秀しゅう

秀しゅう U+79C0, 秀 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79C0 ← 禿かぶろ [U+79BF] CJK Unified Ideographs 私わたし → [U+79C1]

Translingual

Han character

秀しゅう (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+2, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹たけ木き弓ゆみ竹ちく尸しかばね (HDNHS), four-corner 2022₇, composition ⿱禾乃)

Derived characters

• 𠉑, 唀, 𪣜, 㛢, 𫵿, 𢓵, 𢭆, 𣵛, 𨹳, 𣒴, 𬊔, 琇, 𤯪, 𥏗, 𮀞, 𥙾, 䅎, 𧚘, 綉(绣), 蜏, 誘さそえ(诱), 銹(锈), 𮪆, 𱆯
• 透とおる, 𣮁, 䞬, 𠃯, 𮂼, 𤥹, 頺, 𥢁, 𪁮, 𥣧, 𥤃, 莠, 𨴷, 𣜗, 𦏁

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 849, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24911
• Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2589, character 4
• Unihan data for U+79C0

Chinese

trad.		秀しゅう
simp. #		秀しゅう
alternative forms		𥝙 𥝠

Barley ear.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 秀しゅう
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (秀しゅう) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
透とおる	*l̥ʰoːs, *hljuɡ
莠	*luʔ
誘さそえ	*luʔ
蜏	*luʔ, *slus, *lus
琇	*luʔ, *slus
秀しゅう	*slus
銹	*slus

From an earlier form 𥝙, attested in the stone drum inscriptions (石いし鼓こ文ぶん (shígǔwén)) from the Warring States period.

According to Chi (2010), the character is an ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 禾 (“rice plant”) + 引 (“to draw out flowers”) — blooming of a rice plant. The Shuihudi Qin bamboo texts (睡ねむ簡) recorded this character as ⿱禾引. The bottom component 弓ゆみ found in the stone drum inscriptions is likely a reduction of 引.

Xu Kai (徐じょ鍇), the author of 《說せつ文ぶん解かい字じ繫傳》 (10th century AD) gave the following explanation: Pictogram (象形しょうけい) : 禾 (“plant”) + 乃, resembling a fruit/an ear hanging off a plant.

Shuowen states that this character was tabooed at that time (2nd century AD) and so did not elaborate on its origin, due to it being the birth name of Emperor Guangwu of Han.

Etymology 1

May be a causative of 褎 (OC *lɯws, “growth of seedlings”). Compare Proto-Vietic *m-loh (“to blossom”) (whence Vietnamese trổ (“to burst, to open, to display”), lổ (“naked”)), and Khmer លាស់ (lŏəh, “to grow, to blossom, to prosper”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiù (xiu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sau³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): siu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiu⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): séu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siù

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siu³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵shieu

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiù
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siòu
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu⁴
    • Yale: syòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiow
    • Palladius: сю (sju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sau³
    • Yale: sau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: seo³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siu
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯u⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /siu⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: séu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛu²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siù
    • Tâi-lô: siù
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siu²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siu⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siu²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siu¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siu²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siu³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siù
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siu²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵shieu
    • MiniDict: shieu^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²xieu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɤ³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: sjuwH

Rime
Character	秀しゅう
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	心しん (16)
Final (韻いん)	尤ゆう (136)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	息いき救すくい切きり
Baxter	sjuwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨuH/
Pan Wuyun	/siuH/
Shao Rongfen	/siəuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suwH/
Li Rong	/siuH/
Wang Li	/sĭəuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ə̯uH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sau3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s-l]u(ʔ)-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*slus/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	秀しゅう
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiù
Middle Chinese	‹ sjuwH ›
Old Chinese	/*[s-l]u(ʔ)-s/
English	to flower
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	秀しゅう
Reading #	1/1
No.	13934
Phonetic component	秀しゅう
Rime group	幽かそけ
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	秀しゅう
Old Chinese	/*slus/

Definitions

秀しゅう

1. ^† (of plants, especially of crops) to shoot out into ears; earing; ear

   秀しゅう而不實ふじつ／秀しゅう而不实  ―  xiù'érbùshí  ―  to put forth flowers but bear no fruit

   • 實み種たね實み褎，實み發はつ實み秀しゅう。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     实种实褎，实发实秀しゅう。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Shí zhòng shí yòu, shí fā shí xiù. [Pinyin]

     Then he used it as seed, and it sprang up; It grew and came into ear.

2. ^† (of plants) to bear fruit
3. ^† (of plants) to blossom

   • 螻蟈鳴な，蚯螾出で，王おう瓜ふり生せい，苦く菜さい秀しゅう。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     蝼蝈鸣，蚯螾出で，王おう瓜ふり生せい，苦く菜さい秀しゅう。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Lóuguō míng, qiūyǐn chū, wángguā shēng, kǔcài xiù. [Pinyin]

     The green frogs croak. Earthworms come forth. The royal melons grow. The sow-thistle is in seed.

4. beautiful; elegant; graceful

   秀しゅう麗うらら／秀しゅう丽  ―  xiùlì  ―  pretty

   秀しゅう美よし  ―  xiùměi  ―  elegant

   眉まゆ清きよし目め秀しゅう  ―  méiqīngmùxiù  ―  with delicate features

5. (especially of a person) outstanding; prominent; extraordinary

   優ゆう秀しゅう／优秀しゅう  ―  yōuxiù  ―  excellent

   俊しゅん秀しゅう  ―  jùnxiù  ―  elegant; pretty

Compounds

• 一時いちじ之の秀しゅう／一いち时之秀しゅう
• 一枝いちえだ獨どく秀しゅう／一枝いちえだ独どく秀しゅう (yīzhīdúxiù)
• 一いち穗ほ三さん秀しゅう
• 三さん秀しゅう (sānxiù)
• 不ふ秀しゅう氣き／不ふ秀しゅう气
• 不ふ郎ろう不ふ秀しゅう (bùlángbùxiù)
• 丟丟秀しゅう秀しゅう／丢丢秀しゅう秀しゅう
• 丹に脣啟秀しゅう／丹に唇くちびる启秀
• 俊秀しゅんしゅう (jùnxiù)
• 優秀ゆうしゅう／优秀 (yōuxiù)
• 劉りゅう秀しげる／刘秀
• 千せん巖いわお競きおい秀しゅう／千せん岩いわ竞秀
• 南みなみ能のう北きた秀しげる
• 吐木秀克ひでかつ (Tǔmùxiùkè)
• 向むかい秀しげる
• 含秀
• 大家たいか閨ねや秀しゅう／大家たいか闺秀 (dàjiāguīxiù)
• 天真てんしん地ち秀しゅう
• 女おんな秀才しゅうさい
• 娟秀 (juānxiù)
• 尺しゃく二に秀才しゅうさい
• 山やま明水あけみ秀しゅう (shānmíngshuǐxiù)
• 山やま清水しみず秀しげる (shānqīngshuǐxiù)
• 布ぬの蘭らん枯秀／布ぬの兰枯秀しゅう
• 廩膳秀才しゅうさい／廪膳秀才しゅうさい
• 後來こうらい之の秀しゅう／后きさき来らい之の秀しゅう
• 後こう起おこり之の秀しゅう／后きさき起おこり之の秀しゅう (hòuqǐzhīxiù)
• 才ざい秀人ひでと微ほろ
• 挺てい秀しゅう
• 擢秀
• 攬秀／揽秀
• 新しん秀しゅう (xīnxiù)
• 明秀あきひで
• 李り秀成ひでなり
• 棠棣はねず競きおい秀しゅう／棠棣はねず竞秀
• 水みず秀山しゅうざん明あきら
• 水みず秀山しゅうざん青あお
• 洪秀全こうしゅうぜん
• 清せい清秀きよひで秀しゅう
• 清秀きよひで (qīngxiù)
• 獨どく秀しゅう／独どく秀しゅう
• 白衣はくい秀しゅう士し
• 白しろ鶴づる秀才しゅうさい／白しろ鹤秀才しゅうさい
• 眉山びざん秀しゅう
• 眉まゆ清きよし目め秀しゅう (méiqīngmùxiù)
• 眉目びもく明秀あきひで
• 神かみ清きよし骨ほね秀しゅう
• 神かみ秀しげる
• 秀しゅう出で
• 秀しゅう出で班はん行ぎょう
• 秀しゅう場じょう／秀しゅう场
• 秀しゅう士し
• 秀しゅう外がい惠めぐみ中なか (xiùwàihuìzhōng)
• 秀しゅう外がい慧とし中なか (xiùwàihuìzhōng)
• 秀しゅう女おんな
• 秀しゅう姑しゅうと巒溪／秀しゅう姑しゅうと峦溪
• 秀しゅう媚こび (xiùmèi)
• 秀しゅう嶼／秀しゅう屿 (Xiùyǔ, “Xiuyu”)
• 秀才しゅうさい (xiùcái)
• 秀才しゅうさい人情にんじょう
• 秀才しゅうさい造反ぞうはん
• 秀拔しゅうばつ
• 秀しゅう林りん (Xiùlín)
• 秀しゅう氣き／秀しゅう气 (xiùqi)
• 秀しゅう水すい (Xiùshuǐ)
• 秀しゅう灰はい蝶ちょう (xiùhuīdié)
• 秀しゅう發はつ／秀しゅう发 (xiùfā)
• 秀しゅう眉まゆ
• 秀美ひでみ (xiùměi)
• 秀しゅう而不實ふじつ／秀しゅう而不实
• 秀しゅう色しょく (xiùsè)
• 秀しゅう色しょく可か餐 (xiùsèkěcān)
• 秀しゅう逗
• 秀逸しゅういつ (xiùyì)
• 秀雅ひでまさ
• 秀しゅう頂いただき／秀しゅう顶
• 秀しゅう髮かみ／秀しゅう发 (xiùfà)
• 秀麗しゅうれい／秀しゅう丽 (xiùlì)
• 穎秀／颖秀
• 粵秀山やま／粤秀山やま
• 美び秀しゅう
• 肥こえ勻明秀しゅう／肥こえ匀明秀しゅう
• 苗なえ而不秀しゅう
• 裴秀
• 豐臣とよとみ秀吉ひでよし／丰臣秀吉ひでよし
• 賈儒商しょう秀しゅう／贾儒商しょう秀しゅう
• 軒のき秀しゅう／轩秀
• 鍾靈毓秀／钟灵毓秀 (zhōnglíngyùxiù)
• 閨ねや秀しゅう／闺秀 (guīxiù)
• 陸りく秀夫ひでお／陆秀夫おっと
• 隱かくれ秀しゅう／隐秀
• 靈山りょうぜん秀しげる水すい／灵山秀しゅう水すい
• 靈れい秀しゅう／灵秀
• 面目めんぼく清秀きよひで
• 韶秀
• 風神ふうじん秀雅ひでまさ／风神秀雅ひでまさ
• 飽學秀才しゅうさい／饱学秀才しゅうさい
• 髦秀
• 麥むぎ秀しゅう／麦むぎ秀しゅう
• 麥むぎ秀しゅう兩りょう歧／麦むぎ秀しゅう两歧
• 黍きび離はなれ麥むぎ秀しゅう／黍きび离麦秀しゅう
• 齒は危髮秀しゅう／齿危发秀

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (秀しゅう):

• → Japanese: 秀しゅう(しゅ) (shu)
• → Korean: 수(秀しゅう) (su)
• → Vietnamese: tú (秀しゅう)

Etymology 2

Phono-semantic matching of English show. Doublet of 騷／骚 (sāo)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiù (xiu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄡˋ

• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sió

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiù
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄡˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siòu
    • Wade–Giles: hsiu⁴
    • Yale: syòu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiow
    • Palladius: сю (sju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sió
    • Tâi-lô: sió
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sioir
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sio⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sio⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sio⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sio⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɤ⁴¹/

Definitions

秀しゅう

1. to manifest; to show; to display

   秀しゅう出で  ―  xiùchū  ―  to show

2. show

   脫だつ口くち秀しゅう／脱だつ口くち秀しゅう  ―  tuōkǒuxiù  ―  talk show

   時どき裝そう秀しゅう／时装秀しゅう  ―  shízhuāngxiù  ―  fashion show

Synonyms

• (show): (Cantonese) 騷／骚 (sou1)

Compounds

• 作さく秀しゅう (zuòxiù)
• 個人こじん秀しゅう／个人秀しゅう
• 工地たくむじ秀しゅう
• 政治せいじ秀しゅう
• 牛肉ぎゅうにく秀しゅう
• 秀しゅう場じょう／秀しゅう场
• 脫だつ口くち秀しゅう／脱だつ口くち秀しゅう (tuōkǒuxiù)
• 舞臺ぶたい秀しゅう／舞台ぶたい秀しゅう
• 餐廳秀しゅう／餐厅秀しゅう

 

Japanese

Kanji

秀しゅう

(Jōyō kanji)

1. excellent, outstanding

Readings

Kanji in this term
秀しゅう
しゅう Grade: S
on'yomi

• Go-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kan-on: しゅう (shū, Jōyō)^{←しう (siu, historical)}
• Kun: ひいでる (hīderu, 秀ひいでる, Jōyō)

Proper noun

秀しゅう(しゅう) • (Shū) 

1. a male given name

Descendants

• → English: S rank, S Tier

Korean

Hanja

秀しゅう (eumhun 빼어날 수 (ppaeeonal su))

1. outstanding, remarkable, excellent

Vietnamese

Han character

秀しゅう: Hán Nôm readings: tú

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.