發はつ

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See also: 发, 発はつ, and 彂
發はつ U+767C, 發
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-767C
← 登とう
[U+767B] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 白しろ →
[U+767D]

Translingual

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Stroke order
12 strokes
Traditional 發はつ
Shinjitai 発はつ
Simplified 发

Han character

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發はつ (Kangxi radical 105, 癶+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 弓ゆみ人じん弓ゆみ竹ちく水すい (NONHE), four-corner 12247, composition ⿱癶𭚧)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 784, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22669
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1194, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2761, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+767C

Chinese

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trad. 發はつ
simp. 发*
alternative forms
発はつ
㢭
𤼲
𤼵
彂
発はつ
㢭
𤼲
𤼵
彂
活かつ (stirred with water)
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 發はつ
Shang Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (癹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
發はつ *pad
癹 *pʰaːd, *baːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *pad) : semantic 弓ゆみ (“bow”) + phonetic 癹 (OC *pʰaːd, *baːd).

Etymology 1

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STEDT compares 發はつ (OC *pad) to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-p(r)ats (“to vomit”), whence Proto-Lolo-Burmese *C-pat (“to vomit”) (> Burmese ပစ် (pac, “to shoot, to throw, to eject”)) and Jingpho ǹ-phàt (“to vomit”).

According to Schuessler (2007), this is an area word; compare Proto-Vietic *ɓah (“to vomit”), Mon ပန် (“to shoot”).

A derivation is probably 廢はい (OC *pads, “to cast aside”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • fat - literary;
  • pot - colloquial.
Note:
  • buók - colloquial;
  • huák - literary.
Note:
  • hoat - literary;
  • hoa̍t - only in 發はつ落 and “stirred with water”.
Note:
  • huêg4 - Chaozhou;
  • huag4 - Shantou;
  • biuh4 - colloquial, in some words;
  • baoh4 - colloquial, in some words.
Rime
Character 發はつ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 幫 (1)
Final (韻いん) 月つき (68)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Closed
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 方ほう伐き切きり
Baxter pjot
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʉɐt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʷiɐt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piuɐt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/puat̚/
Li
Rong 		/piuɐt̚/
Wang
Li 		/pĭwɐt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pi̯wɐt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fa
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faat3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 發はつ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fā
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjot ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.pat/
English fly forth, send forth

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 發はつ
Reading # 1/1
No. 164
Phonetic
component 		癹
Rime
group 		月つき
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		髮かみ
Old
Chinese 		/*pad/

Definitions

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發はつ

  1. to shoot; to launch
    發はつ射い／发射い  ―  fāshè  ―  to shoot; (of space vehicle) to launch
  2. to issue
    發はつ佈／发布ぬの  ―  fābù  ―  to release
    發はつ號ごう施ほどこせ令れい／发号ごう施ほどこせ令れい  ―  fāhàoshīlìng  ―  to give orders
    1. to distribute
      發はつ行くだり／发行くだり  ―  fāxíng  ―  to distribute; to circulate; to issue (securities)
      發はつ傳單でんたん／发传单  ―  fā chuándān  ―  to distribute leaflets
      發はつ工こう資し／发工こう资  ―  fā gōngzī  ―  to pay out wages
    2. to ship; to send for delivery
      發はつ貨／发货  ―  fāhuò  ―  to ship goods
    3. to post; to send message
      發はつ電でん／发电  ―  fādiàn  ―  to send a telegram
      發はつ微ほろ博はく／发微ほろ博はく  ―  fā Wēibó  ―  to post an update to Weibo
      發はつ推特／发推特  ―  fā Tuītè  ―  to post an update to Twitter; to tweet
      發はつ錯群ぐん／发错群ぐん  ―  fā cuò qún  ―  to post to the wrong group
      發はつ電子でんし郵件／发电子邮件  ―  fā diànzǐyóujiàn  ―  to send an e-mail
    4. to publish
      刊かん發はつ／刊かん发  ―  kānfā  ―  to publish (in press media)
      發はつ表ひょう論文ろんぶん／发表ひょう论文  ―  fābiǎo lùnwén  ―  to publish a research work
    5. to emit
      發はつ光ひかり／发光ひかり  ―  fāguāng  ―  to emit light
      發はつ音おと／发音おと  ―  fāyīn  ―  to pronounce; to vocalise
      煥發はつ／焕发  ―  huànfā  ―  (figuratively) to radiate
    6. to escape
      發はつ散ち／发散ち  ―  fāsàn  ―  to diverge
      蒸ふけ發はつ／蒸ふけ发  ―  zhēngfā  ―  to evaporate
      揮發はつ性せい／挥发性せい  ―  huīfāxìng  ―  volatility
    7. (chiefly of plants or plant parts) to grow out; (of flowers) to blossom
      發はつ芽め／发芽め  ―  fāyá  ―  to germinate
    8. (Hokkien) to grow out (teeth, etc.)
      喙齒發はつ出來でき矣。 [Hokkien, trad.]
      喙齿发出来でき矣。 [Hokkien, simp.]
      Chhùi-khí hoat chhut-lâi ah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      The teeth have grown out.
  3. to depart; to leave
    始はじめ發はつ站／始はじめ发站  ―  shǐfāzhàn  ―  station of departure
    發はつ往北京ぺきん的てき列車れっしゃ／发往北京ぺきん的てき列れつ车  ―  fā wǎng Běijīng de lièchē  ―  train leaving for Beijing
  4. to dispatch
    發はつ兵へい／发兵へい  ―  fābīng  ―  to dispatch troops
    徵ちょう發はつ／征せい发  ―  zhēngfā  ―  to requisition
  5. to expand; to extend; to spread
    發はつ揚あげ／发扬  ―  fāyáng  ―  to promote
    發はつ展てん／发展てん  ―  fāzhǎn  ―  to develop; to enhance
    發はつ條じょう／发条じょう  ―  fātiáo  ―  coiled spring; clockwork (literally, “expanding strip)”)
    1. to rise; to emerge
      發はつ跡あと／发迹  ―  fājì  ―  to rise to prominence
    2. (colloquial) to gain wealth; to become rich; to make a fortune
      暴發はつ戶と／暴发户  ―  bàofāhù  ―  parvenu/e
      他た發はつ了りょう。／他た发了りょう。  ―  Tā fā le.  ―  He has made a fortune.
      伊い這氣咧發はつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
      伊い这气咧发。 [Hokkien, simp.]
      I chit-khùi leh hoat. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
      He's making a fortune at this time.
    3. (of food) to rise, expand, or become porous, especially as a result of leavening
      發はつ糕／发糕  ―  fāgāo  ―  fa gao (a porous rice dessert)
      麵還かえ沒ぼつ發はつ好このみ。／面めん还没发好このみ。  ―  Miàn háiméi fā hǎo.  ―  The dough has not yet fully risen.
      1. (Mainland China Hokkien) to become fluffy and large or bloom like a flower due to leavening
        這床ゆか發はつ粿有ゆう發はつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
        这床ゆか发粿有ゆう发。 [Hokkien, simp.]
        Chit sn̂g hoat-ké ū hoat. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
        This basket of fa gao has bloomed like a flower.
  6. to initiate; to give start to
    發はつ動どう／发动  ―  fādòng  ―  to start (an engine)
    自じ發はつ／自じ发  ―  zìfā  ―  spontaneous; voluntary (literally, “self-initiated”)
    後のち發はつ制せい人じん／后きさき发制せい人じん  ―  hòufāzhìrén  ―  to overpower the opponent by reacting to their (ill-advised) initiative; to win by not striking the first
    激げき發はつ／激げき发  ―  jīfā  ―  to stimulate
  7. to generate; to produce
    發はつ電でん／发电  ―  fādiàn  ―  to generate electric power
  8. to become; to get into a certain state
    發はつ燒やき／发烧  ―  fāshāo  ―  to have a fever
    發はつ狂きょう／发狂きょう  ―  fākuáng  ―  to go mad
    發はつ呆ほけ／发呆ほけ  ―  fādāi  ―  to be in a daze
    發はつ情じょう／发情じょう  ―  fāqíng  ―  to be in oestrus
    發はつ覺さとし／发觉  ―  fājué  ―  to become aware
  9. ⁜ to open; to remove what seals, blocks, or shuts
    發はつ掘ほ／发掘ほ  ―  fājué  ―  to excavate; to unearth; (figurative) to develop
    發はつ軔／发轫  ―  fārèn  ―  to start (literally, “to unblock the wheels”)
    發はつ現げん／发现  ―  fāxiàn  ―  to discover; discovery
  10. to make manifest; to express; to act out
    發はつ誓ちかい／发誓ちかい  ―  fāshì  ―  to swear an oath
    發はつ怒いか／发怒いか  ―  fānù  ―  to act out one's anger; to hit out
    揭發はつ／揭发  ―  jiēfā  ―  to expose (wrongdoing, scandal, etc.)
    發はつ表ひょう意見いけん／发表ひょう意い见  ―  fābiǎo yìjiàn  ―  to express one's opinions
    發はつ愁／发愁  ―  fāchóu  ―  to be anxious
  11. (figurative, of the mind) to make clear; to enlighten; to open up; to stimulate
    發はつ明あきら／发明あきら  ―  fāmíng  ―  to explain clearly; to invent
    啟けい發はつ／启发  ―  qǐfā  ―  to inspire; to enlighten
  12. Classifier for ammunition.
    一いち發はつ炮彈／一いち发炮弹  ―  yī fā pàodàn  ―  one shell
  13. (slang) Classifier for ejaculation.
  14. (Hokkien) to show effect; to break out
    藥くすり性せい未み發はつ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    药性せい未み发。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Io̍h sèng bē hoat. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The effect of the medicine hasn't shown yet.
  15. (Mainland China Hokkien) to go bad; to deteriorate; to become rotten
    米べい囥甲きのえ發はつ去さ。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    米べい囥甲きのえ发去さ。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Bí khǹg kah hoat khì. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The rice was stored until it went bad.
  16. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to have quicklime react by mixing with water
    灰はい發はつ甲きのえ真しん透とおる。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    灰はい发甲きのえ真しん透とおる。 [Hokkien, simp.]
    Hoe hoat kah chin thàu. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    The lime reacted with water pretty thoroughly.
  17. (Zhangzhou Hokkien) stirred with water and squeezed repeatedly becoming dense and flexible (of flour, earth, etc.)
Synonyms
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  • (to distribute):
edit

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (發はつ):
  • → Vietnamese: phát (發はつ)

Others:

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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發はつ

  1. † bent; crooked
  2. † Used in 發はつ發はつ／发发 (bōbō, “numerous; sound of strong wind or fish jumping”).

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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發はつ

  1. (Cantonese) Alternative form of 𢪎 (“to whip; to whisk”)

Etymology 4

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For pronunciation and definitions of 發はつ – see 暴 (“to sprout”).
(This character is a variant form of 暴).

References

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

発はつ

Kyūjitai

發はつ

Kanji

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發はつ

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 発はつ)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 発はつ

Readings

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
發はつ
はつ
Hyōgai
kan'on
For pronunciation and definitions of 發はつ – see the following entry.
【発はつ】3
[kanji] third grade kanji
[kanji] set off, depart
[kanji] start from
[kanji] emit
[kanji] discharge
[kanji] disclose
[kanji] occur
(This term, 發はつ, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
發はつ
ハツ
Hyōgai
irregular
For pronunciation and definitions of 發はつ – see the following entry.
【𤼵】H
[kanji] hyōgai kanji
Kanji reading:
ほち, ほつ, はつ
(This term, 發はつ, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 發はつ (MC pjot).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 버ᇙ〮 (Yale: pélq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 베플 (Yale: peyphul) 발 (Yale: pal)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

發はつ (eumhun 필 발 (pil bal))

  1. hanja form? of 발 (“to shoot; to emit; to discharge”) [affix]
  2. hanja form? of 발 (“departing from; originating from”) [suffix]

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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發はつ: Hán Nôm readings: phát, phắt, phết

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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