尤ゆう

See also: 尢 and ㄤ

尤ゆう U+5C24, 尤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C24 ← 尣 [U+5C23] CJK Unified Ideographs 尥 → [U+5C25]

Translingual

Han character

尤ゆう (Kangxi radical 43, 尢+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 戈ほこ大山おおやま (IKU), four-corner 4301₀, composition ⿺尢丶)

Derived characters

• 㕱, 㚭, 忧, 扰, 沋, 肬, 犹, 紌(𬘕), 蚘, 訧, 㞃, 䤞, 就, 駀, 魷(鱿), 尨むくいぬ, 𡯟, 𬡸, 𪨈, 疣いぼ, 𰀳, 𡰖

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 298, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7543
• Dae Jaweon: page 593, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 551, character 14
• Unihan data for U+5C24

Chinese

simp. and trad.		尤ゆう

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 尤ゆう
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (尤ゆう) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
尤ゆう	*ɢʷɯ
疣いぼ	*ɢʷɯ
肬	*ɢʷɯ
沋	*ɢʷɯ
訧	*ɢʷɯ
忧	*ɢʷɯs
蚘	*ɢʷɯː

Pictogram (象形しょうけい) – hand with a wart. Original form of 疣いぼ and 肬.

Etymology

Sino-Tibetan; compare Tibetan ཡུས (yus, “blame, charge, accusation”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yóu (you²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yù
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): iu²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iû

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iu⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yóu
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yóu
    • Wade–Giles: yu²
    • Yale: yóu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: you
    • Palladius: ю (ju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jau⁴
    • Yale: yàuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
    • Hakka Romanization System: iu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yiu²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯u¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yù
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iu^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yiu²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯u¹¹/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: iu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iû
    • Tâi-lô: iû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iuu
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iu²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iu²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iu¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iu²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iu²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iu⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iu⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: hjuw

Rime
Character	尤ゆう
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	云うん (35)
Final (韻いん)	尤ゆう (136)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	羽はね求もとむ切きり
Baxter	hjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiu/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuw/
Li Rong	/ɣiu/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəu/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yóu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	尤ゆう
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yóu
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə/
English	fault; even more
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	尤ゆう
Reading #	1/1
No.	15503
Phonetic component	尤ゆう
Rime group	之これ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	尤ゆう
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯ/
Notes	甲きのえ文ぶん象ぞう又また（手て）上うえ加か筆ふで指ゆび疣いぼ

Definitions

尤ゆう

1. fault; flaw
2. to fault; to blame

   效こう尤ゆう  ―  xiàoyóu  ―  to follow bad examples (literally, "to imitate the blameworthy")

3. (literary) strange; special; outstanding
4. (literary) especially; particularly; even more
5. a surname

Compounds

• 不ふ怨不尤ゆう
• 以儆效こう尤ゆう (yǐjǐngxiàoyóu)
• 勒尤 (lèyóu)
• 天生あもう尤物ゆうぶつ
• 尤ゆう人じん
• 尤ゆう其 (yóuqí)
• 尤ゆう悔
• 尤ゆう態たい／尤ゆう态
• 尤ゆう有ゆう甚者
• 尤ゆう殢／尤ゆう𣨼
• 尤物ゆうぶつ (yóuwù)
• 尤ゆう甚 (yóushèn)
• 尤ゆう異こと／尤ゆう异 (yóuyì)
• 尤ゆう至いたり
• 尤ゆう詬／尤ゆう诟
• 尤ゆう違たがえ／尤ゆう违
• 尤ゆう里さと西にし斯
• 尤ゆう金きん (Yóujīn)
• 尤ゆう雲くも殢雨／尤ゆう云うん𣨼雨あめ
• 忍しのぶ尤ゆう含詬／忍しのぶ尤ゆう含诟
• 怨天尤ゆう人じん (yuàntiān-yóurén)
• 怨尤
• 悔尤
• 愆尤 (qiānyóu)
• 拔尤
• 效こう尤ゆう (xiàoyóu)
• 殊こと豔尤態たい／殊こと艳尤态
• 殢雨尤ゆう雲くも／𣨼雨あめ尤ゆう云うん
• 殢雲尤ゆう雨う／𣨼云うん尤ゆう雨う
• 淑よし尤ゆう
• 無恥むち之の尤ゆう／无耻之の尤ゆう (wúchǐzhīyóu)
• 石いし尤ゆう風ふう／石いし尤ゆう风
• 競きおい相しょう效こう尤ゆう／竞相效こう尤ゆう
• 群ぐん起おこり效こう尤ゆう
• 蚩尤 (Chīyóu)
• 蚩尤戲おどけ／蚩尤戏 (Chīyóuxì)
• 蚩尤旗はた (Chīyóuqí)
• 起おこり而效尤ゆう
• 逢尤
• 離はなれ尤ゆう／离尤

 

References

• “Query for 尤ゆう”, in 臺灣たいわん閩南語ご常用じょうよう詞し辭典じてん [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Hokkien and Mandarin), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
• “尤ゆう”, in 漢語かんご多功たこう能のう字じ庫こ (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港ほんこん中ちゅう文ぶん大學だいがく (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

尤ゆう

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. reasonable
2. just
3. natural
4. superb
5. outstanding
6. plausible

Readings

• Go-on: う (u)
• Kan-on: ゆう (yū)^{←いう (iu, historical)}
• Kun: とがめる (togameru, 尤ゆうめる)、とが (toga)、もっとも (mottomo, 尤もっとも)、すぐれる (sugureru, 尤ゆうれる)
• Nanori: まさる (masaru)

Korean

Hanja

尤ゆう • (u) (hangeul 우, revised u, McCune–Reischauer u)

1. especially, particularly

Vietnamese

Han character

尤ゆう: Hán Nôm readings: vưu

1. (Rare) A Vietnamese surname