鞄かばん

鞄かばん U+9784, 鞄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9784 ← 鞃 [U+9783] CJK Unified Ideographs 鞅 → [U+9785]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

鞄かばん (Kangxi radical 177, 革かわ+5, 14 strokes, cangjie input 廿にじゅう十じゅう心しん口山くちやま (TJPRU), four-corner 4751₂, composition ⿰革かわ包つつみ)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1386, character 38
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42781
• Dae Jaweon: page 1901, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4331, character 12
• Unihan data for U+9784

Chinese

simp. and trad.		鞄かばん

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鞄かばん
Spring and Autumn	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
袍ほう	*buː
袌	*buː, *buːs
軳	*buː
抱だき	*buːʔ
勽	*buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢	*buːs
勹	*pruː
包つつみ	*pruː
胞	*pruː, *pʰruː
苞つと	*pruː
枹なら	*pruː, *bu, *bu
飽	*pruːʔ
泡あわ	*pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮	*pʰruːs, *bruː
皰	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑	*bruː, *bruːɡ
咆	*bruː
庖	*bruː
匏ふくべ	*bruː
刨	*bruː
狍	*bruː
炰	*bruː
鉋かんな	*bruː, *bruːs
瓟	*bruː, *bruːɡ
颮	*bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄かばん	*bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑あわび	*bruːʔ
骲	*bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸	*bu
雹	*bruːɡ
窇	*bruːɡ

革かわ (“leather”) + 包つつみ.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): páo (pao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paai⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phauh

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: páo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: páo
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao²
    • Yale: páu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paai⁴
    • Yale: pàaih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pai⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːi̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phauh
    • Tâi-lô: phauh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phauq
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰauʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰauʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰauʔ³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /pʰauʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰauʔ³²/

---

• Middle Chinese: baew, baewX, baewH, phaewk

Rime
Character	鞄かばん	鞄かばん	鞄かばん	鞄かばん
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Initial (聲こえ)	並なみ (3)	並なみ (3)	並なみ (3)	滂 (2)
Final (韻いん)	肴さかな (90)	肴さかな (90)	肴さかな (90)	覺さとし (10)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等ひとし)	II	II	II	II
Fanqie	薄うすき交切きり	薄うすき巧たくみ切きり	防ぼう敎きょう切きり	匹ひき角かく切きり
Baxter	baew	baewX	baewH	phaewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠau/	/bˠauX/	/bˠauH/	/pʰˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚau/	/bᵚauX/	/bᵚauH/	/pʰᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/bau/	/bauX/	/bauH/	/pʰɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨw/	/baɨwX/	/baɨwH/	/pʰaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/bau/	/bauX/	/bauH/	/pʰɔk̚/
Wang Li	/bau/	/bauX/	/bauH/	/pʰɔk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱau/	/bʱauX/	/bʱauH/	/pʰɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	páo	bào	bào	po
Expected Cantonese Reflex	paau4	baau6	baau6	pok3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bruː/, /*bruːʔ/, /*bruːs/, /*pʰruːɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鞄かばん	鞄かばん	鞄かばん	鞄かばん
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	295	299	302	309
Phonetic component	勹	勹	勹	勹
Rime group	幽かそけ	幽かそけ	幽かそけ	覺さとし
Rime subdivision	1	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	庖	鮑あわび	靤	璞
Old Chinese	/*bruː/	/*bruːʔ/	/*bruːs/	/*pʰruːɡ/

Definitions

鞄かばん

1. to work hides
2. leather bag

Japanese

Kanji

鞄かばん

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: びょう (byō)^{←べう (beu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: かばん (kaban, 鞄かばん)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鞄かばん
かばん Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Possibly derived from Chinese 夾板／夹板 (jiābǎn) or 夾槾／夹槾 (jiāmàn, “boards for pressing or holding things together”), modern Min Nan reading kiap-pán. Another proposed etymology is Dutch Dutch kabas (“bag”), likely introduced through the Japanese-Dutch trade during the Edo period.

The original meaning of the kanji 鞄かばん referred to tanned leather or a tanner who produces such material. The native reading (kun'yomi) kaban only appears from the Meiji period (1868–1912).

First attested with this reading to a work from 1877; over the period of roughly 1877–1887, this word grew in popularity and displaced the previous term 胴乱どうらん (dōran, “satchel”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かばん [kàbáń] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠bã̠ɴ]

Noun

鞄かばん(かばん) • (kaban) 

1. [from 1877] a bag, satchel, briefcase, or handbag (often made of leather or canvas)

   Synonym: (archaic) 胴乱どうらん (dōran)

   • 1986, “Kimi o Nosete [Carrying You]”, Hayao Miyazaki (lyrics), Joe Hisaishi (music), performed by Azumi Inoue:

     さあ　でかけよう　ひときれのパン　ナイフ　ランプ　かばんにつめこんで

     Sā, dekakeyō, hitokire no pan, naifu, ranpu, kaban ni tsumekonde

     Let’s set out [on a journey with] a slice of bread, knife, [and] lamp, [all] stuffed in your bag.

Derived terms

• 鞄かばん(かばん)語かたり(ご) (kabango)
• 鞄かばん(かばん)持もち(も)ち (kabanmochi)
• 折おり(お)り鞄かばん(かばん) (orikaban)
• 提ひさげ(さ)げ鞄かばん(かばん) (sagekaban)
• 支ささえ(し)那な(な)鞄かばん(かばん) (Shina kaban)
• 通つう(つう)学がく(がく)鞄かばん(かばん) (tsūgaku kaban)
• 手て(て)鞄かばん(かばん) (tekaban)
• 手て(て)提ひさげ(さ)げ鞄かばん(かばん) (tesage kaban)
• 中なか(なか)折おり(お)れ鞄かばん(かばん) (nakaore kaban)

Descendants

• → Hokkien: kha-báng
• → Korean: 가방 (gabang)

Korean

Hanja

鞄かばん (eum 포 (po))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鞄かばん: Hán Việt readings: bào, bạc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.