生命せいめい

Chinese

		to be born; to give birth; life to be born; to give birth; life; to grow; student; raw	life; fate
simp. and trad. (生命せいめい)		生せい	命いのち

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shēngmìng

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄥㄇㄧㄥˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sang¹ ming⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sên-miang / sâng-miang
Eastern Min (BUC): sĕng-mêng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): seng-bēng / sng-bēng / seⁿ-miā / siⁿ-miā

(Teochew, Peng'im): sêng¹ mêng⁶
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹sen-min

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shēngmìng
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄥㄇㄧㄥˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shengmìng
  - Wade–Giles: shêng¹-ming⁴
  - Yale: shēng-mìng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shengminq
  - Palladius: шэнмин (šɛnmin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ miŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sang¹ ming⁶
  - Yale: sāng mihng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sang¹ ming⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: seng¹ ming⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐŋ⁵⁵ mɪŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sên-miang / sâng-miang
  - Hakka Romanization System: sen^ˊ miang / sang^ˊ miang
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sen¹ miang⁴ / sang¹ miang⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /sen²⁴⁻¹¹ mi̯aŋ⁵⁵/, /saŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mi̯aŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sĕng-mêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛiŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mɛiŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-bēng
  - Tâi-lô: sing-bīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sengbeng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sng-bēng
  - Tâi-lô: sng-bīng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sngbeng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³ biɪŋ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seⁿ-miā
  - Tâi-lô: senn-miā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svemia
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ miã³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siⁿ-miā
  - Tâi-lô: sinn-miā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: svimia
  - IPA (Taipei): /sĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ miã³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sêng¹ mêng⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: seng mĕng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /seŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹sen-min
  - MiniDict: sen^平ひらた min
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹sen-min
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən⁵⁵ min²¹/

Middle Chinese: sraeng mjaengH

Rime
Character	生せい	命いのち
Reading #	1/2	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	生せい (21)	明あきら (4)
Final (韻いん)	庚かのえ (109)	庚かのえ (111)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	II	III
Fanqie	所ところ庚かのえ切きり	眉まゆ病やまい切きり
Baxter	sraeng	mjaengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠæŋ/	/mˠiæŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚaŋ/	/mᵚiaŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃaŋ/	/miaŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂaɨjŋ/	/miajŋ^H/
Li Rong	/ʃɐŋ/	/miɐŋ^H/
Wang Li	/ʃɐŋ/	/mĭɐŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʂɐŋ/	/mi̯ɐŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēng	mìng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sang¹	ming⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*sreŋ m-riŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ mreŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	生せい	命いのち
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēng	mìng
Middle Chinese	‹ sræng ›	‹ mjæng^H ›
Old Chinese	/sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or s.reŋ ?)	/m-riŋ-s/ (dialect: m-r- > mr-, -iŋ> *-eŋ)
English	bear, be born; live	command (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	生せい	命いのち
Reading #	1/2	1/1
No.	11312	8275
Phonetic component	生せい	令れい
Rime group	耕こう	耕こう
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	生せい	命いのち
Old Chinese	/*sʰleːŋ/	/*mreŋs/
Notes		令れい轉てん註字じ

Noun

生命せいめい

(countable, uncountable) life (characteristic of living beings, state of being alive) (Classifier: 個こ／个 m c; 條じょう／条じょう m c)
生命せいめい寶たから貴たか／生命せいめい宝たから贵 ― shēngmìng bǎoguì ― life is precious

浪費ろうひ生命せいめい／浪なみ费生命せいめい ― làngfèi shēngmìng ― to waste one's life

外そと星ぼし生命せいめい ― wàixīng shēngmìng ― extraterrestrial life

生命せいめい的てき意義いぎ／生命せいめい的てき意い义 ― shēngmìng de yìyì ― the meaning of life

危及到いた某ぼう人じん的てき生命せいめい [MSC, trad. and simp.]
wēijí dào mǒurén de shēngmìng [Pinyin]
to endanger someone's life

珍ちん惜生命せいめい，拒絕きょぜつ毒どく品ひん。 [MSC, trad.]
珍ちん惜生命せいめい，拒こばめ绝毒どく品ひん。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhēnxī shēngmìng, jùjué dúpǐn. [Pinyin]
Cherish life, say no to drugs.

死亡しぼう不ふ是これ生命せいめい的てき終點しゅうてん，遺忘いぼう才ざい是これ。 [MSC, trad.]
死亡しぼう不ふ是これ生命せいめい的てき终点，遗忘才ざい是これ。 [MSC, simp.]
Sǐwáng bù shì shēngmìng de zhōngdiǎn, yíwàng cái shì. [Pinyin]
Death is not the end of life; forgetting is.
living being; creature
可愛かわい的てき小しょう生命せいめい／可か爱的てき小しょう生命せいめい ― kě'ài de xiǎo shēngmìng ― cute little creature
(figuratively) timespan (of an activity); career
政治せいじ生命せいめい ― zhèngzhì shēngmìng ― political career

Synonyms

edit

一いち口氣こうき／一口ひとくち气 (yīkǒuqì) (figurative)
命いのち仔こ (meng⁶ zai²) (Cantonese)
性せい命いのち (xìngmìng)
活かつ命いのち (huómìng)

Derived terms

小しょう生命せいめい (xiǎoshēngmìng)
新しん生命せいめい
無む生命せいめい／无生命いのち (wúshēngmìng)
生命せいめい保險ほけん／生命せいめい保ほ险 (shēngmìng bǎoxiǎn)
生命せいめい力りょく (shēngmìnglì)
生命せいめい器官きかん (shēngmìng qìguān)
生命せいめい形式けいしき (shēngmìng xíngshì)
生命せいめい徵ちょう象ぞう／生命せいめい征せい象ぞう (shēngmìng zhēngxiàng)
生命せいめい教練きょうれん／生命せいめい教きょう练 (shēngmìng jiàoliàn)
生命せいめい科學かがく／生命せいめい科学かがく (shēngmìng kēxué)
生命せいめい線せん／生命せいめい线 (shēngmìngxiàn)
生命せいめい跡あと象ぞう／生命せいめい迹象 (shēngmìng jìxiàng)
生命せいめい週しゅう期き／生命せいめい周期しゅうき (shēngmìng zhōuqī)
生命せいめい遊戲ゆうぎ／生命せいめい游ゆう戏 (Shēngmìng Yóuxì)
生命せいめい體たい徵ちょう／生命せいめい体たい征せい (shēngmìng tǐzhēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (生命せいめい):

→ Japanese: 生命せいめい(せいめい) (seimei)
→ Korean: 생명(生命せいめい) (saengmyeong)
→ Vietnamese: sinh mệnh (生命せいめい)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
生せい	命いのち
せい Grade: 1	めい Grade: 3
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) せーめー [séꜜèmèè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [se̞ːme̞ː]

Noun

生せい(せい)命いのち(めい) • (seimei)

life; one's existence

Usage notes

生命せいめい is distinct from several other Japanese words that may also be translated to English as "life". In particular, it means "biological life in general, particularly in scientific contexts". Compare the terms below, which may also be rendered as "life" in English:

生活せいかつ (seikatsu, “life”): Day-to-day life as it is experienced; lifestyle; one's usual activities, habits, and routines.
生存せいぞん (seizon, “life”): Action involved in staying alive, as in "signs of life".
命いのち (inochi, “life”): The state of being alive, an animating force, or life as a whole (from birth to death).
存在そんざい (sonzai, “life”): Being; either the state of existing or a thing that exists.
人生じんせい (jinsei, “life”): A person's narrative, experience, and/or accomplishments from birth to death.
寿命じゅみょう (jumyō, “life”): Lifespan or life expectancy.
残ざん機き (zanki, “life”): A video-game life; a chance to play.
元気げんき (genki, “life”): Liveliness.

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
生せい	命いのち

Noun

生命せいめい • (saengmyeong) (hangeul 생명)

hanja form^? of 생명 (“life”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
生せい	命いのち

Noun

生命せいめい

chữ Hán form of sinh mệnh (“life”).

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[1]

生命せいめい

Contents

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

See also

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun

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生命せいめい

Chinese

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

See also

Japanese

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

See also

References

Korean

Noun

Vietnamese

Noun

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