明あかり珠たま

Chinese

		clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty	pearl; bead
simp. and trad. (明あかり珠たま)		明あきら	珠たま

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): míngzhū

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ming⁴ zyu¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mìn-chû
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bêng-chu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: míngzhū
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: míngjhu
    • Wade–Giles: ming²-chu¹
    • Yale: míng-jū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mingju
    • Palladius: минчжу (minčžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ming⁴ zyu¹
    • Yale: mìhng jyū
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ming⁴ dzy¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ming⁴ ju¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɪŋ²¹ t͡syː⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mìn-chû
    • Hakka Romanization System: min^ˇ zu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: min² zu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /min¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bêng-chu
    • Tâi-lô: bîng-tsu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bengzw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: mjaeng tsyu

Rime
Character	明あきら	珠たま
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	明あきら (4)	章あきら (23)
Final (韻いん)	庚かのえ (111)	虞おそれ (24)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Closed
Division (等ひとし)	III	III
Fanqie	武たけ兵へい切きり	章あきら俱切きり
Baxter	mjaeng	tsyu
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠiæŋ/	/t͡ɕɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚiaŋ/	/t͡ɕio/
Shao Rongfen	/miaŋ/	/t͡ɕio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miajŋ/	/cuə̆/
Li Rong	/miɐŋ/	/t͡ɕio/
Wang Li	/mĭɐŋ/	/t͡ɕĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯ɐŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	míng	zhū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ming4	zyu1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*mraŋ  tjo/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	明あきら
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	míng
Middle Chinese	‹ mjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*mraŋ/
English	bright
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	明あきら	珠たま
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9188	17568
Phonetic component	明あきら	朱しゅ
Rime group	陽ひ	侯ほう
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	明あきら	朱しゅ
Old Chinese	/*mraŋ/	/*tjo/

Noun

明あかり珠たま

1. (literally) shiny pearl
2. (figurative) treasured person or thing; jewel; pearl
3. (archaic, Taoism) eye; eyes

Synonyms

• (pearl):

edit

• 珍ちん珠たま (zhēnzhū)
• 珠たま仔こ (Hakka)
• 珠子たまこ (zhūzi)
• 珠たま璣／珠たま玑 (zhūjī)

 

• (treasured person or thing): 寶貝ほうがい／宝たから贝 (bǎobèi)

Derived terms

• 仙せん露ろ明あかり珠たま
• 掌上しょうじょう明あかり珠たま (zhǎngshàngmíngzhū)
• 明あかり珠たま彈だん雀すずめ／明あかり珠たま弹雀
• 明あかり珠たま暗くら投とう (míngzhū'àntóu)
• 明あきら珠生たまお蚌
• 老ろう蚌出明あかり珠たま
• 薏苡明あかり珠たま

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (明あかり珠たま):

• → Japanese: 明あかり珠たま(めいしゅ) (meishu)
• → Korean: 명주(明あきら珠たま) (myeongju)
• → Vietnamese: minh châu (明あかり珠たま)