割
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 142, character 32
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2112
- Dae Jaweon: page 323, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 351, character 7
- Unihan data for U+5272
Chinese
[edit]trad. | ||
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simp. # | ||
2nd round simp. | ||
alternative forms | 㓣 ancient 𠛛 𠛷 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology
[edit]According to Schuessler (2007), from Sino-Tibetan and an area word. Externally, cognate with Tibetan འགས་པ ('gas pa, “to split; to break; to burst apart”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *kat ~ *kaat (“to cut”), whence Khmer កាត់ (kat, “to cut”) and Proto-South-Bahnaric *kat ("to chop; to cut"). Within Chinese, cognate with
On the other hand, STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-ra-t (“cut; slash”), to which
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): got3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kot
- Jin (Wiktionary): guah4
- Northern Min (KCR): gŏ̤
- Eastern Min (BUC): gák
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7keq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ge
- Wade–Giles: ko1
- Yale: gē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ge
- Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤ⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: got3
- Yale: got
- Cantonese Pinyin: got8
- Guangdong Romanization: god3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kot
- Hakka Romanization System: godˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: god5
- Sinological IPA: /kot̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: guah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuaʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gŏ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɔ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gák
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- koah - vernacular (“to sever; ”);
- kat - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /kɤ⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /ka²¹³/ /ka⁴⁴/ /ka²⁴/ /kɤ²¹³/ /kɤ²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /kɤ²¹/ | |
Jinan | /kə²¹³/ /ka²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /ka⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /kɤ²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /kɤ²¹/ | |
Xining | /ku⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /kə¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /kə¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /kɤ²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /kuo²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /ko³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /ko²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ko³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /koʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /kɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /kaʔ²/ |
Pingyao | /kʌʔ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /kaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /kəʔ⁵/ |
Suzhou | /kəʔ⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /kɑʔ⁵/ | |
Wenzhou | /kø²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /kɔʔ²¹/ |
Tunxi | /kuːə⁵/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ko²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /ko²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /kɵʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kot̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /kot̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɔt̚³/ |
Nanning | /kɔt̚³³/ | |
Hong Kong | /kɔt̚³/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kat̚³²/ /kuaʔ³²/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kɑʔ²³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kɔ²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kuaʔ²/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /kua⁵⁵/ |
- Middle Chinese: kat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə-kˤat/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kaːd/
Definitions
[edit]- to cut; to cut off; to sever
- to divide; to cut apart; to break up; to partition; to split
- 70th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "severance" (𝍋)
- to cut in self-harm; short for
割 腕 (gēwàn). - ⁜ (literary) to give up; to abandon; to reject; to discard
- (Mainland China Hokkien) to wholesale (of merchandise)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to allocate; to divide (property)
Synonyms
[edit]- (to divide):
- (to give up):
- 丟掉/丢掉 (diūdiào)
- 丟棄/丢弃 (diūqì)
割 捨/割 舍 (gēshě) (literary)屏 棄/屏 弃 (bǐngqì)廢棄 /废弃 (fèiqì)- 扔掉 (rēngdiào)
- 扔棄/扔弃 (rēngqì)
- 拋/
抛 (pāo) - 㧒捒 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 㧒捔 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 拋棄/
抛 弃 (pāoqì) - 捐 (literary, or in compounds)
捨去 /舍 去 (shěqù) (literary)- 捨棄/
舍 弃 (shěqì) - 揕捒 (Hokkien)
揚棄 /扬弃 (yángqì)- 摒棄/摒弃 (bìngqì)
- 擯棄/摈弃 (bìnqì)
- 擯除/摈除 (bìnchú)
- 擲捒/掷捒 (Hokkien)
放 捒 (Hokkien)放棄 /放 弃 (fàngqì)放生 (Singapore Hokkien)- 棄絕/弃绝 (qìjué) (literary)
犧牲 /牺牲 (xīshēng) (figurative)- 甩捒 (Hokkien)
- 甩掉 (shuǎidiào)
遺棄 /遗弃 (yíqì)離 棄/离弃 (líqì)
Compounds
[edit]不可 分割 - 交割 (jiāogē)
任 人 宰 割 (rènrénzǎigē)分割 (fēngē)切 割 (qiēgē)分割 區 /分割 区 切 割 機 /切 割 机 割 傷 /割 伤 (gēshāng)割 價 /割 价割切 (gēqiē)割 包 割 包皮 (gē bāopí)割 取 割 和 青 割 喉 (gēhóu)割 地 (gēdì)割 尾 巴 割 席 (gēxí)割愛 /割 爱割 捆機 (gēkǔnjī)割 接 割 掉割 捨/割 舍 (gēshě)割 接 法 割據 /割 据 (gējù)割 斷 /割 断 (gēduàn)割 曬機/割 晒 机 割 棄/割 弃割 治 割 漆 割 炬割禮 /割礼 (gēlǐ)割 禾割 禾青割 線 /割 线 (gēxiàn)割 肉 (gēròu)割 肚牽腸 /割 肚牵肠割 股 (gēgǔ)割 股 療親/割 股 疗亲割 脈 /割 脉割 膠 /割 胶割 臂 之 盟 割 草 (gēcǎo)割 草 機 /割 草 机 (gēcǎojī)割 蜜 割 袍 斷 義 /割 袍 断 义割 裂 (gēliè)割讓 /割 让 (gēràng)割 除 (gēchú)割 雞焉用 牛刀 /割 鸡焉用 牛刀 (gējī yān yòng niúdāo)割 頸/割 颈宰 割 (zǎigē)封建 割據 /封建 割 据 (fēngjiàn gējù)心 如刀割 (xīnrúdāogē)忍 痛 割愛 /忍 痛 割 爱收 割 (shōugē)收 割 機 /收 割 机 (shōugējī)收 割 者 正 割 (zhènggē)氣 割 /气割- 氧割
聯合 收 割 機 /联合收 割 机 (liánhé shōugējī)- 臠割/脔割
自 割 鉛 刀 一 割 /铅刀一 割 - 閹割/阉割 (yāngē)
雙 曲 餘 割 /双 曲 余 割 難 割 難 捨/难割难舍餘 割 /余 割 (yúgē)黃金 分割 /黄金 分割 (huángjīn fēngē)
Descendants
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄜ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ge
- Wade–Giles: ko1
- Yale: gē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ge
- Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɤ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guà
- Wade–Giles: kua4
- Yale: gwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guah
- Palladius: гуа (gua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯ä⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]- Only used in
割 包 (gēbāo).
References
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | ||
Kyūjitai [1][2] |
割 割 or ︀ ?
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󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
󠄅 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit](Sixth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 割)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: かち (kachi)←かち (kati, historical)
- Kan-on: かつ (katsu, Jōyō)←かつ (katu, historical)
- Kun: さく (saku,
割 く, Jōyō); わる (waru,割 る, Jōyō); われる (wareru,割 れる, Jōyō)←わる (waru,割 る, historical); わり (wari,割 , Jōyō); きる (kiru,割 る) - Nanori: さき (saki)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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わり Grade: 6 |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- proportion
割 に合 わない ― wari ni awanai ― unfit for the proportion
- tenth
二 割 ― ni wari ― two-tenths
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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かつ Grade: 6 |
on'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Affix
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914)
漢和 大 辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 308 (paper), page 204 (digital) - ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927),
新 漢和 辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 228 (paper), page 126 (digital) - ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Miyako
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[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]
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Yaeyama
[edit]Kanji
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[edit]Yonaguni
[edit]Kanji
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