丈たけ

See also: 𠀋 and 大だい

丈たけ U+4E08, 丈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E08 ← 万まん [U+4E07] CJK Unified Ideographs 三さん → [U+4E09]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

丈たけ (Kangxi radical 1, 一いち+2, 3 strokes, cangjie input 十じゅう大だい (JK), four-corner 5000₀, composition ⿻𠂇㇏)

Derived characters

• 仗 𡉋 𡚹 𢗆 扙 杖つえ 𤣸 粀 𧘓 𨥅 𠀋 㽴 吏 更さら
• 𭷹 𭶾 𮊨 𮩟 𭑢

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 76, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11
• Dae Jaweon: page 137, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 9, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4E08

Chinese

simp. and trad.		丈たけ
alternative forms		𠀋

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丈たけ
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Small seal script s01638 Transcribed ancient scripts L35087 L17509
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丈たけ) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
丈たけ	*daŋʔ
杖つえ	*daŋʔ
仗	*daŋʔ, *daŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 十じゅう (“ten”) + 又また (“hand”) – ten chi (尺しゃく) is one zhang (丈たけ). Similar but unrelated to 支ささえ.

Etymology

"gentleman, older man, husband"

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *zrjaŋ ~ rjaŋ (“uncle, superior”) (Schuessler (2007), STEDT; compare Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part, rise, raise, top, summit”)). Cognate with 尚なお (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) "upwards", Tibetan ཨ་ཞང (a zhang, “maternal uncle”), Burmese အရှင် (a.hrang, “master, lord”), etc.

"unit of measurement"

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan, compare Mizo ṭâng " kai (“to measure (v.), a measure (n.) from the tip of the middle finger from one side to a spot between the breast bone and the other side's armpit”) (Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhàng (zhang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄤˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zang⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoeng⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhong / chhông
• Eastern Min (BUC): dâung / diông / tiông
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tiūⁿ / tiōⁿ / tiǔⁿ / tiāuⁿ / tn̄g / tňg / tiōng / tiāng / tiǒng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): deng⁶ / ziang⁶ / diên⁶ / dion⁶

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶zan / ⁴dzan / ⁶dzan / ⁴zan / ⁶za / ⁴za / ⁶jian

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhàng
    • Wade–Giles: chang⁴
    • Yale: jàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: janq
    • Palladius: чжан (čžan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zang⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zoeng⁶
    • Yale: jeuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zêng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sœːŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhong / chhông
    • Hakka Romanization System: cong / cong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong⁴ / cong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dâung / diông / tiông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑuŋ²⁴²/, /tuɔŋ²⁴²/, /tʰuɔŋ²⁴²/

Note:

• dâung - unit of measure;
• diông/tiông - kinship term.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiūⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tiūnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dviu
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Yilan): /tiũ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /tiũ²²/
    • IPA (Philippines): /tiũ⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tiōnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvioi
    • IPA (Tainan): /tiɔ̃³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔ̃²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǔⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tiǔnn
    • IPA (Lukang): /tiũ³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiũ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tiāunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dviau
    • IPA (Penang): /tiãu²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tn̄g
    • Tâi-lô: tn̄g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dng
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tŋ̍²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tňg
    • Tâi-lô: tňg
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tŋ̍²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiōng
    • Tâi-lô: tiōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tiɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiāng
    • Tâi-lô: tiāng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diang
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiaŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiǒng
    • Tâi-lô: tiǒng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔŋ²²/

Note:

• tiūⁿ/tiōⁿ/tiǔⁿ, tn̄g/tňg - vernacular;
• tiōng/tiāng/tiǒng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: deng⁶ / ziang⁶ / diên⁶ / dion⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tṳ̆ng / tsiăng / tiĕⁿ / tiŏⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɯŋ³⁵/, /t͡siaŋ³⁵/, /tĩẽ³⁵/, /tĩõ³⁵/

Note:

• deng6 - unit of measurement;
• ziang6 - “to measure”;
• diên6/dion6 - “gentleman”.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zan
    • MiniDict: zan^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zã²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zã²³¹/
  • (Northern: Chongming, Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ⁴dzan
    • MiniDict: dzan^上うえ
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡zã²⁴²/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /d͡zaŋ¹¹³/
  • (Northern: Chongming, Changzhou, Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶dzan
    • MiniDict: dzan^去さ
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /d͡zã³¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /d͡zaŋ²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡zɑŋ¹¹³/
  • (Northern: Songjiang, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan)
    • Wugniu: ⁴zan
    • MiniDict: zan^上うえ
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /zæ̃²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /zã²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /zã⁴²/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /zã⁴²/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /zã²³²/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶za
    • MiniDict: za^去さ
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zɑ²³¹/
  • (Northern: Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan)
    • Wugniu: ⁴za
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /za⁴²/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /za⁴²/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /za²³²/
  • (Northern: Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ⁶jian
    • MiniDict: jian^去さ
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /d͡ʑiã¹¹³/

Note: za - as in "father-in-law", see 丈人たけと.

---

• Middle Chinese: drjangX

Rime
Character	丈たけ
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	澄きよし (11)
Final (韻いん)	陽ひ (105)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	直じき兩りょう切きり
Baxter	drjangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨɐŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɐŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiɑŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖɨaŋX/
Li Rong	/ȡiaŋX/
Wang Li	/ȡĭaŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯aŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoeng6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]raŋʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daŋʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	丈たけ
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhàng
Middle Chinese	‹ drjangX ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]raŋʔ/
English	ten feet
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	丈たけ
Reading #	1/1
No.	16836
Phonetic component	丈たけ
Rime group	陽ひ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	丈たけ
Old Chinese	/*daŋʔ/

Definitions

丈たけ

1. A unit of measurement.
   1. The zhang, a traditional Chinese unit of length equal to 10 chi (尺しゃく)
   2. The mainland zhang, a unit of length standardized in 1984 as 3 ¹/₃ meters.

      Synonym: 市し丈たけ (shìzhàng)

   3. The Taiwanese zhang, a unit of length standardized as 3 ¹/₃₃ meters, identical to the Japanese jō.
   4. The Hong Kong jeuhng, standardized as 3.71475 meters.
2. to survey (land); to measure
3. gentleman; man; husband

   丈たけ夫おっと  ―  zhàngfū  ―  husband

See also

• 尺しゃく (chǐ), 寸すん (cùn), 分ぶん (fēn)

Compounds

• 一いち丈たけ差さ九きゅう尺しゃく (yīzhàngchājiǔchǐ)
• 一いち丈たけ青あお
• 一いち落千丈たけ (yīluòqiānzhàng)
• 一いち跳とべ八はち丈たけ
• 丈たけ丈たけ
• 丈たけ二に金剛こんごう／丈たけ二に金きん刚
• 丈人たけと
• 丈人たけと峰ほう
• 丈人たけと行ぎょう
• 丈たけ八はち燈臺とうだい／丈たけ八はち灯台とうだい
• 丈たけ八はち蛇へび矛ほこ (Zhàng bā shémáo)
• 丈六じょうろく金きん身み
• 丈夫じょうふ
• 丈夫じょうぶ女おんな
• 丈たけ夫子ふうし
• 丈たけ室しつ
• 丈たけ母はは (zhàngmǔ)
• 丈たけ母はは娘むすめ
• 丈たけ莊そう／丈たけ庄しょう (Zhàngzhuāng)
• 丈たけ量りょう (zhàngliáng)
• 不ふ丈夫じょうふ
• 偉丈夫いじょうふ／伟丈夫じょうふ
• 光ひかり焰萬丈ばんじょう／光ひかり焰万丈ばんじょう
• 光芒こうぼう萬丈ばんじょう／光芒こうぼう万丈ばんじょう (guāngmángwànzhàng)
• 公おおやけ丈たけ
• 函はこ丈たけ
• 國くに丈たけ／国くに丈たけ
• 大丈夫だいじょうぶ
• 大だい八丈はちじょう
• 女丈夫じょじょうふ
• 女中じょちゅう丈夫じょうふ
• 姑しゅうと丈たけ (gūzhàng)
• 妹いもうと丈たけ (mèizhàng)
• 姊丈 (zǐzhàng)
• 姑しゅうと丈人たけと
• 姨丈 (yízhàng)
• 家いえ丈人たけと
• 小しょう丈夫じょうふ
• 尺しゃく水すい丈たけ波は
• 岳たけ丈たけ (yuèzhàng)
• 師し丈たけ／师丈 (shīzhàng)
• 席せき間あいだ函はこ丈たけ／席せき间函丈たけ
• 方丈ほうじょう (fāngzhàng)
• 方丈ほうじょう之の饌／方丈ほうじょう之の馔
• 方丈ほうじょう盈みつる前まえ
• 日にち高だか三さん丈たけ
• 清せい丈たけ
• 火ひ冒おかせ三さん丈たけ (huǒmàosānzhàng)
• 烈れつ丈夫じょうふ
• 百ひゃく丈たけ (bǎizhàng)
• 百ひゃく丈山じょうざん
• 百ひゃく丈たけ清規しんぎ／百ひゃく丈たけ清きよし规
• 百ひゃく丈たけ竿頭かんとう／百ひゃく丈たけ竿ざお头
• 眇すがめ小しょう丈夫じょうぶ
• 萬丈ばんじょう／万丈ばんじょう (wànzhàng)
• 萬丈ばんじょう深淵しんえん／万丈ばんじょう深ふか渊
• 萬丈ばんじょう竿頭かんとう／万丈ばんじょう竿ざお头
• 萬丈ばんじょう高樓こうろう平地ひらち起おこり／万丈ばんじょう高楼こうろう平地ひらち起おこり (wànzhàng gāolóu píngdì qǐ)
• 紅べに塵ちり萬丈ばんじょう／红尘万丈ばんじょう
• 老ろう丈たけ (lǎozhàng)
• 老ろう丈人たけと
• 蓑みの衣ころも丈人たけと
• 豪ごう情じょう萬丈ばんじょう／豪ごう情じょう万丈ばんじょう
• 賤丈夫じょうふ／贱丈夫じょうふ
• 雄心ゆうしん萬丈ばんじょう／雄心ゆうしん万丈ばんじょう
• 食前しょくぜん方丈ほうじょう
• 食味しょくみ方丈ほうじょう
• 黎はじむ丘おか丈人たけと

 

Japanese

Shinjitai	丈たけ
Kyūjitai	丈たけ󠄁 丈たけ+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	丈たけ󠄃 丈たけ+󠄃? (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

丈たけ

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō, Jōyō)^{←ぢやう (dyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちょう (chō)^{←ちやう (tyau, historical)}
• Kun: たけ (take, 丈たけ, Jōyō)、たき (taki, 丈たけ)、だけ (dake, 丈たけ)、はかる (hakaru, 丈たける)
• Nanori: たけ (take)、とも (tomo)、ひろ (hiro)、ます (masu)

Alternative forms

• 𠀋

Compounds

• 丈たけ(じょう)器うつわ(き) (jōki)
• 丈たけ(じょう)冊さつ(さつ) (jōsatsu)
• 丈たけ(じょう)室しつ(しつ) (jōshitsu)
• 丈たけ(じょう)尺しゃく(しゃく) (jōshaku)
• 丈たけ(じょう)丈たけ(じょう) (jōjō)
• 丈たけ(じょう)人ひと(じん) (jōjin)
• 丈たけ(じょう)席せき(せき) (jōseki)
• 丈たけ(じょう)度ど(ど) (jōdo)
• 丈たけ(じょう)匹ひき(ひつ) (jōhitsu)
• 丈たけ(じょう)夫おっと(ぶ) (jōbu)
• 丈たけ(じょう)量りょう(りょう) (jōryō)
• 丈たけ(じょう)六ろく(ろく) (jōroku)
• 盈みつる丈たけ
• 岳たけ(がく)丈たけ(じょう) (gakujō)
• 函はこ(かん)丈たけ(じょう) (kanjō)
• 気き(き)丈たけ(じょう) (kijō)
• 称しょう丈たけ
• 尋ひろ(じん)丈たけ(じょう) (jinjō)
• 千せん(せん)丈たけ(じょう) (senjō)
• 万まん(ばん)丈たけ(じょう) (banjō)
• 方ほう(ほう)丈たけ(じょう) (hōjō)
• 袤丈
• 老ろう(ろう)丈たけ(じょう) (rōjō)

 

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 丈たけ (MC drjangX).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) じょー [jóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑo̞ː]

Noun

丈たけ(じょう) • (jō) ^{←ぢやう (dyau)?}

1. jō, a traditional Japanese unit of length based on 10 shaku, standardized as equal to 3+¹⁄₃₃ meters.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
丈たけ
たけ Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
長なが

⟨take₂⟩ → /takje/ → /take/

Cognate with 高こう (taka, “height”), 高たかい (takai, “high”), and 長たける (takeru, “to be high”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) たけ [tàkéꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ta̠ke̞]

Noun

丈たけ(たけ) • (take) 

1. height
   • 970–999, Utsubo Monogatari, page Toshikage:

     言げんひ教きょうふる事ごともなくておほし立りつつるに、年としにもあはず、丈たけ高たかく心しん賢かしこし。

     His wife, a princess of the blood, bore him a son, who proved to be clever by nature, and grew up into a boy of superior mien and disposition.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
丈たけ
だけ Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 丈たけ – see the following entry.

【だけ】 [particle] in a negative, limiting sense: only, just, limit [particle] in a positive, non-limiting sense: amount, as much as

(This term, 丈たけ, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Usage notes

• This term is often spelled in hiragana. The kanji spelling is rarely used.

Etymology 4

Proper noun

丈たけ(じょう) • (Jō) ^{←ぢやう (Dyau)?}

1. a male given name

Compounds

• はちじょう (hachijō)

References

• Kōno, Tama (c. 970–999) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 10: Utsubo Monogatari 1 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1959, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

丈たけ (eumhun 어른 장 (eoreun jang))

1. A unit of measurement equal to the Chinese zhang

References

• Naver Hanja Dictionary: 丈たけ

Vietnamese

Han character

丈たけ: Hán Việt readings: trượng
丈たけ: Nôm readings: trượng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation