活かつ

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See also: 话 and 㓉
活かつ U+6D3B, 活
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6D3B
← 洺
[U+6D3A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 洼 →
[U+6D3C]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character[edit]

活かつ (Kangxi radical 85, 水みず+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 水竹みずたけ十じゅう口くち (EHJR), four-corner 32164, composition ⿰氵舌した)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 622, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17423
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1609, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6D3B

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 活かつ
alternative forms
 
㓉
𣿛
𣴠
𦕾
𣸅
㓉
𣿛
𣴠
𦕾
𣸅
𣽅

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 活かつ
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (桰) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
咶 *qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd
話はなし *ɡroːds
刮 *kroːd
鴰 *kroːd, *koːd
趏 *kroːd, *kʰroːd
舌した *ɡroːd, *ɦbljed
姡 *ɡroːd, *ɡoːd
頢 *ɡroːd, *koːd
括くく *koːd
活かつ *koːd, *ɡoːd
适 *koːd, *kʰoːd
栝 *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
佸 *koːd, *ɡoːd
髺 *koːd
聒 *koːd
銛 *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ
葀 *koːd
懖 *koːd
筈はず *koːd, *kʰoːd
萿 *koːd
蛞 *kʰoːd
闊 *kʰoːd
秳 *ɡoːd

Evolved from 𣴠: Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *koːd, *ɡoːd) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 𠯑 (OC *ɡroːd).

Etymology 1[edit]

Schuessler (2007) proposes possible Austroasiatic etymology; compare Wa-Lawa-Bulang *gɑs "alive (of plants)" & Aslian *gɔs "to live"

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • oa̍h - vernacular (“to live; lively; agile; alive; so; awful”), hoa̍t - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 活かつ
Mandarin Beijing /xuo³⁵/
Harbin /xuo²⁴/
Tianjin /xuo⁴⁵/
Jinan /xuə⁴²/
Qingdao /xuə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuo⁴²/
Xi'an /xuo²⁴/
Xining /xu⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /xuə⁵³/ 幹みき～
/xuə¹³/ 死し～
Lanzhou /xuə⁵³/
Ürümqi /xuɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /xuo²¹³/
Chengdu /xo³¹/
Guiyang /xo²¹/
Kunming /xo³¹/
Nanjing /xoʔ⁵/
Hefei /xuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuaʔ⁵⁴/
Pingyao /xuʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /xuaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦuəʔ¹/
Suzhou /ɦuəʔ³/
Hangzhou /ɦuoʔ²/
Wenzhou /ɦo²¹³/
Hui Shexian /xua²²/
/ua²²/
Tunxi /uːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /xo²⁴/
Xiangtan /ho²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /uɵʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /fat̚⁵/
Taoyuan /fɑt̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wut̚²/
Nanning /wut̚²²/
Hong Kong /wut̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /huat̚⁵/
/uaʔ⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /uaʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xua²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /uaʔ⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ua³³/
Rime
Character 活かつ
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲こえ) 匣くしげ (33)
Final (韻いん) 末すえ (64)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Closed
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 戸と括くく切きり
Baxter hwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦuɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣuɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwat̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɣuɑt̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɣuɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣuɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		huó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wut6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 活かつ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		huó
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hwat ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɡ]ʷˁat/
English to live

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 活かつ
Reading # 2/2
No. 7585
Phonetic
component 		桰
Rime
group 		月つき
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		活かつ
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡoːd/

Definitions[edit]

活かつ

  1. to live; to exist
  2. life; existence
  3. to make live; to provide food for
  4. having life; live
  5. lively; vivid
  6. flexible; movable; moving; nimble; agile
  7. flexible; adaptable; fluid
  8. job; work
  9. product; produce
  10. simply; exactly
  11. alive; living; in a living state
    活かつ捉  ―  huózhuō  ―  to capture alive
    活かつ埋うめ  ―  huómái  ―  to bury alive
  12. to save (a person's life)
  13. (informal) sexual intercourse
    器うつわ大だい活かつ兒こ好このみ／器うつわ大だい活かつ儿好このみ  ―  qì dà huór hǎo  ―  the "tool" (penis) is big, [his] sex is good
  14. (Mainland China Hokkien, emphasis in exclamations) so; how; what
  15. (Mainland China Hokkien, in rhetorical questions) awful; unable to handle (used after either 會かい／会かい or 𣍐／𫧃 to mean the same thing)
Synonyms[edit]
  • (having life):
Dialectal synonyms of 活かつ (“having life; live”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 有生ゆうせい
Mandarin Beijing 活かつ
Taiwan 活かつ
Jinan 活かつ
Xi'an 活かつ
Wuhan 活かつ
Chengdu 活かつ
Guilin 活かつ
Yangzhou 活かつ
Hefei 活かつ
Singapore 活かつ
Cantonese Guangzhou 生せい
Hong Kong 生せい
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 生せい
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 生せい
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 生せい
Yangjiang 生せい
Singapore (Guangfu) 生せい
Gan Nanchang 活かつ
Hakka Meixian 生せい
Hong Kong 生せい
Senai (Huiyang) 生せい
Jin Taiyuan 活かつ
Northern Min Jian'ou 生せい
Eastern Min Fuzhou 活かつ
Southern Min Xiamen 活かつ
Singapore (Hokkien) 活かつ
Chaozhou 活かつ
Bangkok (Teochew) 活かつ
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 活かつ
Singapore (Teochew) 活かつ
Wu Shanghai 活かつ
Suzhou 活かつ
Wenzhou 活かつ, 健けん
Xiang Changsha 活かつ
Shuangfeng 活かつ
  • (product):
Dialectal synonyms of 多た麼 (“how; what; so; such”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何等なんら, 何なに其, 一いち何なに, 何なに哉, 何等なんら也, 何なに則そく
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 多た麼, 何等なんら, 何なに其
Mandarin Beijing 多た麼, 多おお
Taiwan 多た麼, 多おお
Jinan 多た麼, 多おお
Xi'an 多おお
Wuhan 幾いく, 幾いく樣よう, 好このみ
Chengdu 好このみ, 多おお
Guilin 好このみ
Yangzhou 多おお
Hefei 好このみ
Malaysia 多おお
Singapore 多た麼, 多おお
Cantonese Guangzhou 幾いく, 幾いく咁
Hong Kong 幾いく, 幾いく咁
Yangjiang 幾いく
Gan Nanchang 幾いく
Hakka Meixian 幾いく
Jin Taiyuan 多た麼, 多た來き
Northern Min Jian'ou 幾多いくた
Eastern Min Fuzhou 若わか夥おびただし, 若わか
Southern Min Xiamen 偌, 偌爾仔こ, 活かつ, 活かつ欲ほし
Quanzhou 偌, 活かつ, 活かつ欲ほし
Zhangzhou 偌, 偌爾仔こ, 偌仔爾なんじ, 活かつ, 活かつ欲ほし
Taipei 偌爾, 偌仔爾なんじ
Kaohsiung 偌爾, 偌仔爾なんじ
Penang (Hokkien) 偌
Singapore (Hokkien) 偌
Manila (Hokkien) 偌
Chaozhou 若わか
Singapore (Teochew) 若わか
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 幾いく
Wu Shanghai 多少たしょう, 幾いく化か
Suzhou 幾いく化か
Wenzhou 幾いく倈, 幾いく恁
Xiang Changsha 幾いく, 幾多いくた, 好このみ
Shuangfeng 幾いく, 好このみ

Antonyms[edit]

  • (antonym(s) of “to live”): 死し (sǐ)

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (活かつ):
  • → Japanese: 活かつ(かつ) (katsu)

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 活かつ
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲こえ) 見み (28)
Final (韻いん) 末すえ (64)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Closed
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 古ふる活かつ切きり
Baxter kwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kuɑt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kʷɑt̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kuɑt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kwat̚/
Li
Rong 		/kuɑt̚/
Wang
Li 		/kuɑt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kuɑt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		guo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gut3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 活かつ
Reading # 1/2
No. 7568
Phonetic
component 		桰
Rime
group 		月つき
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		括くく
Old
Chinese 		/*koːd/

Definitions[edit]

活かつ

  1. † Only used in 活かつ活かつ (guōguō).

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

活かつ

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. alive
  2. lively
  3. (of a machine or device) on; active; in operation

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
活かつ
かつ
Grade: 2
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 活かつ (hwat, “to live”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

活かつ(かつ) • (katsu) ←くわつ (kwatu)?

  1. life

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 活かつ (MC hwat).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅘᅪᇙ〮 (Yale: hhwálq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 사ᄅᆞᆯ (Yale: salol) 활 (Yale: hwal)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

活かつ (eumhun 살 활 (sal hwal))

  1. Hanja form? of 활 (“activity”). [affix]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

活かつ: Hán Nôm readings: hoạt, oặt, oạc

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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