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Wiktionary

量りょう

量りょう U+91CF, 量
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91CF
← 野の
[U+91CE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 釐 →
[U+91D0]
量 U+F97E, 量
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F97E
← 諒
[U+F97D] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 勵 →
[U+F97F]

Translingual

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Han character

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Stroke order
 
Stroke order (Taiwan)
 

量りょう (Kangxi radical 166, 里さと+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日ひ一いち田土たど (AMWG), four-corner 60104, composition ⿱旦だん里さと)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1292, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40138
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1794, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3683, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+91CF

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 量りょう
2nd round simp. 𰅊
alternative forms 𣊹
𨤥
𨤦
 
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 量りょう
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (量りょう) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
糧かて *raŋ
量りょう *raŋ, *raŋs

Inconclusive. In the oracle bone and bronze scripts, the most common form was 日ひ (“sun”) + 東ひがし (“bag; east”). Here are a few proposed interpretations as an ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) :

  • 日ひ was sometimes replaced with 田た, so Qiu Xigui thinks that it may be the original character of 糧かて (OC *raŋ, “grain field”).
  • Yu Xingwu interprets it as measuring something under the sun.
  • Guo Moruo interprets it as the sun rising in the east – original character of 亮あきら (OC *raŋs).

Shuowen interprets this as a phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *raŋ, *raŋs) : phonetic 曏 (OC *qʰjaŋʔ, *qʰjaŋs, *qʰaŋʔ, *qʰaŋs) + 重おも (“weight; heavy”).

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)raŋ (“to count, to measure”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Cognate to Tibetan བགྲང (bgrang, “to count”), Khaling ʾkhran-ne, Burmese ခြင် (hkrang, “to measure capacity”), Nusu xɹɯ³¹ (“to count”).

Pronunciation 2 is possibly a *-s suffixed exopassive derivation of Pronunciation 1; thus it means "what is measured → a measure" and is cognate to Tibetan གྲངས (grangs, “number”) (see also Unger (1983))

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • niû/niô͘ - vernacular;
  • liông/liâng - literary.
Note:
  • liang5 - literary;
  • nion5/niên5 - vernacular (niên5 - Chaozhou).
Rime
Character 量りょう
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲こえ) 來き (37)
Final (韻いん) 陽ひ (105)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 呂りょ章あきら切きり
Baxter ljang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɨaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/liaŋ/
Wang
Li 		/lĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		liáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		loeng4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 量りょう
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		liáng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]aŋ/
English measure (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 量りょう
Reading # 1/2
No. 8064
Phonetic
component 		量りょう
Rime
group 		陽ひ
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*raŋ/
Notes 甲きのえ金きむ文ぶん下した從したがえ東ひがし，
上うえ日ひ甲きのえ文ぶん作さく囗，
象ぞう估量りょう下した種たね範はん圍かこえ，
非ひ曏聲こえ

Definitions

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量りょう

  1. to measure
  2. to estimate; to evaluate
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 量りょう (“to measure”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 度ど
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 量りょう
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 量りょう
Harbin 量りょう
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 量りょう
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 量りょう
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 量りょう
Wanrong 量りょう
Xi'an 量りょう
Xining 量りょう
Xuzhou 量りょう
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 量りょう
Ürümqi 量りょう
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 量りょう
Guiyang 量りょう
Guilin 量りょう
Liuzhou 量りょう
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 量りょう
Yangzhou 量りょう
Cantonese Hong Kong 度ど, 量りょう
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 量りょう
Wu Shanghai 量りょう

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • niū/niō͘ - vernacular;
  • liōng/liāng - literary.
Rime
Character 量りょう
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲こえ) 來き (37)
Final (韻いん) 陽ひ (105)
Tone (調しらべ) Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 力ちから讓ゆずる切きり
Baxter ljangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/lɨaŋH/
Li
Rong 		/liaŋH/
Wang
Li 		/lĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		liàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		loeng6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 量りょう
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		liàng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljangH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]aŋ-s/
English measure (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 量りょう
Reading # 2/2
No. 8065
Phonetic
component 		量りょう
Rime
group 		陽ひ
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		亮あきら
Old
Chinese 		/*raŋs/

Definitions

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量りょう

  1. (historical) measuring vessel, such as the dou or hu
  2. measure; measurement; quantity
  3. capacity; volume
  4. (Buddhist logic) pramana
  5. (Southern Min) large steelyard
  6. to estimate; to approximate

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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量りょう

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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From Middle Chinese 量りょう (MC ljang); compare Mandarin 量りょう (liáng):

From Middle Chinese 量りょう (MC ljangH); compare Mandarin 量りょう (liàng):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
量りょう
りょう
Grade: 4
kan'on
 量りょう on Japanese Wikipedia

From Middle Chinese 量りょう (MC ljangH, “measure”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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量りょう(りょう) • (ryō) ←りやう (ryau)?

  1. volume, amount
    交通こうつう(こうつう)量りょう(りょう)
    kōtsū-ryō
    amount of traffic
    なかなかの量りょう(りょう)
    nakanaka no ryō
    a considerable amount
  2. (Buddhist logic) pramana
    比ひ(ひ)量りょう(りょう)
    hi-ryō
    pramana of Reasoning

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
量りょう
はか
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Cognate with 計はかり (hakari).[1]

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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量りょう(はか) • (haka) 

  1. progress

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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量りょう (eumhun 헤아릴 량 (hearil ryang), word-initial (South Korea) 헤아릴 양 (hearil yang))

  1. hanja form? of 량/양 (“volume; amount”)

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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量りょう: Hán Nôm readings: lường, lượng, nhân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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