鬱うつ

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See also: 鬰, 欝うつ, and 郁いく
鬱うつ U+9B31, 鬱
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B31
← 鬰
[U+9B30] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鬲 →
[U+9B32]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character[edit]

鬱うつ (Kangxi radical 192, 鬯+19, 29 strokes, cangjie input 木き木月きづき山さん竹ちく (DDBUH), four-corner 44722, composition ⿳⿲木き缶かん木き冖⿰鬯彡)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1458, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45671
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1990, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 858, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+9B31

Chinese[edit]

trad. 鬱うつ
simp. 郁いく*
alternative forms
 
鬰
欝うつ／郁いく
灪
宛あて
玉たま
鬰
欝うつ／郁いく
灪
宛あて
玉たま
𣠈
𣡇
𣡡
𣡸
𦉚
𩏴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 鬱うつ
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (鬱うつ) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鬱うつ *qud
欝うつ *qud
灪 *qud
爩 *qud

Originally ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 林はやし (“forest”) + 大だい (“person”) + 勹.

Now phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *qud) : semantic 林はやし (“forest”) + phonetic 𩰪 ().

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 鬱うつ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 影かげ (34)
Final (韻いん) 物もの (60)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Closed
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 紆物もの切きり
Baxter 'jut
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɨut̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔiut̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiuət̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔut̚/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiuət̚/
Wang
Li 		/ĭuət̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯uət̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wat1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 鬱うつ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjut ›
Old
Chinese 		/*qut/
English blocked; anxious

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鬱うつ
Reading # 1/1
No. 16057
Phonetic
component 		鬱うつ
Rime
group 		物もの
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		鬱うつ
Old
Chinese 		/*qud/

Definitions[edit]

鬱うつ

  1. lush; luxuriant; exuberant; dense; thick
  2. various; abundant; profuse
  3. deep; obscure; profound
  4. to gather; to stagnate; to become stagnant
  5. depressed; gloomy; moody
  6. melancholy; depression
  7. to begrudge; to resent; to feel aggrieved
  8. hot air (rising); steam
  9. a kind of plum
  10. name of a god
  11. tall and big
  12. putrid; putrefied
  13. tulip; fragrant grass
    alt. forms: 𩰪 (yù), 䖇 (yù)
  14. (～水みず) name for a branch of the Pearl River, including the You River, Yu River and the Xun River in Guangxi, as well as the Xi River downstream in Guangdong
  15. (～郡ぐん) name of an ancient Chinese prefecture
  16. a surname

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai
(extended)

欝うつ

Kyūjitai

鬱うつ

Kanji[edit]

鬱うつ

(common “Jōyō” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欝うつ)

  1. depression, gloom, melancholy

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Trivia[edit]

鬱うつ has, at 29 strokes, the most strokes of any kanji in the jōyō kanji list or kanji kentei level 2.[1] The next highest kanji in the jōyō list is 鑑かん, at 23 strokes.

Prior to the Japanese script reform, this character was handwritten as 欝うつ using 25 strokes, similar to how "令れい" is often written differently in handwriting. However, after the reform, the character was excluded from the official lists. In 2010, only the print form was included in the new jōyō kanji list, and it is today taught to be written like the print form instead of like 欝うつ .

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
鬱うつ
うつ
Grade: S
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
欝うつ

From Middle Chinese 鬱うつ (MC 'jut).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

鬱うつ(うつ) • (utsu) -na (adnominal 鬱うつ(うつ)な (utsu na), adverbial 鬱うつ(うつ)に (utsu ni))

  1. depressing
    鬱うつ(うつ)な曲きょく(きょく)
    utsu na kyoku
    depressing song
  2. depressed
    鬱うつ(うつ)な気き(き)分ぶん(ぶん)
    utsu na kibun
    gloomy mood
    鬱うつ(うつ)になりそう
    utsu ni narisō
    to be almost depressed about something

Noun[edit]

鬱うつ(うつ) • (utsu) 

  1. (psychiatry) depression
    鬱うつ(うつ)を克かつ(こく)服ふく(ふく)する
    utsu o kokufuku suru
    overcome depression

Synonyms[edit]

Affix[edit]

鬱うつ(うつ) • (utsu) 

  1. dense (growth); lush; luxuriant
  2. accumulate; stagnate
  3. depression; gloom; melancholy

References[edit]

  1. ^ Crazy kanji: what’s the highest stroke count?, Nihonshock, 2009 Oct 22
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 鬱うつ (MC 'jut).

Historical readings

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

鬱うつ (eumhun 답답할 울 (dapdaphal ul))

  1. Hanja form? of 울 (“stuffy; stifling; suffocating”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

鬱うつ: Hán Nôm readings: uất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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