壇だん

See also: 坛 and 𡊨

壇だん U+58C7, 壇 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58C7 ← 壆 [U+58C6] CJK Unified Ideographs 壈 → [U+58C8]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

壇だん (Kangxi radical 32, 土ど+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 土ど卜ぼく田でん一いち (GYWM), four-corner 4011₆, composition ⿰土ど亶)

1. altar
2. arena, examination hall

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 240, character 22
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5528
• Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 492, character 12
• Unihan data for U+58C7

Chinese

trad.		壇だん
simp.		坛*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦だん) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
皽	*tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担	*taːnʔ
胆きも	*daːn, *daːn
疸	*taːnʔ, *taːns
觛	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶	*taːnʔ
嬗	*taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦だん	*taːns
鴠	*taːns
譠	*tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦ひろし	*tʰaːnʔ
但ただし	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀まゆみ	*daːn
壇だん	*daːn
儃	*daːn, *djan
驙	*daːn, *tan
袒	*daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢	*daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵	*daːnʔ
膻	*daːnʔ
澶	*daːns, *djan
邅	*tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣	*tan
饘	*tjan, *tjanʔ
旜	*tjan
氈	*tjan
鸇	*tjan
顫	*tjans
蟺	*djanʔ
擅	*djans
羶	*hljan
呾	*taːd, *ʔraːd
怛	*taːd
妲	*taːd
靼	*taːd, *tjad
炟	*taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *daːn) : semantic 土ど + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tán (tan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thàn
• Northern Min (KCR): dǔing
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tân / thân / tôaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): duan⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶de

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tán
    • Wade–Giles: tʻan²
    • Yale: tán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
    • Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: taan⁴
    • Yale: tàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tan⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: tanˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tan²
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰan¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǔing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tuiŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tân
    • Tâi-lô: tân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daan
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tan²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tan¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thân
    • Tâi-lô: thân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: taan
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰan¹³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /tʰan²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tôaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tuânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvoaa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tuã²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tuã¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tuã²⁴/

Note:

• tân/thân - literary;
• tôaⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: duan⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuâⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tũã⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶de
    • MiniDict: de^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³de
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /de²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dan

Rime
Character	壇だん
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	定じょう (7)
Final (韻いん)	寒さむ (61)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	徒と干ひ切きり
Baxter	dan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dan/
Li Rong	/dɑn/
Wang Li	/dɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]anʔ/, /*[d]ˤan/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壇だん	壇だん
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shàn	tán
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyenX ›	‹ dan ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]anʔ/	/*[d]ˁan/
English	leveled area	altar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壇だん
Reading #	1/1
No.	2063
Phonetic component	旦だん
Rime group	元もと
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	壇だん
Old Chinese	/*daːn/

Definitions

壇だん

1. altar (Classifier: 座ざ)

   中華ちゅうか世紀せいき壇だん／中ちゅう华世よ纪坛  ―  zhōnghuá shìjì tán  ―  China Millennium Monument

   • 北宮きたみや奢おご為ため衛まもる靈れい公おおやけ賦ふ斂以為ため鐘かね，為ため壇だん乎國くに門もん之これ外そと，三さん月つき而成なり上下じょうげ之これ縣けん。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     北きた宫奢おご为卫灵公おおやけ赋敛以为钟，为坛乎国くに门之これ外そと，三さん月つき而成なり上下じょうげ之これ县。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Běigōng Shē wèi Wèi Línggōng fùliǎn yǐ wèi zhōng, wèi tán hū guómén zhī wài, sān yuè ér chéng shàngxià zhī xiàn. [Pinyin]

     Beigong She was collecting taxes for Duke Ling of Wei in order to make a set of bells. He built a platform outside the gate of the outer wall, and in the space of three months the bells were completed, both the upper and lower tiers.

2. raised plot of land for planting flowers, etc.

   花はな壇だん／花はな坛  ―  huātán  ―  raised flowerbed

3. forum; place for giving lectures or speeches

   論ろん壇だん／论坛  ―  lùntán  ―  forum

4. circles

   文ぶん壇だん／文ぶん坛  ―  wéntán  ―  literary circles

   體からだ壇だん／体からだ坛  ―  tǐtán  ―  sports world

5. (Cantonese) Classifier for affairs or matters.

Compounds

• 七なな星ほし壇だん／七なな星ほし坛
• 乩壇／乩坛
• 仙せん壇だん／仙せん坛
• 六ろく祖そ壇だん經けい／六ろく祖そ坛经 (Liùzǔ Tánjīng)
• 名めい壇だん／名めい坛
• 吟ぎん壇だん／吟ぎん坛
• 壇だん兆ちょう／坛兆
• 壇だん坫／坛坫
• 壇だん坫週旋／坛坫周旋しゅうせん
• 壇だん場じょう／坛场 (tánchǎng)
• 壇だん宇／坛宇
• 天壇てんだん／天てん坛 (Tiāntán)
• 尼あま壇だん／尼あま坛
• 影かげ壇だん／影かげ坛 (yǐngtán)
• 戒壇かいだん／戒坛
• 打だ沒頭ぼっとう壇だん／打だ没ぼつ头坛 (dǎmòtóután)
• 政せい壇だん／政せい坛 (zhèngtán)
• 文壇ぶんだん／文ぶん坛 (wéntán)
• 杏あんず壇だん／杏あんず坛 (xìngtán)
• 棒ぼう壇だん／棒ぼう坛
• 榕よう壇だん問とい業ぎょう／榕よう坛问业
• 樂壇がくだん／乐坛 (yuètán)
• 模も網もう論壇ろんだん／模かたぎ网论坛
• 歌壇かだん／歌うた坛 (gētán)
• 泳およげ壇だん／泳およげ坛 (yǒngtán)
• 泰たい壇だん／泰たい坛
• 法ほう壇だん／法ほう坛
• 海うみ壇だん／海うみ坛 (Hǎitán)
• 畫壇がだん／画が坛 (huàtán)
• 登壇とうだん／登とう坛 (dēngtán)
• 登壇とうだん拜はい將しょう／登とう坛拜将しょう
• 碑いしぶみ壇だん／碑いしぶみ坛
• 神かみ壇だん／神かみ坛 (shéntán)
• 神かみ農みのり壇だん／神かみ农坛 (Shénnóngtán)
• 祭壇さいだん／祭まつり坛 (jìtán)
• 築ちく壇だん／筑坛
• 築ちく壇だん拜はい將しょう／筑坛拜はい将しょう
• 籃壇／篮坛 (lántán)
• 經壇きょうだん／经坛
• 網あみ路ろ論壇ろんだん／网路论坛
• 線上せんじょう論壇ろんだん／线上论坛
• 花壇かだん／花はな坛 (huātán)
• 花壇かだん鄉きょう／花はな坛乡
• 菊きく壇だん／菊きく坛
• 藝げい壇だん／艺坛 (yìtán)
• 詩壇しだん／诗坛 (shītán)
• 論壇ろんだん／论坛 (lùntán)
• 論壇ろんだん區く／论坛区く
• 講壇こうだん／讲坛 (jiǎngtán)
• 議ぎ壇だん／议坛
• 趙ちょう玄げん壇だん／赵玄坛
• 郊壇／郊坛
• 郊壇下か窯かま／郊坛下か窑
• 醮壇／醮坛
• 雩壇／雩坛
• 電子でんし論壇ろんだん／电子论坛
• 韓かん信しん登壇とうだん／韩信登とう坛
• 體からだ壇だん／体からだ坛 (tǐtán)
• 齋とき壇だん／斋坛

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (壇だん):

• → Japanese: 壇だん(だん) (dan)
• → Korean: 단(壇だん) (dan)
• → Vietnamese: đàn (壇だん)

References

• “壇だん”, in 漢語かんご多功たこう能のう字じ庫こ (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港ほんこん中ちゅう文ぶん大學だいがく (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	壇だん
Kyūjitai	壇だん󠄂 壇だん+󠄂? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

壇だん

(Jōyō kanji)

1. podium, stage, rostrum, terrace

Readings

• Go-on: だん (dan, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō ^†)
• Kun: たいら (taira, 壇だん); ところ (tokoro, 壇だん); ば (ba, 壇だん)

Proper noun

壇だん(だん) • (Dan) 

1. a surname

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ta̠n]
• Phonetic hangul: [단]

Hanja

Wikisource

壇だん (eumhun 제단 단 (jedan dan))

1. hanja form^? of 제 (“altar”)

Compounds

• 제단 (祭壇さいだん, jedan, “altar”)

Vietnamese

Han character

壇だん: Hán Nôm readings: đàn, đường

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.