Va language
Appearance
Va | |
---|---|
Region | Mojiang County, China |
Native speakers | 3,000 (2015)[1] |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | None (mis ) |
Glottolog | east2776 |
Va is a pair of Angkuic languages spoken in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, Yunnan, China. Although the Va autonym is vaʔ51, the language is not Wa, and neither does it belong to the Waic language subgroup. Rather, Va constitutes a separate subdivision within the Angkuic languages.
- Northern Va (about 2,000 speakers): spoken in Taihe Administrative Village
太 和 村 , Jingxing Township景 星 乡, Mojiang County, Yunnan, China. Northern Va is spoken by all generations, including children. - Southern Va (about 1,000 speakers): spoken in Zhenglong Administrative Village
正 龙村, Jingxing Township景 星 乡, Mojiang County, Yunnan, China. Southern Va is more endangered and is not spoken by children, but is also more phonologically conservative.
Distribution
[edit]Northern Va is spoken in about eight villages of Taihe Village
- Wamo 挖墨[2] (currently with vigorous language use[3])
- Xinzhai
新 寨 (Upper上 and Lower下 ) - Jiuzhai
旧 寨 - Dazhai
大 寨 (Upper上 and Lower下 ) - Xiaozhai
小 寨 (Upper上 and Lower下 )
Southern Va is spoken in the following villages of Zhenglong Village
- Pingtian
平田 [4] - Banglao 蚌老[5] (culture and language best preserved)
- Miena 乜那[6]
- Binggu
丙 故 [7] - Yin’gou 阴沟
- Yakou 丫口[8] (culture and language least preserved)
References
[edit]- ^ Hsiu (2015)
- ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Jǐngxīng Xiāng Tàihé Cūnwěihuì Wāmò Zìráncūn"
墨江 哈尼族 自治 县景星 乡太和 村 委 会 挖墨自然 村 [Wamo Natural Village, Taihe Village Committee, Jingxing Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-05-20. Retrieved 2018-12-30. - ^ Guo, Shihai; Li, Yongqiu. "
云 南 挖么布 朗 语完好 保存 的 原因 及可持 续保护探析 Good Preservation Reasons and Sustainable Development Suggestions for the Blang Language in Wamo Village, Yun Province". Journal of Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering (in Chinese) (2): 78–81. Retrieved 2023-03-21. - ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Tuántián Xiāng Chàhé Cūn Píngtián"
墨江 哈尼族 自治 县团田 乡岔河村 平田 [Pingtian, Chahe Village, Tuantian Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-05-17. Retrieved 2018-12-30. - ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Jǐngxīng Xiāng Zhènglóng Cūnwěihuì Bànglǎo Zìráncūn"
墨江 哈尼族 自治 县景星 乡正龙村委 会 蚌老自然 村 [Benglao Natural Village, Zhenglong Village Committee, Jingxing Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-05-18. Retrieved 2018-12-30. - ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Jǐngxīng Xiāng Zhènglóng Cūnwěihuì Miēnà Zìráncūn"
墨江 哈尼族 自治 县景星 乡正龙村委 会 乜那自然 村 [Miena Natural Village, Zhenglong Village Committee, Jingxing Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-05-16. Retrieved 2018-12-30. - ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Jǐngxīng Xiāng Zhènglóng Cūnwěihuì Bǐnggù Zìráncūn"
墨江 哈尼族 自治 县景星 乡正龙村委 会 丙 故 自然 村 [Binggu Natural Village, Zhenglong Village Committee, Jingxing Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-05-19. Retrieved 2018-12-30. - ^ "Mòjiāng Hānízú Zìzhìxiàn Jǐngxīng Xiāng Tàihé Cūnwěihuì Yākǒu Zìráncūn"
墨江 哈尼族 自治 县景星 乡太和 村 委 会 丫口自然 村 [Yakou Natural Village, Taihe Village Committee, Jingxing Township, Mojiang Hani Autonomous County]. ynszxc.net (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2020-05-18. Retrieved 2018-12-30.
- Hsiu, Andrew (2015). The Angkuic Languages: A Preliminary Survey. Paper presented ICAAL 6 (6th International Conference on Austroasiatic Linguistics), Siem Reap, Cambodia. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1127808.
- Hsiu, Andrew (2017a). "Va (Northern) Audio Word List". Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1122622.
- Hsiu, Andrew (2017b). "Va (Southern) Audio Word List". Zenodo. doi:10.5281/zenodo.1123287.
- Sidwell, Paul (2015). "Austroasiatic Dataset for Phylogenetic Analysis: 2015 Version" (PDF). Mon-Khmer Studies. 44: lxviii–ccclvii. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-11-29. [Wamo dialect cited.]
Further reading
[edit]- Hall, Elizabeth (2010). A Phonology of Muak Sa-aak (M.A. thesis). Payap University.