爪
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Translingual
editStroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
edit- 爫 – when used as a top radical
Han character
edit- Kangxi radical #87, ⽖.
Derived terms
edit- Appendix:Chinese radical/
爪 - 𫩜, 𢁬,
抓 , 沠, 𤜶, 枛, 𤣺, 𥄄, 𮄨, 𧘷, 䖣, 𧠘, 𧦐, 䝖, 𬦦, 𮠜, 釽(𬬲), 𤔗, 𩨢, 𪗢 - 𦧍, 𧠙, 坕, 𦥝, 𫵕, 𦬔, 𢦞, 𪽫, 𮃹, 𤰰,
笊 , 𮍕, 𢦼, 𤰲, 𩬐
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 688, character 26
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19653
- Dae Jaweon: page 1101, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2030, character 1
- Unihan data for U+722A
Chinese
editGlyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Pictogram (
Etymology 1
edittrad. | ||
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simp. # | ||
alternative forms | 㕚 ancient |
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zao3
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zaau2
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): cháu
- Jin (Wiktionary): zua2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5tsau / 3tsau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄚˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhuǎ
- Wade–Giles: chua3
- Yale: jwǎ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: joa
- Palladius: чжуа (čžua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ä²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄚˇㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhuǎr
- Wade–Giles: chua3-ʼrh
- Yale: jwǎr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: joal
- Palladius: чжуар (čžuar)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑɻ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, literary)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhǎo
- Wade–Giles: chao3
- Yale: jǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jao
- Palladius: чжао (čžao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese, vernacular)+
- zhuǎ - “claw; claw-like object”.
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zao3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zao
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sau⁵³/
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaau2
- Yale: jáau
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaau2
- Guangdong Romanization: zao2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saːu̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: cháu
- Hakka Romanization System: zauˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zau3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sau̯³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zua2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sua⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liáu
- Tâi-lô: liáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: liao
- IPA (Quanzhou): /liau⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niáu
- Tâi-lô: niáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: niao
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /niãu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiáu
- Tâi-lô: jiáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: jiao
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiáu
- Tâi-lô: tsiáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: ciao
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡siau⁵³/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siau⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháu
- Tâi-lô: tsáu
- Phofsit Daibuun: zao
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sau⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sau⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- liáu/niáu/jiáu - vernacular (“claw; nail; ”);
- chiáu - vernacular;
- cháu - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: riao2 / riou2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: jiáu / jióu
- Sinological IPA (key): /d͡ziau⁵²/, /d͡ziou⁵²/
- riao2 - Shantou;
- riou2 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: tsraewX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤ<r>uʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsruːʔ/
Definitions
edit- claw (of animal, bird); talon; paw; nail
- (Hakka) to grab with claws
- claw-like object; foot (of an item)
- (derogatory or humorous) hand (of a person)
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) nail (of a person)
- (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) bamboo rake or harrow
- a surname
Usage notes
edit爪 (zhuǎ) ― paws or claws of vertebrates, except for humans, bears, ducks, geese and swans- 鉗/钳 (qián) ― claws of arthropods (crabs, clawed lobsters, scorpions, etc.)
掌 (zhǎng) ― hands, paws or claws of humans (only in compounds), bears, ducks, geese or swans手 (shǒu) ― hands or hooves of humans or swine (only for culinary swine hooves)- 蹄 (tí) ― hooves
Synonyms
editCompounds
edit一 鱗 一 爪 /一 鳞一爪 一 鱗 半 爪 /一 鳞半爪 (yīlínbànzhǎo)八 爪 魚 /八 爪 鱼 (bāzhuǎyú)- 冰爪
展 爪 張 牙 舞 爪 /张牙舞 爪 (zhāngyáwǔzhǎo)心 膂爪牙 手 爪 (shǒuzhuǎ)探 爪 兒 /探 爪 儿握 拳 透 爪 東 鱗 西 爪 /东鳞西 爪 (dōnglínxīzhuǎ)熊 爪 熱 爪 哇/热爪哇 (rèzhǎowā)爪 兒 /爪 儿爪印 爪 哇 (Zhǎowā)爪 哇人 (Zhǎowārén)爪 哇國/爪 哇国 (Zhǎowāguó)爪 哇島/爪 哇岛爪 哇族爪 塔 爪 士 爪 子 (zhǎozi)爪 字 頭 /爪 字 头 (zhǎozìtóu)爪 尋 /爪 寻爪 尖 兒 /爪 尖 儿爪 枯爪牙 (zhǎoyá)爪牙 之 士 爪牙 之 將 /爪牙 之 将 爪牙 吏爪牙 官 爪 甲 爪 甲 點 金 /爪 甲 点 金 爪痕 爪 老 爪 袖 爪 角 爪 蹄類/爪 蹄类爪 章 片鱗 半 爪 /片 鳞半爪 牙 爪 犬 牙 鷹 爪 /犬 牙 鹰爪狗 爪 子 祿 山 之 爪 /禄 山 之 爪 - 繫爪/
系 爪 能 牙 利 爪 (néngyálìzhǎo)舞 爪 張 牙 /舞 爪 张牙虎 爪 拳 虎 爪 豆 通 眉 長 爪 /通 眉 长爪鉤 爪 /钩爪鉤 爪 鋸 牙 /钩爪锯牙鋸 牙 鉤 爪 /锯牙钩爪- 雞爪/鸡爪
- 雞爪
釘 /鸡爪钉 雪 泥 鴻 爪 /雪 泥 鸿爪飛 爪 /飞爪飛 鴻 雪 爪 /飞鸿雪 爪 魔 爪 (mózhǎo)鱗 爪 /鳞爪 (línzhǎo)- 鱉爪/鳖爪
鳥 爪 /鸟爪鳳 爪 /凤爪 (fèngzhǎo)鴻 爪 /鸿爪- 鵰心
雁 爪 /雕心雁 爪 鷹 爪 /鹰爪鷹 爪 功 /鹰爪功 鷹 爪 毛 兒 /鹰爪毛 儿龍 爪 /龙爪龍 爪 書 /龙爪书龍 爪 槐 /龙爪槐
Etymology 2
edittrad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. # | ||
alternative forms |
Pronunciation
edit- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niàu
- Tâi-lô: niàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: niaux
- IPA (Xiamen): /niãu²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /niãu¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liàu
- Tâi-lô: liàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: liaux
- IPA (Quanzhou): /liau⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiàu
- Tâi-lô: jiàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: jiaux
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau²¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau²¹/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
Definitions
edit- (Southern Min) to claw; to scratch (with one's claw or nail)
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) Classifier for claw or scratch mark.
Compounds
editReferences
edit- “
爪 ”, in漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
editReadings
edit- Go-on: しょう (shō)←せう (seu, historical)
- Kan-on: そう (sō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kun: つめ (tsume,
爪 , Jōyō)、つま (tsuma,爪 , Jōyō †)
Etymology 1
editKanji in this term |
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つめ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *tumay. The standalone form of tsuma below.[1]
Pronunciation
editNoun
editDerived terms
edit鷹 の爪 (taka no tsume)
Etymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
つま Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. The root form of tsume above, generally only used in compounds. Cognate with
Affix
editDerived terms
edit爪 音 (tsumaoto, “the sound of a stringed instrument when plucked with a pick or plectrum; the sound of a horse's hoofbeat”)爪 弾 く (tsumabiku, “to pluck with one's fingernail, such as a stringed instrument”)爪 折 る (tsumaoru, “to pick or break something off with one's fingernails”)爪 隠 ,爪 隠 し (tsumakakushi, “hiding one's claws; a kind of zōri grass sandal, where the front end extends and folds over the tops of the toes”)爪 先 (tsumasaki, “tiptoe”)- 摘まむ (tsumamu, “to pinch; to pick at; to pick something up with the tips of one's fingers”)
- 摘む (tsumu, “to pick something up with the tips of one's fingers; to snip the tip off of something”)
- 躓く (tsumazuku, “to stumble”)
爪 楊枝 (tsuma yōji, “a small toothpick”)
References
editKhitan
editEtymology
editDistantly related with Proto-Mongolic *ǰaxun (“hundred”), whence Classical Mongolian ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ (ǰaɣun) (> Mongolian зуу (zuu) and Daur jau).
Numeral
edit- hundred (100)
Korean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese
Hanja
editCompounds
editReferences
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (
國際 退 溪 學會 大邱 慶 北 支部 ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子 字典 . [2]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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