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甲 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Wiktionary

甲きのえ

See also: 田た, 由ゆかり, 申さる, and 曱
甲きのえ U+7532, 甲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7532
← 由ゆかり
[U+7531] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 申さる →
[U+7533]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Alternative forms

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Han character

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See images of
Radical 102 甲きのえ

甲きのえ (Kangxi radical 102, 田た+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田中たなか (WL), four-corner 60500, composition ⿻日ひ丨 or ⿻囗十じゅう)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 758, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21725
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1167, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2525, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7532

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 甲きのえ
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
           
Characters in the same phonetic series (甲きのえ) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
笚 *ʔl'aːb, *ɡraːb
閘 *klaːb, *sɡreːb, *qraːb
鉀 *klaːb, *kraːb
甲きのえ *kraːb
胛 *kraːb
岬みさき *kraːb
押 *kraːb, *qraːb
玾 *kraːb
呷あお *qʰraːb
匣くしげ *ɡraːb
狎 *ɡraːb
柙 *ɡraːb
翈 *ɡraːb
炠 *ɡraːb
鴨かも *qraːb
庘 *qraːb

Pictogram (象形しょうけい) : a turtle shell. In the character 卑 it represents a fan held in hand.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 甲きのえ
alternative forms 𠇚
𡴌
𤰒
鉀／钾

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krap (“shell; shield”). Cognate with Tibetan ཁྲབ (khrab, “coat of mail; shield”). Perhaps related to 鞈 (OC *kuːb, *kruːb, “leather jerkin or cuirass”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kah - vernacular (“shell; plate armor; nail; the first of the ten heavenly stems; number one”);
  • kap - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 甲きのえ 甲きのえ (指ゆび甲きのえ)
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕia²¹⁴/ /t͡ɕia⁰/
Harbin /t͡ɕia²¹³/ /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/ /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/
Jinan /t͡ɕia²¹³/ /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕia²⁴/ /t͡ɕia²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕia²¹/ /t͡ɕia²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/ /t͡sz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕia¹³/ /t͡ɕia¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕia¹³/ /t͡ɕia³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕia⁵¹/ /t͡ɕia²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕia²¹³/ /ka²¹³/ 舊きゅう
/t͡ɕia²¹³/ 新しん
Chengdu /t͡ɕia³¹/ /t͡ɕia³¹/
Guiyang /t͡ɕia²¹/ /t͡ɕia²¹/
Kunming /t͡ɕia̠³¹/ /t͡ɕia̠³¹/
Nanjing /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕiɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiaʔ²/ /t͡ɕiaʔ²/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/ /t͡ɕiʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/ /t͡ɕiaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕiaʔ⁵/ /kʰaʔ⁵/
Suzhou /kaʔ⁵/ /kaʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕiɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ka²¹³/ /ka²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kaʔ²¹/ /kaʔ²¹/
Tunxi /kɔ⁵/ /kɔ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕia²⁴/
/ka²⁴/ 		/t͡ɕia²⁴/
/ka²⁴/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕiɒ²⁴/ /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kaʔ⁵/ /kaʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kap̚¹/ /kap̚¹/
Taoyuan /kɑp̚²²/ /kɑp̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kap̚³/ /kap̚³/
Nanning /kap̚³³/ /kɛp̚³³/
Hong Kong /kap̚³/ /kap̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kap̚³²/
/kaʔ³²/ 		/kap̚³²/
/kaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kɑʔ²³/ /kɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ka²⁴/ /ka²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kaʔ²/ /kaʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ka⁵⁵/ /ka⁵⁵/
Rime
Character 甲きのえ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 見み (28)
Final (韻いん) 狎 (150)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) II
Fanqie 古ふる狎切きり
Baxter kaep
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠap̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚap̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kap̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kaɨp̚/
Li
Rong 		/kap̚/
Wang
Li 		/kap̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kap̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jia
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gaap3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 甲きのえ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jiǎ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kæp ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ˁr[a]p/
English 1st heavenly stem; fingernail

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 甲きのえ
Reading # 1/1
No. 5931
Phonetic
component 		甲きのえ
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		甲きのえ
Old
Chinese 		/*kraːb/
Notes 甲きのえ金きむ文ぶん作さく十じゅう或ある田た，
象ぞう龜かめ甲きのえ裂きれ紋もん

Definitions

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甲きのえ

  1. shell; carapace
  2. plate armor
  3. nail (plate at the end of fingers and toes)
  4. the first of the ten heavenly stems
  5. number one; first; A
    中国ちゅうごく足あし球だま协会甲きのえ级联赛 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    zhōngguó zúqiú xiéhuì jiǎjí liánsài [Pinyin]
    Chinese Football Association League 1
  6. pronoun for an unspecified or unknown person or thing
  7. a surname
Coordinate terms
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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Thai: กาบ (gàap)
  • → Zhuang: gyap
  • → Old Turkic: qap

Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
 甲きのえ

Borrowed from Dutch akker (“field”) or morgen (“morning”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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甲きのえ

  1. (Taiwan) unit of land (area) measure, equivalent to 2,934 坪つぼ (píng) or 0.97 hectares,[2] roughly 2.1 acres

Etymology 3

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simp. and trad.
 甲きのえ
alternative forms 𢓜
徦
到いた

From 到いた (kàu).

Pronunciation 1

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Definitions
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甲きのえ (Southern Min)

  1. Used after a verb or an adjective and before a degree complement.
    講こう甲きのえ真しん好このみ／讲甲きのえ真しん好このみ [Hokkien]  ―  kóng kah chin hó [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to speak very well
  2. (Taiwan) to; until; to the extent
Synonyms
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  • (used after a verb or an adjective and before a degree complement): 得とく (dé)

Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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甲きのえ

  1. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Philippine Hokkien) very; really; badly
    今こん仔こ日び寒さむ甲きのえ。 [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
    kin-á-li̍t kôaⁿ kah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    Today's really cold.

Etymology 4

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Probably from 敢 (kám, káⁿ).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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甲きのえ

  1. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) how is it that; how could
  2. (Taiwanese Hokkien) since; as; now that; considering
Synonyms
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Etymology 5

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simp. and trad.
 甲きのえ

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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甲きのえ

  1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 佮 (kah, kap, “and; with”)

Etymology 6

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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甲きのえ

  1. (Southern Min) Alternative form of 共とも (kā)

Etymology 7

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Homophone of 假かり in Mandarin, from Hokkien pronunciation ké, from English gay.

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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甲きのえ

  1. (Taiwanese Mandarin) gay; homosexual

Compounds

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References

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  1. ^ Andrade, Tonio (2005) “Appendix A: Weights, Measures, and Exchange Rates”, in How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century, Columbia University Press, →ISBN.
  2. ^ “Entry #1857”, in 教育きょういく部ぶ臺灣たいわん台たい語ご常用じょうよう詞し辭典じてん (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

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Kanji

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甲きのえ

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
甲きのえ
こう
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 甲きのえ (kæp).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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甲きのえ(こう) • (kō) ←かふ (kafu)?

  1. carapace, shell
  2. something A
    1. first in rank
    2. instep or the back of the hand
    3. the first party

Proper noun

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

甲きのえ(こう) • (Kō) 

  1. the first of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天てん干ひ (tenkan), 十干じっかん (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲きのえ, 乙おつ, 丙へい, 丁ちょう, 戊つちのえ, 己おのれ, 庚かのえ, 辛からし, 壬みずのえ, 癸みずのと

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
甲きのえ
よろい
Grade: S
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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甲きのえ(よろい) • (yoroi) ←よろひ (yorofi)?

  1. armor

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
甲きのえ
かん
Grade: S
kan'yōon

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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甲きのえ(かん) • (kan) 

  1. treble range

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
甲きのえ
きのえ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

木き (Ki, “Wood”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄あに (e, “elder brother”)

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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甲きのえ(きのえ) • (Kinoe) 

  1. the first of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天てん干ひ (tenkan), 十干じっかん (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲きのえ, 乙おつ, 丙へい, 丁ちょう, 戊つちのえ, 己おのれ, 庚かのえ, 辛からし, 壬みずのえ, 癸みずのと

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 甲きのえ (MC kaep). Recorded as Middle Korean 갑〮 (káp) (Yale: kap) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもう字じ會かい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Compare modern Cantonese 甲きのえ (gaap3) and Hakka 甲きのえ (gab5).

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

甲きのえ (eumhun 갑옷 갑 (gabot gap))
甲きのえ (eumhun 첫째 천간(天てん干ひ) 갑)

  1. hanja form? of 갑 (“armor; shell”)
  2. hanja form? of 갑 (“the first of the ten heavenly stems; something A”)

Compounds

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Armor; Shell
The first of the ten heavenly stems; Something A

Noun

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Hanja in this term
甲きのえ

甲きのえ • (gap) (hangeul 갑)

  1. (in headlines) number one, thus the best
    "가성비甲きのえ" 획기적 상품 출시!
    "gaseongbigap" hoekgijeok sangpum chulsi!
    This innovative product is the best bang for your buck!
  2. (law) something A; the first party
    상기 乙おつ은 본 문서에 명시된 업무와 관련하여 甲きのえ에게 근로를 제공한다.
    sanggi eureun myeongsidoen eommuwa gwallyeonhayeo gabege geulloreul jegonghanda.
    The B (employee) indicated above will provide labour to A (employer) according to the tasks indicated in this document.

Usage notes

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  • A common convention in news headlines or legal documents, these particular senses are often written in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.

Antonyms

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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甲きのえ: Hán Nôm readings: giáp, giẹp, kép, nháp, ráp

  1. chữ Hán form of Giáp (“first of the ten heavenly stems”).
    Hypernyms: 天てん干ひ, 十干じっかん
    Coordinate terms: 甲きのえ, 乙おつ, 丙へい, 丁ちょう, 戊つちのえ, 己おのれ, 庚かのえ, 辛からし, 壬みずのえ, 癸みずのと
  2. chữ Hán form of Giáp (“a male given name”).
    武たけ元もと甲かぶと ― Võ Nguyên Giáp
  3. chữ Hán form of giáp (“armour; carapace; cycle of twelve years”).

Compounds

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