劉
See also: 刘
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Translingual
editHan character
editDerived characters
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 144, character 39
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2224
- Dae Jaweon: page 325, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 359, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5289
Chinese
edittrad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. | 刘 | |
alternative forms | 𠞑 𠟁 𡭀 𠭱 鎦/镏 |
Glyph origin
editOld Chinese | |
---|---|
*mruːʔ | |
*mruːʔ | |
泖 | *mruːʔ |
茆 | *mruːʔ, *m·ruʔ |
奅 | *m̥ʰruːs |
窌 | *m̥ʰruːs, *m·ruː, *m·rus |
聊 | *m·rɯːw |
貿 | *mlus |
鄮 | *mlus |
*m·ru | |
*m·ru, *m·rus | |
蒥 | *m·ru |
鶹 | *m·ru |
騮 | *m·ru |
榴 | *m·ru |
瑠 | *ru |
*m·ru, *m·rus | |
遛 | *m·ru |
鎦 | *m·ru |
飀 | *m·ru |
*m·ru | |
嵧 | *m·ru |
餾 | *m·ru, *m·rus |
*m·ru, *m·ruʔ | |
懰 | *m·ru, *m·ruʔ |
*m·ruʔ | |
珋 | *m·ruʔ |
罶 | *m·ruʔ |
嬼 | *m·ruʔ, *m·rus |
*m·rus | |
霤 | *m·rus |
廇 | *m·rus |
塯 | *m·rus |
Phono-semantic compound (
Often written as
Etymology
edit- kill, slaughter
- Probably Sino-Tibetan; compare Tedim Chin gou⁵³ / gɔʔ¹¹ < rouh / rɔʔ/h (Schuessler, 2007).
- battle-axe
- (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From sense "kill, slaughter"?”)
- surname
- (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From sense "battle-ax"? Compare 粵/
越 "Yue peoples, state of Yue" from 戉 "battle-ax"”) - Two origins are recorded: from
劉 累 Liú Lěi, descendant of Emperor Yao and dragon-keeper of King Kong Jia of Xia; and from the Liu state (劉 國 ) ruled by Duke Kang of Liu, younger brother of King Ding of Zhou.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): niu2
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): liǔ
- Eastern Min (BUC): làu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): lao2 / liu2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6lieu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lióu
- Wade–Giles: liu2
- Yale: lyóu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liou
- Palladius: лю (lju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li̯oʊ̯³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: niu2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: liu
- Sinological IPA (key): /niəu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lau4
- Yale: làuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: lau4
- Guangdong Romanization: leo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɐu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: liu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /liu²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liù
- Hakka Romanization System: liuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: liu2
- Sinological IPA: /li̯u¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: liu
- Sinological IPA: /liu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: liǔ
- Sinological IPA (key): /liu²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: làu
- Sinological IPA (key): /l̃au⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: lao2
- Sinological IPA (key): /lau¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: liu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /liu¹³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
Note:
- lao2 - vernacular (incl. surname);
- liu2 - literary.
Note:
- lâu - vernacular (incl. surname);
- liû - literary.
- Middle Chinese: ljuw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*mə-ru/
- (Zhengzhang): /*m·ru/
Definitions
edit- (obsolete) a type of battle axe
- (obsolete) to kill; to slaughter
- From: The Book of Documents, circa 4th – 3rd century BCE
- Wǒ wáng lái, jì yuán zhái yú zī, zhòng wǒ mín, wú jìn liú. [Pinyin]
- Our king came, and fixed on this. He did so from a deep concern for our people, and did not wish to see them all being killed.
我 王 來 ,既 爰宅 于茲,重 我 民 ,無 盡 劉 。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]我 王 来 ,既 爰宅 于兹,重 我 民 ,无尽 刘。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (obsolete) to conquer
- (obsolete) to wither
- (~
國 ) State of Liu during the Zhou dynasty - a surname
Compounds
edit三 劉 /三 刘乾 劉 /干 刘二 劉 /二 刘何 劉 /何 刘依 劉 /依 刘依 劉 客 /依 刘客公 劉 /公 刘前 劉 海 /前 刘海前 度 劉 郎 /前 度 刘郎 (qiándùliúláng)- 剪劉/剪刘
劉 三 妹 /刘三 妹 劉 三 姐 /刘三 姐 劉 九 兒 /刘九儿劉 仙 掌 /刘仙掌 劉 伶病酒 /刘伶病 酒 劉 伶酒/刘伶酒 劉 伶鍤/刘伶锸劉 備失箸 /刘备失 箸 劉 全 進 瓜 /刘全进瓜劉 六 /刘六 (Liúliù)劉 參 軍 /刘参军劉 唐 下書 /刘唐下 书劉 四 罵 人 /刘四骂人劉 宋 /刘宋 (Liúsòng)劉 家 場 /刘家场 (Liújiāchǎng)劉 家 隔 /刘家隔 (Liújiāgé)劉 寄 奴 /刘寄奴 (liújìnú)劉 寵 一 錢 /刘宠一 钱劉 師 哥/刘师哥劉 店 /刘店 (Liúdiàn)劉 德 莊 /刘德庄 (Liúdézhuāng)劉 晏粟/刘晏粟 劉 村 /刘村劉 杜 /刘杜劉 柳 /刘柳劉 根 /刘根劉 棉花 /刘棉花 劉 毅 答 詔 /刘毅答 诏劉 氏 冠 /刘氏冠 劉 洞 /刘洞 (Liúdòng)劉 海 /刘海 (liúhǎi)劉 海 蟾/刘海蟾劉 猛 將軍 /刘猛将 军劉 猴/刘猴 (Liúhóu)劉 王 /刘王 (Liúwáng)劉 琨舞/刘琨舞 劉生 /刘生劉 白 /刘白劉 白 墮/刘白堕劉 盧 /刘卢劉 知 遠 /刘知远劉 石經 /刘石经劉 秀 /刘秀劉 窟 頭 /刘窟头劉 累 /刘累劉 綱 /刘纲劉 胡 /刘胡 (Liúhú)劉 蕡下第 /刘𰱟下 第 劉 表 牛 /刘表牛 劉 覽 /刘览劉 豫 州 /刘豫州 劉 賈/刘贾劉 連 /刘连 (Liúlián)劉 郎 /刘郎劉 郎 前 度 /刘郎前 度 劉 阮/刘阮劉 阿斗 劉 陸 /刘陆劉 隨 州 /刘随州 劉 集 /刘集 (Liújí)劉 靈 /刘灵劉 項 /刘项- 咸劉 (xiánliú)
姬 劉 /姬 刘- 嬴劉/嬴刘
孫 劉 /孙刘安 劉 /安 刘屠 劉 /屠 刘- 嵇劉/嵇刘
徐 劉 /徐 刘 (Xúliú)應 劉 /应刘打 前 劉 海 /打 前 刘海- 曹劉/曹刘
- 曾劉/曾刘 (Zēngliú)
李 劉 馬 夏 /李 刘马夏 - 楊劉/杨刘
- 楊劉
體 /杨刘体 殷 劉 - 毗劉/毗刘
火 劉 /火 刘炎 劉 /炎 刘王 劉 /王 刘王 徐 應 劉 /王 徐 应刘茂 陵 劉 郎 /茂 陵 刘郎- 荊劉
拜 殺 /荆刘拜 杀 虔 劉 /虔 刘西 劉 /西 刘謝 劉 /谢刘- 貙劉/䝙刘
赤 劉 /赤 刘- 遏劉/遏刘
醉 劉 伶/醉 刘伶- 阮劉/阮刘
陶 劉 /陶 刘 (Táoliú)青菜 劉 /青菜 刘
See also
edit卯 金 刀 (Mǎojīndāo)
Descendants
editJapanese
editKanji
editReadings
editProper noun
editKanji in this term |
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りゅう Jinmeiyō |
on'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
刘 (rare) |
Korean
editHanja
editVietnamese
editHan character
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