倉くら

See also: 仓

倉くら U+5009, 倉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5009 ← 倈 [U+5008] CJK Unified Ideographs 倊 → [U+500A]

Translingual

Han character

倉くら (Kangxi radical 9, 人ひと+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人ひと戈ほこ日び口こう (OIAR) or 人ひと一いち日にち口こう (OMAR), four-corner 8060₇, composition ⿱亽⿸⿴尸しかばね一いち口くち(G) or ⿱亼⿸⿴尸しかばね一いち口くち(HTJKV))

1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №183

Derived characters

• 傖, 凔, 嗆, 𪤇, 𪦔, 嵢, 愴, 搶, 滄, 獊, 䢢, 𪰻, 槍やり, 𣯙, 熗, 牄, 𤚬, 瑲, 𦞛, 𤾙, 𥎄, 𥏲, 𰧕, 𫀞, 䅮, 𬡧, 𥻲, 𦃹, 𬚤, 艙, 螥, 謒, 賶, 𧽜, 蹌, 䤌, 鎗, 𩝞, 𠑐, 䱽, 𪙎
• 創そう, 𨜾, 𠞴, 戧, 𠟐, 𠏧, 𠏓, 𩀞, 鶬, 𠑜, 蒼あおい, 瘡かさ, 𬔎, 篬, 𩮩, 𨶆, 𠥐

Related characters

• 仓 (Simplified Chinese)

Further reading

Wikisource

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 107, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 756
• Dae Jaweon: page 227, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 169, character 15
• Unihan data for U+5009

Chinese

trad.		倉くら
simp.		仓*
alternative forms		仺 ancient 𠆳 𫝉 𡶍

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倉くら
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)		Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Odd character	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script j13026 Bronze inscriptions b08054 b08055 b08056 Small seal script s03774 s03775 Transcribed ancient scripts L32910 L32911 L32912 L32913 L09963 L09964 L09965 L09966 L09967 L09968 L09969 L09970 L09971 L09972 L09973 L09974
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (倉くら) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
艙	*sʰaːŋ
倉くら	*sʰaːŋ
蒼あおい	*sʰaːŋ, *sʰaːŋʔ
滄	*sʰaːŋ, *sʰraŋs
傖	*sʰaːŋ, *zraːŋ
鶬	*sʰaːŋ
凔	*sʰaːŋ
槍やり	*sʰaŋ, *sʰraːŋ
搶	*sʰaŋ, *sʰaŋʔ, *sʰraŋʔ
蹌	*sʰaŋ
瑲	*sʰaŋ
牄	*sʰaŋ
嗆	*sʰaŋs
創そう	*sʰraŋ, *sʰraŋs
瘡かさ	*sʰraŋ
愴	*sʰraŋʔ, *sʰraŋs
鎗	*sʰraːŋ

In oracle bone and bronze inscriptions, pictogram (象形しょうけい) : a granary, depicting its roof (亼), a door (戶と), and a pit for storing grain (口くち). Alternatively an ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 合ごう (“gather”) + 戶と (“door”) – a warehouse. The component 戶と corrupted into 𠁣 in Qin bamboo slips. This form was inherited in small seal script and was misinterpreted as cognate with the unrelated 食しょく in the Shuowen Jiezi.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): cāng (cang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄤ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): cang¹

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cong¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhông

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cong¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): chŏng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhng / chhong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cang¹ / ceng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshaon

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cang
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻang¹
    • Yale: tsāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsang
    • Palladius: цан (can)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: cang¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: cang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cong¹
    • Yale: chōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhông
    • Hakka Romanization System: cong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰoŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰouŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhng / chhong
    • Tâi-lô: tshng / tshong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhngf, zhofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍³³/, /t͡sʰɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰŋ̍⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note: chhng - vernacular, chhong - literary.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cang¹ / ceng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshang / tshṳng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaŋ³³/, /t͡sʰɯŋ³³/

Note: cang1 - literary.

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshaon
    • MiniDict: tshaon^平ひらた
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰɑ̃⁵³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshang

Rime
Character	倉くら
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	清きよし (14)
Final (韻いん)	唐とう (101)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	七なな岡おか切きり
Baxter	tshang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰaŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰɑŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cong1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.r̥]ˤaŋ/, /*tsʰˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倉くら	倉くら
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cāng	cāng
Middle Chinese	‹ tshang ›	‹ tshang ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.r̥]ˁaŋ/	/*tsʰˁaŋ/
English	tshang-kæng "oriole"	granary
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倉くら
Reading #	1/1
No.	1125
Phonetic component	倉くら
Rime group	陽ひ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	倉くら
Old Chinese	/*sʰaːŋ/

Definitions

倉くら

1. granary
2. warehouse
   • 1996, 《新しん標しるべ點てん和合本わごうほん》 [Chinese Union Version Modern Punctuation], 聯合れんごう聖せい經けい公會こうかい, 路みち加か福音ふくいん [Luke] 12:24:

     你想そう烏鴉うがらす，也不ふ種たね也不ふ收おさむ，又また沒ぼつ有ゆう倉くら又また沒ぼつ有ゆう庫くら，神かみ尚なお且養やしなえ活かつ牠。你們比ひ飛鳥あすか是これ何等なんら地ち貴重きちょう呢！ [MSC, trad.]
     你想そう乌鸦，也不ふ种也不ふ收おさむ，又また没ぼつ有ゆう仓又また没ぼつ有ゆう库，神かみ尚なお且养活它。你们比ひ飞鸟是これ何等なんら地ち贵重呢！ [MSC, simp.]

     Nǐ xiǎng wūyā, yě bù zhǒng yě bù shōu, yòu méiyǒu cāng yòu méiyǒu kù, Shén shàngqiě yǎnghuó tā. Nǐmen bǐ fēiniǎo shì héděng de guìzhòng ne! [Pinyin]

     Consider the ravens: they don’t sow, they don’t reap, they have no warehouse or barn, and God feeds them. How much more valuable are you than birds! [World English Bible]

3. (trading) position
4. (Cantonese) prison
5. Alternative form of 艙／舱 (cāng)
6. Alternative form of 滄／沧 (cāng)

Compounds

• 三倉みくら／三さん仓
• 京きょう倉くら／京きょう仓
• 倉くら促／仓促 (cāngcù)
• 倒たおせ倉くら／倒たおせ仓
• 倉くら倉皇そうこう皇すめらぎ／仓仓皇すめらぎ皇すめらぎ
• 倉くら儲もうか／仓储 (cāngchǔ)
• 倉くら公こう／仓公
• 倉卒そうそつ／仓卒 (cāngcù)
• 倉くら埠／仓埠 (Cāngbù)
• 倉くら容ひろし／仓容 (cāngróng)
• 倉くら庚かのえ／仓庚 (cānggēng)
• 倉庫そうこ／仓库 (cāngkù)
• 倉くら庾／仓庾
• 倉くら廒／仓廒
• 倉くら廩／仓廪 (cānglǐn)
• 倉くら忙せわし／仓忙 (cāngmáng)
• 倉くら房ぼう／仓房 (cāngfáng)
• 倉くら猝／仓猝 (cāngcù)
• 倉皇そうこう／仓皇 (cānghuáng)
• 倉皇そうこう失しつ措／仓皇失しつ措
• 倉皇そうこう無む措／仓皇无措
• 倉くら神しん／仓神
• 倉くら租／仓租
• 倉くら頡篇／仓颉篇へん (Cāngjiépiān)
• 冷藏れいぞう倉庫そうこ／冷藏れいぞう仓库
• 千倉ちくら萬まん箱はこ／千せん仓万まん箱はこ
• 司つかさ倉くら／司つかさ仓
• 四よん行ぎょう倉庫そうこ／四よん行ぎょう仓库
• 囷倉／囷仓
• 填はま倉くら／填はま仓
• 大倉おおくら／大だい仓 (Dàcāng)
• 太ふとし倉くら／太ふとし仓 (Tàicāng)
• 太ふとし倉くら一いち粟あわ／太ふとし仓一粟あわ
• 太ふとし倉くら稊米／太ふとし仓稊米まい
• 小倉こくら山さん／小しょう仓山
• 廣惠ひろえ倉くら／广惠仓
• 快かい碼倉頡／快かい码仓颉
• 暗くら度たび陳ひね倉くら／暗くら度たび陈仓 (àndùchéncāng)
• 清きよし倉くら／清きよし仓 (qīngcāng)
• 添倉／添仓
• 監かん倉くら／监仓
• 社しゃ倉くら／社しゃ仓
• 穀倉こくそう／谷たに仓 (gǔcāng)
• 米倉よねくら／米べい仓 (mǐcāng)
• 米こめ爛ただれ成なり倉くら／米べい烂成仓
• 糧かて倉くら／粮仓 (liángcāng)
• 義ぎ倉くら／义仓 (yìcāng)
• 貨倉／货仓 (huòcāng)
• 買かい空そら倉くら／买空仓 (mǎikōngcāng)
• 鐮倉／镰仓 (Liáncāng)
• 鐮倉幕府ばくふ／镰仓幕府ばくふ

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (倉くら):

• → Japanese: 倉くら(そう) (sō)
• → Korean: 창(倉くら) (chang)
• → Vietnamese: thương (倉くら)

• → Classical Mongolian: ᠰᠠᠩ (sang)
  • Mongolian: ᠰᠠᠩ (sang) / сан (san)
  • → Buryat: сан (san), һан (han)
  • → Khamnigan Mongol: сан
  • → Tuvan: саң (sañ)
  • → Written Oirat: ᠰᠠᡊ (sang)
    • Kalmyk: саң (sañ)
• → Thai: ฉาง (chǎang)

References

• “Entry #5711”, in 教育きょういく部ぶ臺灣たいわん台たい語ご常用じょうよう詞し辭典じてん [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
• “倉くら”, in 漢語かんご多功たこう能のう字じ庫こ (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港ほんこん中ちゅう文ぶん大學だいがく (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

倉くら

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: くら (kura, 倉くら, Jōyō)

Compounds

• 校倉あぜくら
• 内うち倉くら
• 営倉えいそう
• 穀倉こくそう
• 常つね平ひら倉くら
• 船倉ふなぐら
• 弾倉だんそう
• 武器ぶき倉くら
• 米倉よねくら
• 胸倉むなぐら
• 倉荷くらに
• 倉庫そうこ
• 倉皇そうこう
• 鎌倉かまくら
• 倉くら主ぬし
• 倉敷くらしき
• 倉くら廩
• 小倉おぐら
• 小倉餡おぐらあん

Noun

倉くら(くら) • (kura) 

Kanji in this term
倉くら
くら Grade: 4
kun'yomi

1. Alternative form of 蔵ぞう

Derived terms

• 倉出くらだし
• 倉入くらいれ

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 倉くら (MC tshang). Recorded as Middle Korean 차ᇰ (chang) (Yale: chang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもう字じ會かい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (granary; warehouse; etc.):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [창]
• (in 창졸 (倉卒そうそつ, changjol)):
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠(ː)ŋ]
  • Phonetic hangul: [창(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Wikisource

倉くら (eumhun 곳집 창 (gotjip chang))

1. hanja form^? of 창 (“granary”)
2. hanja form^? of 창 (“warehouse; storage”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 창고 (倉庫そうこ, changgo)
• 창름 (倉くら凜, changneum)
• 영창 (營倉えいそう, yeongchang)
• 창부 (倉くら府ふ, changbu)
• 탄창 (彈倉だんそう, tanchang)
• 창곡 (倉くら穀こく, changgok)
• 창졸 (倉卒そうそつ, changjol)
• 창힐 (倉くら頡, Changhil)
• 개창 (開ひらき倉くら, gaechang)
• 곡창 (穀倉こくそう, gokchang)
• 선창 (船倉ふなぐら, seonchang)
• 삼창 (三倉みくら, samchang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

倉くら: Hán Nôm readings: thương, thưng, thơng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.