秒びょう

秒びょう U+79D2, 秒 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79D2 ← 科か [U+79D1] CJK Unified Ideographs 秓 → [U+79D3]

Translingual

Han character

秒びょう (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹たけ木き火ひ竹ちく (HDFH), four-corner 2992₀, composition ⿰禾少すくな)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 850, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24952
• Dae Jaweon: page 1274, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2593, character 12
• Unihan data for U+79D2

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (小しょう) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
觘	*sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
抄しょう	*sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
鈔	*sm̥ʰreːw, *sm̥ʰreːws
訬	*sm̥ʰreːw, *mewʔ
炒い	*sʰroːʔ
吵	*sm̥ʰreːwʔ, *mewʔ
耖	*sm̥ʰreːws
仯	*sm̥ʰreːws
眇すがめ	*mewʔ
渺びょう	*mewʔ
杪	*mewʔ
秒びょう	*mewʔ
篎	*mewʔ, *mews
妙みょう	*mews
玅	*mews
釥	*sm̥ʰewʔ
小しょう	*smewʔ
少すくな	*hmjewʔ, *hmjews
麨	*m̥ʰjewʔ
尠	*senʔ, *smos

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *mewʔ) : semantic 禾 (“cereal; grain”) + phonetic 少すくな (OC *hmjewʔ, *hmjews).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		秒びょう

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): miǎo (miao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄧㄠˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): miao³

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): miu⁵

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): miau⁴

• Gan (Wiktionary): mieu³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): miéu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): miau³

• Jin (Wiktionary): miau²
• Northern Min (KCR): miǎu
• Eastern Min (BUC): miēu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): biáu / bió

  (Teochew, Peng'im): miao² / miou²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶miau
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): miau³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: miǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄧㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: miǎo
    • Wade–Giles: miao³
    • Yale: myǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meau
    • Palladius: мяо (mjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: miao³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: miao
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miau⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: miu⁵
    • Yale: míuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: miu⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: miu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miːu̯¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: miau⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵐbiau²¹/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: mieu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miɛu²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: miéu
    • Hakka Romanization System: mieu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: mieu³
    • Sinological IPA: /mi̯eu̯³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: miau³
    • Sinological IPA: /miau³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: miau²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /miau⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: miǎu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miau²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: miēu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mieu³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: biáu
    • Tâi-lô: biáu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: biao
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biau⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /biau⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bió
    • Tâi-lô: bió
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bioir
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɤ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /bio⁵³/

Note:

• Taiwan:
  • biáu - literary;
  • bió - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: miao² / miou²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: miáu / mióu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /miau⁵²/, /miou⁵²/

Note:

• miao2 - Shantou;
• miou2 - Chaozhou.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶miau
    • MiniDict: miau^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³miau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /miɔ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: miau³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mi̯ɒu̯⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: mjiewX

Rime
Character	秒びょう
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	明あきら (4)
Final (韻いん)	宵よい (91)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	亡ほろび沼ぬま切きり
Baxter	mjiewX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/miᴇuX/
Pan Wuyun	/miɛuX/
Shao Rongfen	/mjæuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miawX/
Li Rong	/miɛuX/
Wang Li	/mĭɛuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/mi̯ɛuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	miǎo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	miu5

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*mewʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	秒びょう
Reading #	1/1
No.	13698
Phonetic component	小しょう
Rime group	宵よい
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	眇すがめ
Old Chinese	/*mewʔ/

Definitions

秒びょう

1. (obsolete) awn; arista
2. (obsolete) tiny; minute; insignificant
3. (obsolete) tip; end; extremity
4. Classifier for time: second

   一いち天てん有ゆう86400秒びょう。  ―  Yī tiān yǒu 86400 miǎo.  ―  There are 86,400 seconds in one day.

5. Classifier for measuring an angle or latitude/longitude: second; arcsecond
6. (obsolete) unit of length equal to 0.0001 cun
7. (neologism, by extension) in seconds; immediately; instantly; at once

   秒びょう回かい  ―  miǎo huí  ―  reply instantly

   秒びょう刪／秒びょう删  ―  miǎo shān  ―  delete instantly

8. (neologism, by extension, of player, enemy, problem, etc.) kill, finish, solve, etc, instantly

   這道みち題だい用よう洛らく必達法則ほうそく秒びょう了りょう。 [MSC, trad.]
   这道みち题用よう洛らく必达法ほう则秒びょう了りょう。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè dào tí yòng luòbìdá fǎzé miǎo le. [Pinyin]

   You can solve this problem instantly using L'Hospital's rule.

Synonyms

• 秒びょう鐘がね／秒びょう钟 (miǎozhōng)

Compounds

• 位くらい元もと每秒まいびょう
• 分秒ふんびょう
• 分秒ふんびょう必爭／分秒ふんびょう必争 (fēnmiǎobìzhēng)
• 披秒
• 每秒まいびょう位い元もと數かず／每秒まいびょう位い元もと数かず
• 每秒まいびょう傳つて輸千せん位い元もと數すう／每秒まいびょう传输千せん位い元もと数すう
• 每秒まいびょう傳送でんそう位い數すう／每秒まいびょう传送位い数すう
• 每秒まいびょう千せん位い元もと數すう／每秒まいびょう千せん位い元もと数すう
• 每秒まいびょう千せん字じ節ぶし／每秒まいびょう千せん字じ节
• 每秒まいびょう千せん比ひ特とく
• 比ひ特とく每秒まいびょう
• 毫秒 (háomiǎo)
• 爭そう分ぶん奪だつ秒びょう／争そう分ぶん夺秒 (zhēngfēnduómiǎo)
• 秒びょう回かい (miǎohuí)
• 秒びょう差さ距 (miǎochājù)
• 秒びょう忽ゆるがせ
• 秒びょう殺ころせ／秒びょう杀 (miǎoshā)
• 秒針びょうしん／秒びょう针 (miǎozhēn)
• 秒びょう錶／秒びょう表ひょう (miǎobiǎo)
• 秒びょう鐘がね／秒びょう钟 (miǎozhōng)
• 米べい每秒まいびょう
• 讀秒／读秒 (dúmiǎo)
• 閏うるう秒びょう／闰秒 (rùnmiǎo)

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 秒びょう – see 藐 (“small; young; to look down on; to think little of; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 藐).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

秒びょう

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

1. second

Readings

• Go-on: みょう (myō)
• Kan-on: びょう (byō, Jōyō)
• Kun: のぎ (nogi, 秒びょう)

Compounds

• 秒びょう(びょう)速はや(そく) (byōsoku)
• 秒びょう(びょう)読(よ)み (byōyomi)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
秒びょう
びょう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) びょー [byóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [bʲo̞ː]

• Homophones: 眇すがめ, 廟びょう, 鋲びょう, 渺びょう

Noun

秒びょう(びょう) • (byō) ^{←べう (beu)?}

1. second (one-sixtieth of a minute; SI unit of time)
2. second (unit of angular measure)

Korean

Etymology

From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 묘 (myo) based on Middle Chinese 秒びょう (MC mjiewX).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	묘ᇢ〯 (Yale: myǒw)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰo̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [초]

Hanja

Wikisource

秒びょう (eumhun 초 초 (cho cho))

1. hanja form^? of 초 (“the SI unit of time, second”)
2. hanja form^? of 초 (“(geometry) a second of arc”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 초속 (秒速びょうそく, chosok)
• 분초 (分秒ふんびょう, buncho)
• 초침 (秒針びょうしん, chochim)
• 기초 (記き秒びょう, gicho)
• 매초 (每秒まいびょう, maecho)
• 윤초 (閏うるう秒びょう, yuncho)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

秒びょう: Hán Nôm readings: miểu, sao

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.