絆きずな

See also: 绊

絆きずな U+7D46, 絆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D46 ← 絅 [U+7D45] CJK Unified Ideographs 絇 → [U+7D47]

Translingual

Han character

絆きずな (Kangxi radical 120, 糸いと+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 女おんな火ひ火手かしゅ (VFFQ), four-corner 2995₀, composition ⿰糹半はん)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 921, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27376
• Dae Jaweon: page 1354, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3386, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7D46

Chinese

trad.		絆きずな
simp.		绊

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (半はん) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
半はん	*paːns
絆きずな	*paːns
靽	*paːns
姅	*paːns, *pʰaːns
拌	*pʰaːn, *baːnʔ
拚	*pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns
坢	*pʰaːnʔ
判はん	*pʰaːns
泮	*pʰaːns
頖	*pʰaːns
胖ゆたか	*pʰaːns
冸	*pʰaːns
牉	*pʰaːns
柈	*baːn
伴ばん	*baːnʔ, *baːns
叛	*baːns
畔ほとり	*baːns
袢	*ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *paːns) : semantic 糸いと (“silk”) + phonetic 半はん (OC *paːns).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bàn (ban⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pan⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bun⁶ / bun³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pan
• Eastern Min (BUC): buáng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): poàn / pòaⁿ / pǒaⁿ / poān / pōaⁿ
• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶boe / ⁵pe; ⁵boe / ⁶buon
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ban⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bàn
    • Wade–Giles: pan⁴
    • Yale: bàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bann
    • Palladius: бань (banʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: pan⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰan²¹³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bun⁶ / bun³
    • Yale: buhn / bun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bun⁶ / bun³
    • Guangdong Romanization: bun⁶ / bun³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /puːn²²/, /puːn³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pan
    • Hakka Romanization System: ban
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ban⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /pan⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: buáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /puɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poàn
    • Tâi-lô: puàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poaxn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /puan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puan²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pòaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: puànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pvoax
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /puã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /puã¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /puã²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǒaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: puǎnn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /puã²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poān
    • Tâi-lô: puān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poan
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /puan⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: puānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pvoa
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /puã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puã²²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶boe
    • MiniDict: boe^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³boe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bø²³/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁵pe; ⁵boe
    • MiniDict: pe^去さ; boe^去さ
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /pe⁵²³/, /bø⁵²³/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ⁶buon
    • MiniDict: buon^去さ
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /buõ¹¹³/

Note: ⁵pe (Suzhounese) - as in 絆きずな一いち跤.

• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: ban⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pan⁴⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: panH

Rime
Character	絆きずな
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	幫 (1)
Final (韻いん)	桓 (62)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Closed
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	博ひろし慢切きり
Baxter	panH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/puɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/puɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pwanH/
Li Rong	/puɑnH/
Wang Li	/puɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/puɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*paːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	絆きずな
Reading #	1/1
No.	244
Phonetic component	半はん
Rime group	元もと
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	半はん
Old Chinese	/*paːns/

Definitions

絆きずな

1. ^† fetter; shackle
2. ^† to fetter; to shackle
3. to trip; to stumble

   絆きずな手て絆きずな腳／绊手て绊脚あし  ―  bànshǒubànjiǎo  ―  to be in the way; to be a hindrance

   他た被ひ樹き根ね絆きずな了りょう一いち下か。 [MSC, trad.]
   他た被ひ树根绊了りょう一いち下か。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā bèi shùgēn bàn le yīxià. [Pinyin]

   He stumbled over the root of a tree.

   差さ點てん兒じ絆きずな了りょう我わが一いち跤。 [MSC, trad.]
   差さ点てん儿绊了りょう我わが一いち跤。 [MSC, simp.]

   Chàdiǎnr bàn le wǒ yī jiāo. [Pinyin]

   I tripped and almost fell.

4. to hinder; to restrain

   別べつ讓ゆずる日常にちじょう事務じむ把わ你絆きずな住じゅう了りょう。 [MSC, trad.]
   别让日常にちじょう事こと务把わ你绊住じゅう了りょう。 [MSC, simp.]

   Bié ràng rìcháng shìwù bǎ nǐ bànzhù le. [Pinyin]

   Don't get yourself bogged down in routine work.

5. ^† (figuratively) trap
6. (Eastern Min) to be annoying

   者もの儂わし野の絆きずな [Eastern Min, trad.]
   者もの侬野の绊 [Eastern Min, simp.]

   ciā nè̤ng iā buáng / [t͡sia³³ nˡøyŋ⁵³ ia³³ puɑŋ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]

   This person is really annoying

Compounds

• 使つかい絆きずな兒じ／使つかい绊儿 (shǐ bànr)
• 使つかい絆きずな子こ／使つかい绊子 (shǐ bànzi)
• 圉絆／圉绊
• 拘かかわ絆きずな／拘かかわ绊
• 拉ひしげ絆きずな著ちょ／拉ひしげ绊著
• 根ね絆きずな／根ね绊
• 無む根無ねなし絆きずな／无根无绊
• 牽絆／牵绊 (qiānbàn)
• 磕磕絆きずな絆きずな／磕磕绊绊
• 籠かご絆きずな／笼绊
• 絆きずな住じゅう／绊住
• 絆きずな倒たおせ／绊倒 (bàndǎo)
• 絆きずな惹／绊惹
• 紲きずな絆きずな／绁绊
• 絆きずな翻こぼし／绊翻 (bànfān)
• 絆きずな腳／绊脚
• 絆きずな腳石／绊脚石せき (bànjiǎoshí)
• 絆きずな跌／绊跌 (bàndiē)
• 絆きずな跤／绊跤
• 絆きずな馬ば坑あな／绊马坑あな
• 絆きずな馬ば索さく／绊马索さく (bànmǎsuǒ)
• 絆きずな驥／绊骥
• 繼つぎ絆きずな／继绊
• 纏まとい絆きずな／缠绊
• 羈心絆きずな意い／羁心绊意
• 羈絆きはん／羁绊 (jībàn)
• 跌腳絆きずな手しゅ／跌脚绊手
• 踢腳絆きずな手しゅ／踢脚绊手
• 鈕ぼたん絆きずな／钮绊

 

References

• “絆きずな”, in 漢語かんご多功たこう能のう字じ庫こ (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港ほんこん中ちゅう文ぶん大學だいがく (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

絆きずな

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. ties, bonds
2. fetters

Readings

• Go-on: はん (han)
• Kan-on: はん (han)
• Kan’yō-on: ばん (ban)
• Kun: きずな (kizuna, 絆きずな)^{←きづな (kiduna, 絆きずな, historical)}、つなぐ (tsunagu, 絆きずなぐ)、ほだされる (hodasareru, 絆ほだされる)、ほだす (hodasu, 絆きずなす)

Compounds

Compounds

• 絆創膏ばんそうこう(ばんそうこう) (bansōkō, “adhesive bandage, band-aid”)
• 羈絆きはん(きはん) (kihan, “bond; fetter”)
• 脚絆きゃはん(きゃはん) (kyahan, “gaiters, leggings”)

Etymology 1

絆きずな (kizuna): bond between people between family or relationship.

Kanji in this term
絆きずな
きずな Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

/kiduna/ → /kid͡zuna/ → /kizuna/

Likely from Old Japanese, first attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE).

The final -zuna is definitely from 綱つな (tsuna, “rope”), while the initial ki- remains uncertain.

The more positive connotation of "bond" is attested in The Tale of the Heike (c. 1330).

Alternative forms

• 紲きずな, 緤

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きずな [kìzúná] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) きずな [kíꜜzùnà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kʲizɨna̠]

Noun

絆きずな(きずな) or 絆きずな(キズナ) • (kizuna) ^{←きづな (kiduna)?}

1. a bond (emotional link or connection), tie
   • 1985 August 20, Taeko Watanabe, “第だい(だい)四よん十じゅう六ろく話はなし(わ)　時とき(とき)の絆きずな(きずな)　Ⅲ [Chapter 46: The Bond of Time Ⅲ]”, in ファミリー！ [Family!], volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 183:

     ７年とし(ねん)後のち(ご)　キムは16になる　ハービィが望もち(のぞ)んだように　父ちち(ちち)と娘むすめ(むすめ)の絆きずな(きずな)はその時とき(じ)間あいだ(かん)によって清きよし(せい)算さん(さん)されるのだろうか　そして　その後のち(のち)　新しん(あら)たにはじまる時とき(とき)は　ふたりの間あいだ(あいだ)にどんな絆きずな(きずな)を育いく(はぐく)むのだろう

     Nana-nen go Kimu wa jūroku ni naru Hābyi ga nozonda yō ni chichi to musume no kizuna wa sono jikan ni yotte seisan sareru no darō ka Soshite sono nochi arata ni hajimaru toki wa futari no aida ni donna kizuna o hagukumu no darō

     7 years later, Kim turned 16. The bond between father and daughter faded away with time, just as Harvey had hoped. But then, as time went on, something else also started to blossom in both of them. A different bond.

2. a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away; a fetter

Proverbs

• 浮(うき)世よ(よ)の絆きずな(きずな) (ukiyo no kizuna)
• 貧ひん(ひん)は菩提ぼだい(ぼだい)の種たね(たね)富とみ(とみ)は輪廻りんね(りんね)の絆きずな(きずな) (hin wa bodai no tane tomi wa rinne no kizuna, literally “poverty is the seed of awakening, wealth is the fetter of rebirth”)

Proper noun

絆きずな(きずな) • (Kizuna) ^{←きづな (kiduna)?}

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
絆きずな
ほだし Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
絆きずなし

/podasi/ → /fodaɕi/ → /hodaɕi/

From Old Japanese.

The 連用形れんようけい (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 絆きずなす (hodasu, “to tie something up, such as a horse, as not to get away”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほだし [hòdáshí] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) ほだし [hòdáshíꜜ] (Odaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [ho̞da̠ɕi]

Noun

絆きずな(ほだし) • (hodashi) 

1. what binds human mind and behavior from freedom; an obstacle to freedom (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
2. a rope used to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away
3. fetters, shackles

   Alternative form: ほだ (hoda)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
絆きずな
ふもだし Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

⟨pumi₁ podasi⟩ → /pumodasi/ → /fumodaɕi/

Compound of 踏ふみ (fumi), the 連用形れんようけい (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 踏ふむ (fumu, “to step, tread”) + 絆きずな (hodashi, “rope to bind a horse, for example, as not to get away”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟mo̞da̠ɕi]

Noun

絆きずな(ふもだし) • (fumodashi) 

1. a rope used to bind a horse's foot, as not to get away; a fetter

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 絆きずな (MC panH).

Hanja

絆きずな (eumhun 얽어맬 반 (eolgeomael ban))

1. hanja form^? of 반 (“bond”)

Compounds

• 반창고 (絆きずな瘡かさ膏あぶら, banchanggo, “band-aid”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [2]

Vietnamese

Chữ Hán

絆きずな: Hán Nôm readings: bận

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.