锗
鍺是
发现史
编辑
1885
鍺 | ||
---|---|---|
72 | 72.59 | |
5.5 | 5.35 | |
熔點(℃) | 947 | |
氧化 |
||
氧化 |
4.7 | 4.7 |
氧化 |
||
氯化 |
100℃ |
86℃ (GeCl4) |
氯化 |
1.9 | 1.9 |
鍺
特性
编辑
鍺是
化學 性 质
编辑
2Ge
鍺還
鍺
同位 素
编辑
鍺
鍺最
自然 豐 度
编辑
鍺是
製 備
编辑
2007
鍺主
($/kg)[50] | |
---|---|
1999 | 1,400 |
2000 | 1,250 |
2001 | 890 |
2002 | 620 |
2003 | 380 |
2004 | 600 |
2005 | 660 |
2006 | 880 |
2007 | 1,240 |
2008 | 1,490 |
2009 | 950 |
鍺的
- GeS2 + 3O2 → GeO2 + 2SO2
- GeO2 + 4HCl → GeCl4 + 2H2O
- GeO2 + 2Cl2 → GeCl4 + O2
四氯化鍺會被水解成二氧化鍺,
- GeO2 + 4H2 → Ge + 2H2O
- GeO2 + C → Ge + CO2
應用
编辑
1.
2.
3.
4.
鍺在2007
光學
编辑
電子 工 业
编辑
其他應用
编辑
鍺的
对生物 的 影 响
编辑
一般認為鍺對動植物的健康並不重要。[70]
锗
锗
参 见
编辑
注釋
编辑
- ^ “鈤”
亦 為 化學 元素 鐳的 舊譯 ,因 造成 混 淆而採用 新譯 。[73] - ^
在 希 臘語中 ,Argyrodite一 詞 有 “含銀”的 意思 [74]。 - ^ 跟預
測 到 新 元素 的 存在 一 樣 ,數學 家 亞 當 斯與 勒威耶,利用 天王星 軌道 被 拉 出 去 的 偏差 ,在 1843年 前後 就預測 到 行 星 海王星 的 存在 [75]。查理士 (James Challis)於1846年 8月 開始 搜 尋 第 八 顆行星 [76],而加 勒則 於1846年 9月 23日 正式 觀測 到 它[77]。 - ^ 赫爾曼(R. Hermann)
在 1877年 聲 稱 發現 週 期 素 中位 於鉭下 的 元素 ,並 以羅馬 神話 海王 尼 普 頓 命名 為 镎(Naptunium)[78][79]。但 後來 發現 這種金屬 只 是 元素 鈮與 鉭的合金 [80]。很久以後 ,镎這個名字 給 了 在 週 期 表 位 於鈾下 的 合成 元素 ,它是由 核 物理 學 家 在 1940年 所 發現 [81] 。
參考 資料
编辑
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外部 链接
编辑
元素 锗在洛 斯阿拉 莫斯国家 实验室 的 介 紹(英文 )- EnvironmentalChemistry.com —— 锗(
英文 ) 元素 锗在 The Periodic Table of Videos(諾 丁 漢 大學 )的 介 紹(英文 )元素 锗在Peter van der Krogt elements site的 介 紹(英文 )- WebElements.com – 锗(
英文 )