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Wiktionary

陸りく

See also: 陆 and 六ろく
陸りく U+9678, 陸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9678
← 陷おちい
[U+9677] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 陹 →
[U+9679]
陸 U+F9D3, 陸
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D3
← 戮
[U+F9D2] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 倫 →
[U+F9D4]

Translingual

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Han character

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陸りく (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓ゆみ中土なかつち金きん土ど (NLGCG), four-corner 74214, composition ⿰阝坴)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1355, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41708
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4134, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9678

Chinese

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trad. 陸りく
simp. 陆
alternative forms
𤱒
𡽷
𨽐
𨽰
𨽫
𤱒
𡽷
𨽐
𨽰
𨽫
𨽱
𠃈
 
 
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (坴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
睦あつし *mluɡ
坴 *m·ruɡ
陸りく *m·ruɡ
稑 *ruɡ
鵱 *ruɡ
鯥 *ruɡ
淕 *ruɡ
踛 *ruɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *m·ruɡ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ).

Etymology 1

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Perhaps related to Proto-Wa (*[ʔ]rok, "dry land") (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • lah7 - vernacular;
  • loeh7/lyeh7 - literary.
Note:
  • lêg8 - vernacular;
  • log8 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 陸りく
Mandarin Beijing /lu⁵¹/
Harbin /lu⁵³/
Tianjin /lu⁵³/
Jinan /lu²¹/
Qingdao /lu⁴²/
Zhengzhou /lu²⁴/
Xi'an /lu²¹/
Xining /lv̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /lu¹³/
Lanzhou /lu¹³/
Ürümqi /lu²¹³/
Wuhan /nəu²¹³/
Chengdu /nu³¹/
Guiyang /nu²¹/
Kunming /lu³¹/
Nanjing /luʔ⁵/
Hefei /luəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /luəʔ²/
Pingyao /luʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /luəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /loʔ¹/
Suzhou /loʔ³/
Hangzhou /loʔ²/
Wenzhou /lɤu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /lo²²/
Tunxi /ləu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ləu²⁴/
Xiangtan /nəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /luʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /liuk̚⁵/
Taoyuan /liuk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /lok̚²/
Nanning /luk̚²²/
Hong Kong /luk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liɔk̚⁵/
/lak̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /løyʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ly⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /lek̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lok̚⁵/ ～地ち
/lok̚³/ ～續つづけ
Rime
Character 陸りく
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲こえ) 來き (37)
Final (韻いん) 屋や (4)
Tone (調しらべ) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) III
Fanqie 力ちから竹たけ切きり
Baxter ljuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/luwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/liuk̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/li̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		luk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 陸りく
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		lù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljuwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[r]uk/
English land (as opposed to water)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 陸りく
Reading # 1/1
No. 8533
Phonetic
component 		坴
Rime
group 		覺さとし
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		六ろく
Old
Chinese 		/*m·ruɡ/

Definitions

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陸りく

  1. land; continent; mainland
    登とう陸りく／登とう陆  ―  dēnglù  ―  to land; to go ashore
    陸りく路みち／陆路みち  ―  lùlù  ―  land route
  2. land route; surface transport
  3. Short for 中國ちゅうごく大陸たいりく／中国ちゅうごく大だい陆 (Zhōngguó dàlù, “mainland China”).
    陸りく生せい／陆生せい  ―  lùshēng  ―  student from mainland China studying in Taiwan
  4. Short for 陸軍りくぐん／陆军 (lùjūn, “army”).
  5. a surname: Lu
    陸りく游ゆう／陆游ゆう  ―  Lù Yóu  ―  Lu You (Southern Song dynasty poet)
Synonyms
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  • (land route):
Antonyms
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Compounds

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Note:
  • la̍k - vernacular;
  • lio̍k - literary.

Definitions

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陸りく

  1. (financial) Alternative form of 六ろく (“six”)

See also

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Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
Normal
(小しょう寫うつし／小しょう写うつし) 		〇, 零れい, 空そら 一いち, 蜀しょく 二に, 兩りょう／两 三さん 四よん 五ご 六ろく 七なな 八はち 九きゅう 十じゅう 百ひゃく 千せん 萬まん／万まん,
十じゅう千せん (Malaysia, Singapore) 		百ひゃく萬まん／百ひゃく万まん,
桶おけ(Philippines),
面めん桶おけ (Philippines) 		億おく／亿 兆ちょう (Taiwan)
萬まん億おく／万まん亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大だい寫うつし／大だい写うつし) 		零れい 壹いち 貳に／贰 參まいり／叁 肆 伍ご 陸りく／陆 柒 捌 玖 拾ひろえ 佰 仟

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Definitions

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陸りく

  1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of 碌ろく (le̍k, “tired; to become tired (from something)”)
    陸りく路みち／陆路みち  ―  le̍k-lō͘  ―  to become tired after travelling
    陸りく腸ちょう陸りく肚／陆肠陆肚  ―  le̍k-tn̂g-le̍k-tō͘  ―  to work very hard
    無む陸りく水みず錢ぜに／无陆水みず钱  ―  bô-le̍k-súi-chîⁿ  ―  quick money; money earned without effort

Japanese

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Kanji

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陸りく

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. land
  2. (financial, archaic) six

Readings

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Synonyms

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
陸りく
ろく
Grade: 4
goon
Alternative spelling
碌ろく

Originally referred to "flat" in reference to flat land, in turn the core meaning of the kanji character.[1][2]

The alternative 碌ろく spelling is an example of ateji.[1][2][3][4]

First attested in the 羅ら葡日辞書じしょ (Ra-Ho-Nichi Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Dictionary”) of 1595.[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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陸りく(ろく) • (roku) -na (adnominal 陸りく(ろく)な (roku na), adverbial 陸りく(ろく)に (roku ni))

  1. [from 1595] flat, not steep
    • 1603, 日にち葡辞書しょ [Nippo Jisho, Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary]‎[5], page 212:
      Rocuna michi.
      Rocuna michi.
      Flat road.
  2. [from roughly 1600] straightforward, uncomplicated, straight, correct
  3. [from roughly 1600] (chiefly in the negative) correct, right, complete, sufficient, satisfactory, proper
    ろくでもない人物じんぶつ(じんぶつ)、ろくに休きゅう(やす)みも取と(と)れない
    roku de mo nai jinbutsu, roku ni yasumi mo torenai
    a person who isn't right, a good-for-nothing / can't even fully take a break
  4. [from late 1600s] peaceful, tranquil, serene (said of one's surroundings)
  5. [from 1700] even-tempered, easygoing, relaxed
Inflection
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Inflection of 陸りく
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然みぜん形がた) 陸りくだろ ろくだろ roku daro
Continuative (連用形れんようけい) 陸りくで ろくで roku de
Terminal (終止しゅうし形がた) 陸りくだ ろくだ roku da
Attributive (連体れんたい形がた) 陸ろくな ろくな roku na
Hypothetical (仮定かてい形がた) 陸りくなら ろくなら roku nara
Imperative (命令めいれい形がた) 陸りくであれ ろくであれ roku de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 陸りくではない
陸りくじゃない 		ろくではない
ろくじゃない 		roku de wa nai
roku ja nai
Informal past 陸りくだった ろくだった roku datta
Informal negative past 陸りくではなかった
陸りくじゃなかった 		ろくではなかった
ろくじゃなかった 		roku de wa nakatta
roku ja nakatta
Formal 陸りくです ろくです roku desu
Formal negative 陸りくではありません
陸りくじゃありません 		ろくではありません
ろくじゃありません 		roku de wa arimasen
roku ja arimasen
Formal past 陸りくでした ろくでした roku deshita
Formal negative past 陸りくではありませんでした
陸りくじゃありませんでした 		ろくではありませんでした
ろくじゃありませんでした 		roku de wa arimasen deshita
roku ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 陸りくで ろくで roku de
Conditional 陸りくなら（ば） ろくなら（ば） roku nara (ba)
Provisional 陸りくだったら ろくだったら roku dattara
Volitional 陸りくだろう ろくだろう roku darō
Adverbial 陸ろくに ろくに roku ni
Degree 陸りくさ ろくさ rokusa

Noun

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陸りく(ろく) • (roku) 

  1. [from 1595] flatness
  2. [from roughly 1600] straightforwardness, uncomplicatedness, straightness, correctness
  3. [from roughly 1600] (mostly used in negative expressions) correctness, rightness, completeness, sufficientness, satisfactoriness, properness
  4. [from late 1600s] peacefulness, tranquility, serenity (said of one's surroundings)
  5. [from 1700] an even temper, easygoingness, relaxedness

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
陸りく
ろく
Grade: 4
goon
Alternative spelling
六ろく (non-legal)

Substitute spelling for 六ろく (roku, “six”),[6][2] likely borrowed from similar usage of written Chinese 陸りく／陆 (“six”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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陸りく(ろく) • (roku) 

  1. (financial, archaic) the number six, 6 (used only in legal documents, otherwise 六ろく)
Usage notes
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Legal uses arose due to the relative ease with which certain number kanji can be fraudulently altered to look like other number kanji. For instance, 一いち (ichi, “one”) could be modified to look like 六ろく (roku, “six”), but it cannot be modified to look like 陸りく (roku, “six”, in legal contexts).

See also
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  • 大字だいじ (daiji, “big character”, more-complicated kanji used as phonetic replacements for simpler numeric kanji, in order to prevent fraudulent modification)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
陸りく
りく
Grade: 4
kan'on

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 陸りく (MC ljuwk). First attested in Japanese as a standalone noun in a text from the mid-1400s.[7]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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陸りく(りく) • (riku) 

  1. [from mid-1400s] land (as opposed to sea or other bodies of water)
    Synonyms: 陸地りくち (rikuchi), おか (oka), くにが (kuniga), くぬが (kunuga), くが (kuga)

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
陸りく
おか
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 陸りく – see the following entry.
【おか】
[noun] [from 1310] land, ground (as opposed to the sea or other bodies of water)
[noun] [from 1708] the bathing area next to an お風呂ふろ (ofuro, “traditional Japanese soaking tub”), often raised relative to the tub basin
[noun] [from 1873] the raised portion of a 硯すずり (suzuri, “inkstone”) where one grinds the stick of India ink (as opposed to the 池いけ (ike, literally “pond”) or 海うみ (umi, literally “sea”), the small depressed basin area where one pours in the water)
Alternative spelling
岡おか
(This term, 陸りく, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 5

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Kanji in this term
陸りく
くが
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 陸りく – see the following entry.
【くが】
[noun] 陸りく: [from 720] the land, the land portion of an area, as opposed to seas, rivers, lakes, swamps, etc.
[noun] 陸りく: [mid-1700s–???] (archaic, possibly obsolete) an overland route, as opposed to an oversea route
[proper noun] 陸りく: a surname
(This term, 陸りく, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 6

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Kanji in this term
陸りく
くぬが
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 陸りく – see the following entry: くぬが

(The following entry is uncreated: くぬが.)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “陸りく・碌ろく”, in 日本にっぽん国語こくご大だい辞典じてん [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ “陸りく”, in デジタル大辞泉だいじせん [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新しん明解めいかい国語こくご辞典じてん [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  6. ^ “六ろく・陸りく”, in 日本にっぽん国語こくご大だい辞典じてん [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  7. ^ “陸りく”, in 日本にっぽん国語こくご大だい辞典じてん [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[4] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 陸りく (MC ljuwk).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[6] 두듥〮 (Yale: twùtúlk) 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

陸りく (eumhun 뭍 륙 (mut ryuk), word-initial (South Korea) 뭍 육 (mut yuk))

  1. hanja form? of 륙/육 (“(dry) land”) [affix]

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 2

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Hanja

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陸りく (eumhun 여섯 륙 (yeoseot ryuk), word-initial (South Korea) 여섯 육 (yeoseot yuk))

  1. (financial) Alternative form of 六ろく (“hanja form? of 륙/육 (“six”)”)

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [7]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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陸りく: Hán Nôm readings: lục

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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