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Wiktionary

素もと

素もと U+7D20, 素
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7D20
← 紟
[U+7D1F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 紡 →
[U+7D21]

Translingual

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Han character

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素もと (Kangxi radical 120, 糸いと+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 手て一いち女じょ戈ほこ火ひ (QMVIF), four-corner 50903, composition ⿱龶糸いと)

See also

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 918, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27300
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1348, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3368, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+7D20

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 素もと

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 素もと
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
     
Characters in the same phonetic series (素もと) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
素もと *saːs
傃 *saːs
嗉 *saːs
膆 *saːs
塐 *saːs

Pictogram (象形しょうけい) – hands 廾 braiding thread 糸いと.

In modern form, top component looks like 生せい without the diagonal stroke – compare 責せめ, 青あお.

Etymology

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Austroasiatic in origin; compare Khmer ស (sɑɑ, “white; to show something clearly”) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with 索さく (OC *sraːɡ, *sreːɡ, “to search”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 素もと
Mandarin Beijing /su⁵¹/
Harbin /su⁵³/
Tianjin /su⁵³/
Jinan /su²¹/
Qingdao /su⁴²/
Zhengzhou /su³¹²/
Xi'an /su⁴⁴/
Xining /ɕy²¹³/
Yinchuan /su¹³/
Lanzhou /su¹³/
Ürümqi /su²¹³/
Wuhan /səu³⁵/
Chengdu /su¹³/
Guiyang /su²¹³/
Kunming /su²¹²/
Nanjing /su⁴⁴/
Hefei /su⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /su⁴⁵/
Pingyao /səu³⁵/
Hohhot /su⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /su³⁵/
Suzhou /səu⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /su⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /sɤu⁴²/
Hui Shexian /su³²⁴/
Tunxi /səu⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /səu⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /səɯ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /su⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sz̩⁵³/
Taoyuan /su⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sou³³/
Nanning /ɬu³³/
Hong Kong /sou³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sɔ²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sou²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /su³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /su²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /so³⁵/
/to³⁵/
Rime
Character 素もと
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 心しん (16)
Final (韻いん) 模も (23)
Tone (調しらべ) Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 桑くわ故こ切きり
Baxter suH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/suoH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/suoH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/soH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/sɔH/
Li
Rong 		/soH/
Wang
Li 		/suH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/suoH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		sù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sou3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 素もと
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		sù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ suH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[s]ˁak-s/
English white silk

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 素もと
Reading # 1/1
No. 12099
Phonetic
component 		素もと
Rime
group 		魚さかな
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		訴
Old
Chinese 		/*saːs/

Definitions

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素もと

  1. † white silk
  2. † silk or paper used for writing
  3. white
    素もと面めん  ―  sùmiàn  ―  unadorned face; face without makeup
    素もと服ふく  ―  sùfú  ―  white mourning clothes
  4. plain
    素もと淨きよし／素もと净  ―  sùjìng  ―  plain and neat
  5. vegetarian (food)
    素もと菜さい  ―  sùcài  ―  vegetable dish; vegetarian dish
    吃ども素もと  ―  chīsù  ―  to live on a vegetarian diet; to be a vegetarian
    素もと食しょく  ―  sùshí  ―  vegetarian foods; to maintain a vegetarian diet
  6. original; unprocessed
    素もと材ざい  ―  sùcái  ―  source material
    素もと質しつ／素もと质  ―  sùzhì  ―  nature
  7. usually; always; all along
    平ひらた素もと  ―  píngsù  ―  normally; usually
    素もと不ふ往來おうらい／素もと不ふ往来おうらい  ―  sù bù wǎnglái  ―  have never had contact with each other
    武漢ぶかん素もと稱しょう「九きゅう省しょう通どおり衢」。 [MSC, trad.]
    武たけ汉素もと称しょう「九きゅう省しょう通どおり衢」。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǔhàn sù chēng “jiǔshěng tōngqú”. [Pinyin]
    Wuhan has always been called "the thoroughfare of the nine provinces".
  8. element
    元もと素もと  ―  yuánsù  ―  element
    維生素もと／维生素もと  ―  wéishēngsù  ―  vitamin
    色いろ素もと  ―  sèsù  ―  pigment
  9. (mathematics) prime
    素もと數かず／素もと数かず  ―  sùshù  ―  prime number
    互素もと  ―  hùsù  ―  coprime; relatively prime

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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素もと

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. basic
  2. plain

Readings

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  • Go-on: す (su, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
  • Kun: きじ (kiji, 素もと)、しろ (shiro, 素もと)、しろい (shiroi, 素そい)、もと (moto, 素もと)

Compounds

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Derived terms

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
素もと
す
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Derived from Middle Chinese 素もと (MC suH).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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素もと(す) • (su) ←す (su)?

  1. unadorned state

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
素もと
もと
Grade: 5
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 素もと – see the following entry.
【元もともと】2
[noun] cause, origin
[noun] basis, foundation
[noun] cost
[noun] (finance) capital
[noun] principal
[prefix] former, erstwhile
Alternative spellings
本ほん, 原はら, 基もと
(This term, 素もと, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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素もと(もと) • (moto) ←もと (moto)?

  1. (cooking) essence
    ご飯めし(はん)の素もと(もと)
    gohan no moto
    rice flavoring / seasoning

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
素もと
そ
Grade: 5
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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素もと(そ) • (so) -na (adnominal 素もと(そ)な (so na), adverbial 素もと(そ)に (so ni))

  1. plain
  2. (mathematics) prime (having no factors but 1 and itself)
    互(たが)いに素もと(そ)
    tagai ni so
    mutually prime

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 素もと (MC suH). Recorded as Middle Korean 소 (swo) (Yale: swo) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもう字じ會かい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

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  • (element; basis):
  • (plain; white):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰo̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [소(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

素もと (eumhun 흴 소 (huil so))
素もと (eumhun 본디 소 (bondi so))

  1. hanja form? of 소 (“plain; white”)
  2. hanja form? of 소 (“element; basis”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [2]

Vietnamese

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Chữ Hán

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素もと: Nôm readings: tố[1], tó[2]

  1. (dated) chữ Hán form of tố (“clean, white”).
  2. chữ Hán form of tố (“element, basis”).

Compounds

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References

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  1. ^ Trần (1999).
  2. ^ Trần (2004).
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