RNA世界 學說
RNA
1960
历史
[编辑]而最
RNA的 属性
[编辑]RNA
RNA作 为酶
[编辑]具有 自我 复制的 能力 ,或 复制其它的 RNA分子 。在 实验室 中 ,一 些较短 的 RNA已 证明可 以复制 其它RNA。其中最短 的 为165-碱基长,但 据 估计只 有 其中的 一部分参与了复制功能。- 催化简单
化学 反 应的能力 ——即 RNA分子 能 通 过折叠形成 催化中心 。在 实验室 中 ,一些相对较短的RNA分子 已 具有 该能力 [20][21]。 在 RNA的 3'-端 结合氨基酸 的 能力 ,以使用 其侧链基团的化学 性 质[22]。- 催化肽键
形成 的 能力 ,以生成 短 肽乃至 更 长的蛋白 质。这一任务在现代的细胞中由核 糖 体 完成 。核 糖 体 是 由 几个RNA(称 为rRNA)和 一 些蛋白 质(称 为核 糖 体 蛋白 质)组成的 复合体 ,其中rRNA负责催化,核 糖 体 蛋白 质上的 氨基酸 残 基 都 距离活性 位 点 的 18Å以上 [11]。在 实验室 中 合成 了 更 短 的 能 催化肽键生成 的 RNA,这暗示 着 rRNA可能 由 更 短 的 RNA进化而来[23]。它也表明 ,氨基酸 在 进化出 复杂的 肽链之 前 ,是 以辅因子 的 形式 参与 RNA的 反 应,以提高 其活性 或 使 反 应更多 样化。类似地 ,tRNA在 作 为转运氨基 酸 的 载体之 前 可能 另有他用 [24]。
RNA作 为信息 存 储介质
[编辑]RNA
DNA和 RNA的 结构比 较
[编辑]RNA
RNA信 息 存 储的局限 性
[编辑]RNA
RNA作 为调控 物 质
[编辑]当 前 难点
[编辑]RNA
“分子生物学 之 梦”
[编辑]“
参看
[编辑]參考 文獻
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- ^
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外部 連結
[编辑]- The RNA World Website
- RNA@IGIB group at the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology working on RNA Biology
- "Self-replication: Even peptides do it" by Stuart A. Kauffman from Nature 382 August 8, 1996.
- "The RNA world" (2001) by Sidney Altman, on the Nobel prize website
- "Exploring the new RNA world" (2004) by Thomas R. Cech, on the Nobel prize website
- "The Beginnings of Life on Earth" (1995)(页面
存 档备份,存 于互联网档案 馆) by Christian de Duve in American Scientist Online