RNA世界 學說
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/RNA-comparedto-DNA_thymineAndUracilCorrected.png/300px-RNA-comparedto-DNA_thymineAndUracilCorrected.png)
RNA
1960
歷史
[而最
RNA的 屬性
[RNA
RNA作為 酶
[具有 自我 複製 的 能力 ,或 複製 其它的 RNA分子 。在 實驗 室 中 ,一 些較短 的 RNA已 證明 可 以複製 其它RNA。其中最短 的 為 165-鹼基長 ,但 據 估計只 有 其中的 一部分參與了複製功能。- 催化
簡單 化學 反應 的 能力 ——即 RNA分子 能 通過 摺 疊 形成 催化中心 。在 實驗 室 中 ,一些相對較短的RNA分子 已 具有 該能力 [20][21]。 在 RNA的 3'-端 結合 氨基酸 的 能力 ,以使用 其側鏈基團 的 化學 性質 [22]。- 催化肽鍵
形成 的 能力 ,以生成 短 肽乃至 更 長 的 蛋白質 。這一任務在現代的細胞中由核 糖 體 完成 。核 糖 體 是 由 幾 個 RNA(稱 為 rRNA)和 一 些蛋白質 (稱 為 核 糖 體 蛋白質 )組成 的 複 合體 ,其中rRNA負 責 催化,核 糖 體 蛋白質 上 的 氨基酸 殘 基 都 距離 活性 位 點 的 18Å以上 [11]。在 實驗 室 中 合成 了 更 短 的 能 催化肽鍵生成 的 RNA,這暗示 着 rRNA可能 由 更 短 的 RNA進化 而來[23]。它也表明 ,氨基酸 在 進化 出 複雜 的 肽鏈之 前 ,是 以輔因子 的 形式 參與 RNA的 反應 ,以提高 其活性 或 使 反應 更 多樣 化 。類似 地 ,tRNA在 作為 轉 運 氨基酸 的 載 體 之 前 可能 另有他用 [24]。
RNA作為 信 息 存 儲 介 質
[RNA
DNA和 RNA的 結構 比較
[RNA
RNA信 息 存 儲 的 局限 性
[RNA
RNA作為 調 控 物質
[當 前 難點
[![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Full_length_hammerhead_ribozyme.png/220px-Full_length_hammerhead_ribozyme.png)
RNA
「分子生物學 之 夢 」
[「
參看
[參考 文獻
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外部 連結
[- The RNA World Website
- RNA@IGIB group at the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology working on RNA Biology
- "Self-replication: Even peptides do it" by Stuart A. Kauffman from Nature 382 August 8, 1996.
- "The RNA world" (2001) by Sidney Altman, on the Nobel prize website
- "Exploring the new RNA world" (2004) by Thomas R. Cech, on the Nobel prize website
- "The Beginnings of Life on Earth" (1995)(
頁 面 存 檔備份,存 於互聯網 檔案館 ) by Christian de Duve in American Scientist Online