漆うるし

See also: 柒

漆うるし U+6F06, 漆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F06 ← 漅 [U+6F05] CJK Unified Ideographs 漇 → [U+6F07]

Translingual

Han character

漆うるし (Kangxi radical 85, 水みず+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 水木みずき人じん水すい (EDOE), four-corner 3413₂, composition ⿰氵桼)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 644, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18108
• Dae Jaweon: page 1053, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1716, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6F06

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (桼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
漆うるし	*sʰiɡ
桼	*sʰiɡ
膝ひざ	*siɡ
厀	*siɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *sʰiɡ) and ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : semantic 水みず (“water”) + phonetic 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ, “resin used to make varnish”). From earlier 桼 (OC *sʰiɡ, “varnish; lacquer”).

Etymology 1

trad.		漆うるし
simp. #		漆うるし
2nd round simp.		㲺
alternative forms		桼 溙

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-tsəj (“medicine; juice; paint”). Cognate with Jingpho tsì (“medicine”), Tibetan རྩི (rtsi, “juice; fluid; paint”), Burmese ဆေး (hce:, “medicine; potion; poison; paint”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qī, qù (qi¹, qu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧ, ㄑㄩˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qi²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cat¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): tit²

• Gan (Wiktionary): qit⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhit

  (Meixian, Guangdong): qid⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): qieh⁴
• Northern Min (KCR): chă̤
• Eastern Min (BUC): chék
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhat / chhit

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁴

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷chiq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qi⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qī
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ci
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi¹
    • Yale: chī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chi
    • Palladius: ци (ci)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qù
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyù
    • Wade–Giles: chʻü⁴
    • Yale: chyù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiuh
    • Palladius: цюй (cjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: qi²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ki
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cat¹
    • Yale: chāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: ced¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐt̚⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: tit²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰit̚⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: qit⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰit̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhit
    • Hakka Romanization System: qid^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: qid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: qid⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qieh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chă̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chék
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛiʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhat
    • Tâi-lô: tshat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhad
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰat̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhit
    • Tâi-lô: tshit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chid
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰit̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰit̚³²/

Note:

• chhat - vernacular (“paint; to paint”);
• chhit - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cag⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshak
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷chiq
    • MiniDict: chih^入いれ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴qiq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕʰiɪʔ⁵⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: qi⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshit

Rime
Character	漆うるし
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	清きよし (14)
Final (韻いん)	質しつ (48)
Tone (調しらべ)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	親おや吉よし切きり
Baxter	tshit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰjet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰit̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰiĕt̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰĭĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰi̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cat1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]i[t]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰiɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	漆うるし
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshit ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]i[t]/
English	varnish tree
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	漆うるし
Reading #	1/1
No.	9926
Phonetic component	桼
Rime group	質しつ
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	七なな
Old Chinese	/*sʰiɡ/

Definitions

漆うるし

1. lacquer tree; varnish tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum)
2. paint; lacquer; varnish
3. to paint; to varnish
4. (literary) black; dark
5. Name of several rivers.
6. a surname

Synonyms

• (lacquer tree): 漆うるし樹じゅ／漆うるし树 (qīshù)
• (to paint): 塗ぬり漆うるし／涂漆 (túqī)

Compounds

• 一團いちだん漆黑しっこく／一いち团漆黑くろ (yītuánqīhēi)
• 亮あきら光こう漆うるし
• 亮あきら漆うるし
• 似に漆うるし如膠／似に漆うるし如胶
• 吞炭漆うるし身み
• 噴漆／喷漆 (pēnqī)
• 噴漆器き／喷漆器き
• 填はま漆うるし
• 夜光やこう漆うるし
• 大だい漆うるし
• 如膠似に漆うるし／如胶似に漆うるし (rújiāosìqī)
• 如膠如漆／如胶如漆
• 如膠投とう漆うるし／如胶投とう漆うるし
• 底そこ漆うるし (dǐqī)
• 建けん漆うるし
• 朱しゅ漆うるし (zhūqī)
• 柿かき漆うるし
• 楚すわえ漆器しっき
• 歙漆阿おもね膠にかわ／歙漆阿おもね胶
• 水泥みどろ漆うるし
• 水みず粉こ漆うるし
• 油あぶら漆うるし (yóuqī)
• 油あぶら漆うるし匠たくみ
• 洋よう乾漆かんしつ／洋よう干ひ漆うるし
• 漆うるし匠たくみ
• 漆器しっき (qīqì)
• 漆器しっき雕
• 漆うるし宅たく
• 漆うるし工こう
• 漆うるし布ぬの
• 漆うるし書しょ／漆うるし书 (qīshū)
• 漆うるし桶おけ底そこ脫だっ／漆うるし桶おけ底そこ脱だっ
• 漆うるし樹じゅ／漆うるし树 (qīshù)
• 漆うるし毒どく疹
• 漆うるし畫が／漆うるし画が
• 漆うるし皮がわ
• 漆うるし皮かわ兒じ／漆うるし皮がわ儿
• 漆うるし砂すな硯すずり／漆うるし砂すな砚
• 漆うるし身み吞炭
• 漆黑しっこく
• 漆黑しっこく一いち團だん／漆黑しっこく一いち团 (qīhēiyītuán)
• 火ひ漆うるし (huǒqī)
• 烤漆 (kǎoqī)
• 瓷漆
• 生漆きうるし (shēngqī)
• 目め似に點てん漆うるし／目め似に点てん漆うるし
• 眼め若わか點てん漆うるし／眼め若わか点てん漆うるし
• 磨すり漆うるし畫が／磨すり漆うるし画が
• 罩漆
• 膠にかわ漆うるし／胶漆 (jiāoqī)
• 膠にかわ漆うるし之の情じょう／胶漆之の情じょう
• 膠にかわ漆うるし相しょう投とう／胶漆相しょう投とう
• 膠にかわ漆うるし相しょう融とおる／胶漆相しょう融とおる
• 蟲むし漆うるし／虫むし漆うるし
• 調合ちょうごう漆うるし／调合漆うるし
• 透明とうめい漆うるし
• 金きむ漆うるし
• 金きむ漆うるし馬ば桶おけ／金きむ漆うるし马桶
• 防水ぼうすい漆うるし
• 陳ちん雷かみなり膠にかわ漆うるし／陈雷胶漆
• 雕漆 (diāoqī)
• 雕花漆うるし彩いろどり
• 雷かみなり陳ひね膠にかわ漆うるし／雷かみなり陈胶漆うるし
• 鬢びん如漆／鬓如漆うるし
• 鬢びん髯ひげ如漆／鬓髯如漆
• 黑くろ漆うるし一いち團だん／黑くろ漆うるし一いち团
• 黑くろ漆うるし板ばん凳 (hēiqī bǎndèng)
• 黑くろ漆うるし漆うるし (hēiqīqī)
• 黑くろ漆うるし皮かわ燈とう／黑くろ漆うるし皮かわ灯とう
• 點てん漆うるし／点てん漆うるし

 

Descendants

• → Iban: chat
• → Zhuang: caet

Etymology 2

trad.		漆うるし
simp. #		漆うるし

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qiè (qie⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄝˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiè
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻieh⁴
    • Yale: chyè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
    • Palladius: це (ce)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/

Definitions

漆うるし

1. Only used in 漆うるし漆うるし.

Japanese

Kanji

漆うるし

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しち (shichi)
• Kan-on: しつ (shitsu, Jōyō)
• Kun: うるし (urushi, 漆うるし, Jōyō)
• Nanori: うる (uru)

Etymology

漆うるし (urushi): a traditional red lacquerware serving set.

Kanji in this term
漆うるし
うるし Grade: S
kun'yomi

Appears to be derived from Old Japanese root uru, as in terms such as classical Japanese 潤うるおう (urufu) → modern 潤うるおう (uruou, “to be moist”), うるうる (uruuru, “wetly, moistly”, adverb). Probably from the way that a lacquered surface glistens as if wet.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) うるし [ùrúshí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

漆うるし(うるし) • (urushi) 

1. lacquer, varnish
2. lacquer tree (Toxicodendron vernicifluum)

Descendants

• ⇒ English: urushiol

Korean

Hanja

漆うるし (eumhun 옻 칠 (ot chil))
漆うるし (eumhun 일곱 칠 (ilgop chil))
漆うるし (eumhun 삼갈 칠 (samgal chil))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

漆うるし: Hán Việt readings: tất

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.