證明
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Chinese
[edit]certificate; proof; to prove certificate; proof; to prove; to demonstrate; to confirm |
clear; bright; to understand clear; bright; to understand; next; the Ming dynasty | ||
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trad. ( |
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simp. (证明) | 证 | ||
anagram |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zing3 ming4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chṳn-mìn
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-bêng
- (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng3 mêng5
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tsen-min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhèngmíng
- Wade–Giles: chêng4-ming2
- Yale: jèng-míng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenqming
- Palladius: чжэнмин (čžɛnmin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 正名 證明 /证明
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zing3 ming4
- Yale: jing mìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzing3 ming4
- Guangdong Romanization: jing3 ming4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɪŋ³³ mɪŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳn-mìn
- Hakka Romanization System: ziin minˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zin4 min2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨn⁵⁵ min¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-bêng
- Tâi-lô: tsìng-bîng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zeangbeeng
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ biɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ biɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ biɪŋ¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ biɪŋ²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ biɪŋ²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zêng3 mêng5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng mêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ meŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
Noun
[edit]- (countable, uncountable) proof; evidence (Classifier: 份 m;
個 /个 m) - (countable) certificate (document containing a certified statement, evidencing ownership, etc.); testimonial; reference (Classifier: 份 m;
個 /个 m)
Usage notes
[edit]Unlike the English nouns proof and evidence which are usually uncountable, the Chinese nouns
Synonyms
[edit]- (proof):
佐 證 /佐 证 (zuǒzhèng)例證 /例 证 (lìzhèng)信 (literary, or in compounds)信 據 /信 据 (xìnjù) (literary, reliable evidence)力 證 /力 证 (lìzhèng) (strong evidence)印 證 /印 证 (yìnzhèng)實證 /实证 (shízhèng) (concrete evidence)干 證 (Hokkien)- 憑/
凭 (píng) (literary, or in compounds) - 憑信/
凭 信 (píngxìn) - 憑據/
凭 据 (píngjù) - 憑條/
凭 条 (Min Nan) - 憑證/
凭 证 (píngzhèng) 據 /据 (literary, or in compounds)論證 /论证 (lùnzhèng)證 /证 (zhèng)證據 /证据 (zhèngjù)證 見 /证见 (Hokkien, literary)
- (certificate):
Derived terms
[edit]不在 場 證明 /不在 场证明 (bùzàichǎng zhèngmíng)出生 證明 /出生 证明 (chūshēng zhèngmíng)工作 證明 /工作 证明 (gōngzuò zhèngmíng)權益 證明 /权益证明 (quányì zhèngmíng)證明 人 /证明人 (zhèngmíngrén)證明 信 /证明信 (zhèngmíngxìn)證明 價 值/证明价值 (zhèngmíng jiàzhí)證明 力 /证明力 (zhèngmínglì)證明 書 /证明书 (zhèngmíngshū)證明 責任 /证明责任 (zhèngmíng zérèn)醫療 證明 /医 疗证明 (yīliáo zhèngmíng)零 知識 證明 /零 知 识证明
Verb
[edit]- to prove; to demonstrate; to certify
Synonyms
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
しょう Hyōgai |
めい Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]證明 書 (shōmeisho)
Verb
[edit]- to prove; to confirm
- (mathematics) to prove
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "證明 する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | しょうめいし | shōmei shi | ||
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | しょうめいし | shōmei shi | ||
Shūshikei ("terminal") | しょうめいする | shōmei suru | ||
Rentaikei ("attributive") | しょうめいする | shōmei suru | ||
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | しょうめいすれ | shōmei sure | ||
Meireikei ("imperative") | しょうめいせよ¹ しょうめいしろ² |
shōmei seyo¹ shōmei shiro² | ||
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | しょうめいされる | shōmei sareru | ||
Causative | しょうめいさせる しょうめいさす |
shōmei saseru shōmei sasu | ||
Potential | しょうめいできる | shōmei dekiru | ||
Volitional | しょうめいしよう | shōmei shiyō | ||
Negative | しょうめいしない | shōmei shinai | ||
Negative continuative | しょうめいせず | shōmei sezu | ||
Formal | しょうめいします | shōmei shimasu | ||
Perfective | しょうめいした | shōmei shita | ||
Conjunctive | しょうめいして | shōmei shite | ||
Hypothetical conditional | しょうめいすれば | shōmei sureba | ||
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
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Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
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Verb
[edit]- chữ Hán form of chứng minh (“to prove; to demonstrate”).
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