (大同だいどう〔後ご〕，郡ぐん主ぬし簿ぼ，上計あげ「吏」〔史ふみ〕。察孝〔廉れん〕，不ふ就。州しゅう辟主簿ぼ，治ち中ちゅう、別べつ駕が，舉才行ぎょう。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  6. ^ (刺史しし皇すめらぎ甫はじめ晏貢之の三さん司つかさ，遂とげ辟太宰だざい。除じょ霸城令れい，始はじめ平ひら太守たいしゅ，治ち政せい著ちょ稱しょう。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  7. ^ (從したがえ扶風轉てん秦しん國こく內史。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  8. ^ (文ぶん立りつ卒そつ後ご，溫ゆたか令れい李り宓表武たけ帝みかど，言げん：「二に州しゅう人士じんし零れい頹，才さい彥淩遲おそ，無む復ふく廁豫綱紀こうき後進こうしん、慰寧遐外者しゃ，良りょう公こう〔在ざい〕朝あさ「在ざい」時じ，二に州しゅう之の望もち，宜むべ見み超ちょう「子こ」〔升ます〕，紹繼立つぎたて後ご。」) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  9. ^ (帝みかど徵ちょう為ため黃門こうもん侍さむらい郎ろう，兼けん二に州都しゅうと給きゅう事ごと中ちゅう，梁やな州しゅう刺史しし。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  10. ^ (遷散騎き常つね侍さむらい，按《陳ちん壽ひさし傳でん》，當とう作さく散ち騎き侍さむらい郎ろう。大長おおちょう秋あき，卒そつ。葬そう洛らく北きた芒すすき山やま。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  11. ^ (大長おおちょう秋あき壽ことぶき良文よしふみ淑よし：長ちょう秋あき忠ただし肅，明あきら允まこと篤あつし誠まこと。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 01.
  12. ^ ([泰やすし始はじめ]四よん年ねん三さん月がつ，從したがえ帝みかど宴えん于華林りん園えん，詔みことのり問とい蜀しょく大臣だいじん子弟してい，後ご問とい先輩せんぱい宜よろし時とき叙じょ用よう者しゃ，憲けん薦こも蜀しょく郡ぐん常つね忌き、杜もり軫、壽ことぶき良りょう、巴ともえ西にし陳ちん壽ひさし、南みなみ郡ぐん高だか軌、南陽なんよう呂りょ雅みやび、許もと國こく、江夏えなつ費ひ恭きょう、琅邪諸しょ葛かずら京きょう、汝なんじ南みなみ陳ちん裕ひろし，即そく皆みな叙じょ用よう，咸顯於世。) Xiangyang Ji annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 41.
  13. ^ (撰せん《蜀しょく相しょう諸しょ葛かずら亮あきら集しゅう》，奏そう之の。) Jin Shu vol. 82.
  14. ^ (華はな又また表ひょう令れい次じ定じょう《諸しょ葛かずら亮あきら故事こじ》，集しゅう為ため二に十じゅう四よん篇へん。時とき壽ことぶき良りょう亦また集しゅう，故こ頗不同ふどう。復ふく入にゅう為ため著作ちょさく。) Huayang Guozhi vol. 11. 08.
  15. ^ (「徵しるし」〔微ほろ〕字じ建けん興きょう，張ちょう翼つばさ子こ也。篤志とくし好學こうがく，官かん至いたり廣こう漢かん太守たいしゅ。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
  16. ^ (緝字文平ぶんぺい，清きよし檢けん有ゆう治ち幹みき，舉秀才しゅうさい，歷れき城じょう令れい，涪陵太守たいしゅ。遷譙內史。) Huayang Guo Zhi vol. 11. 13.
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