載の

See also: 载

載の U+8F09, 載 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F09 ← 輈 [U+8F08] CJK Unified Ideographs 輊 → [U+8F0A]

Translingual

Han character

載の (Kangxi radical 159, 車くるま+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 十じゅう戈ほこ十じゅう田た十じゅう (JIJWJ), four-corner 4355₀, composition ⿹𢦏車くるま)

Derived characters

• 儎, 𢶪, 𰝑, 𪳾, 𫄇, 𠥠

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1243, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38309
• Dae Jaweon: page 1719, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3526, character 10
• Unihan data for U+8F09

Chinese

trad.		載の
simp.		载
alternative forms		𡕀

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (𢦏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
𢦏	*ʔslɯː
栽	*ʔslɯː, *zlɯːs
哉	*ʔslɯː
烖	*ʔslɯː
載の	*ʔslɯːʔ, *ʔslɯːs, *zlɯːs
渽	*ʔsɯː
睵	*ʔsɯː, *sʰɯː
溨	*zɯː
裁たっ	*zlɯː, *zlɯːs
酨	*l'ɯːs, *zlɯːs
蛓	*sʰles, *sʰɯs
胾	*ʔsrɯs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *ʔslɯːʔ, *ʔslɯːs, *zlɯːs) : semantic 車くるま (“chariot”) + phonetic 𢦏 (OC *ʔslɯː).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zài (zai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chai / choi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zoi⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): cái
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zai³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tse

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zài
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zài
    • Wade–Giles: tsai⁴
    • Yale: dzài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzay
    • Palladius: цзай (czaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵¹/

Note: Colloquially often mispronounced zǎi in the Mainland - this is kept as standard in some words (e.g. 下した載の).

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zoi³
    • Yale: joi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zoi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chai / choi
    • Hakka Romanization System: zai / zoi
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zai⁴ / zoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯⁵⁵/, /t͡soi̯⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zoi⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡soɪ⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑi²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chài
    • Tâi-lô: tsài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zai³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tse
    • MiniDict: tse^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tse
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡se³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzojH

Rime
Character	載の
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲こえ)	從したがえ (15)
Final (韻いん)	咍 (41)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	昨さく代だい切きり
Baxter	dzojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zəiH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zəjH/
Li Rong	/d͡zᴀiH/
Wang Li	/d͡zɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-ts]ˤəʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zlɯːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	載の
Reading #	2/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zài
Middle Chinese	‹ dzojH ›
Old Chinese	/*[m-ts]ˁəʔ-s/
English	load on a vehicle (v.t.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	載の
Reading #	3/3
No.	16499
Phonetic component	𢦏
Rime group	之これ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	載の
Old Chinese	/*zlɯːs/

Definitions

載の

1. to ride; to travel (by); to take
2. to carry; to hold; to be loaded with; to transport; to deliver; to escort; to accompany (to a certain place)

   載の人ひと航こう天てん／载人ひと航こう天てん  ―  zàirénhángtiān  ―  human spaceflight

   你可か以載の我わが去さ火ひ車しゃ站嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
   你可か以载我わが去さ火ひ车站吗？ [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ kěyǐ zài wǒ qù huǒchēzhàn ma? [Pinyin]

   Can you drive me to the train station?

3. to bear (the weight of); to support; to hold up; to uphold; to sustain

   • 水みず則のり載の舟ふね，水みず則のり覆くつがえ舟ふね。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     水みず则载舟ふね，水みず则覆くつがえ舟ふね。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Shuǐ zé zài zhōu, shuǐ zé fù zhōu. [Pinyin]

     Water supports the boat, and also overturns it.

4. to be charged with; to assume (responsibility)
5. to put into force; to come into effect
6. to set out; to display
7. to be in a certain condition
8. to offer sacrifices to gods or ancestors
9. to begin; to start
10. to decorate; to deck out
11. (in the form of 載の…載の…) Indicating simultaneous, interspersed, or continually repeated actions.

    載の歌うた載の舞まい／载歌うた载舞まい  ―  zàigēzàiwǔ  ―  to sing and dance

12. as well as; also
13. to be full of; to fill (the road); to be all over
14. (colloquial) Short for 下した載の (“to download”).

    先さき去さ載の個こ軟件。／先さき去さ载个软件。  ―  Xiān qù zǎi ge ruǎnjiàn.  ―  Download the software first.

15. vehicle; car; ship
16. things loaded; loads
17. affair; cause; undertaking
18. Classifier for amount loaded by one chariot.
19. (Eastern Min) would rather; rather

Compounds

• 倒たおせ載の干戈かんか
• 厚あつ德とく載の物もの／厚あつ德とく载物 (hòudézàiwù)
• 厚あつ德とく載の福ぶく／厚あつ德とく载福
• 厚あつ載の／厚あつ载
• 口碑こうひ載の道みち／口碑こうひ载道
• 地ち無む不ふ載の／地ち无不载
• 大だい車くるま以載／大だい车以载
• 天地てんち蓋ぶた載の／天地てんち盖载
• 天てん覆くつがえ地ち載の／天てん覆くつがえ地ち载
• 巔峰負まけ載の／巅峰负载
• 干戈かんか載の戢
• 怨聲載の路みち／怨声载路
• 怨聲載の道みち／怨声载道 (yuànshēngzàidào)
• 承うけたまわ載の／承うけたまわ载
• 搭載とうさい／搭载 (dāzài)
• 攬載／揽载
• 文ぶん以載道どう／文ぶん以载道どう (wényǐzàidào)
• 斗と量りょう車載しゃさい／斗と量りょう车载
• 明あかり仔こ載の／明あかり仔こ载 (bîn-á-chài)
• 滿載まんさい／满载 (mǎnzài)
• 滿載まんさい而歸／满载而归 (mǎnzài'érguī)
• 稛載／稛载
• 裝そう載の／装そう载 (zhuāngzài)
• 覆くつがえ舟ふね載の舟ふね／覆くつがえ舟ふね载舟
• 覆くつがえ載の／覆くつがえ载
• 該載／该载
• 負ふ載の／负载 (fùzài)
• 負ふ載の開ひらき關せき／负载开关
• 超ちょう載の／超ちょう载 (chāozài)
• 車載しゃさい斗と量りょう／车载斗と量りょう (chēzàidǒuliàng)
• 載の客きゃく／载客 (zàikè)
• 載の客きゃく量りょう／载客量りょう
• 載の機き／载机
• 載の歌うた且舞／载歌且舞
• 載の歌うた載の舞まい／载歌载舞 (zàigēzàiwǔ)
• 載の沉載浮／载沉载浮
• 載の波なみ／载波 (zàibō)
• 載の福ぶく／载福
• 載の笑わらい載の言げん／载笑载言
• 載の舟ふね覆くつがえ舟ふね／载舟覆くつがえ舟ふね
• 載の芟／载芟
• 載の荷に／载荷
• 載の見み／载见
• 載の譽ほまれ／载誉
• 載貨さいか／载货
• 載の道みち／载道 (zàidào)
• 載の運うん／载运
• 載の道みち怨聲／载道怨声
• 載の酒さけ／载酒
• 載の酒さけ問とい字じ／载酒问字
• 載の重おも／载重 (zàizhòng)
• 載の重量じゅうりょう／载重量りょう (zàizhòngliàng)
• 載の馳はせ／载驰
• 載の馳はせ載の驅か／载驰载驱
• 載の驅か／载驱
• 載の體からだ／载体
• 輦載／辇载
• 過か載の／过载 (guòzài)
• 運うん載の／运载 (yùnzài)
• 頌聲載の道みち／颂声载道
• 餓かつえ莩載道どう／饿莩载道

 

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǎi, zài

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞˇ, ㄗㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chai
• Eastern Min (BUC): cái
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chài

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zai³

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tse

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǎi
    • Wade–Giles: tsai³
    • Yale: dzǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzae
    • Palladius: цзай (czaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zài
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zài
    • Wade–Giles: tsai⁴
    • Yale: dzài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzay
    • Palladius: цзай (czaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zoi³
    • Yale: joi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi³
    • Guangdong Romanization: zoi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chai
    • Hakka Romanization System: zai
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zai⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑi²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chài
    • Tâi-lô: tsài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zaix
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zai³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tse
    • MiniDict: tse^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tse
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡se³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsojH

Rime
Character	載の
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲こえ)	精せい (13)
Final (韻いん)	咍 (41)
Tone (調しらべ)	Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	作さく代だい切きり
Baxter	tsojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʌiH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səiH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɒiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səjH/
Li Rong	/t͡sᴀiH/
Wang Li	/t͡sɒiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑ̆iH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤə[ʔ]-s/, /*[ts]ˤəʔ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	載の	載の
Reading #	3/4	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zài	zài
Middle Chinese	‹ tsojH ›	‹ tsojH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁə[ʔ]-s/	/*[ts]ˁəʔ-s/
English	record (v.)	be conveyed in a vehicle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	載の
Reading #	2/3
No.	16493
Phonetic component	𢦏
Rime group	之これ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	載の
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯːs/

Definitions

載の

1. to record; to put down in writing (i.e. “to be conveyed”)
2. to describe; to depict

Compounds

• 侔德覆くつがえ載の／侔德覆くつがえ载
• 刊かん載の／刊かん载 (kānzǎi)
• 前まえ載の／前ぜん载
• 報むくい載の／报载
• 登載とうさい／登とう载 (dēngzǎi)
• 記載きさい／记载 (jìzǎi)
• 載の明あきら／载明
• 載の書しょ／载书 (zàishū)
• 載の籍せき／载籍
• 載の記き／载记
• 轉載てんさい／转载
• 轉載てんさい稿こう／转载稿こう
• 連載れんさい／连载 (liánzǎi)
• 長篇ちょうへん連載れんさい／长篇连载
• 附ふ載の／附ふ载

 

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zǎi (zai³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chái
• Eastern Min (BUC): cāi
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cháiⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zai²

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵tse

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zǎi
    • Wade–Giles: tsai³
    • Yale: dzǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzae
    • Palladius: цзай (czaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zoi²
    • Yale: jói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: zoi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chái
    • Hakka Romanization System: zai^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zai³
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cāi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cháiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tsáinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zvae
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sãi⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sãi⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sãi⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sãi⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sãi⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zai²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsái
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵tse
    • MiniDict: tse^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²tse
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡se³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsojX

Rime
Character	載の
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲こえ)	精せい (13)
Final (韻いん)	咍 (41)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	作さく亥い切きり
Baxter	tsojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʌiX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡səiX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɒiX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səjX/
Li Rong	/t͡sᴀiX/
Wang Li	/t͡sɒiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑ̆iX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǎi
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zoi2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤəʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔslɯːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	載の
Reading #	1/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǎi
Middle Chinese	‹ tsojX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁəʔ/
English	year
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	載の
Reading #	1/3
No.	16492
Phonetic component	𢦏
Rime group	之これ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	宰おさむ
Old Chinese	/*ʔslɯːʔ/

Definitions

載の

1. Classifier for years.
2. (numeral) hundred tredecillion (10⁴⁴)

Compounds

• 一いち年ねん半はん載の／一いち年ねん半はん载 (yīniánbànzǎi)
• 三さん年ねん五ご載の／三さん年ねん五ご载 (sānniánwǔzǎi)
• 億おく載の金城きんじょう／亿载金城きんじょう
• 十じゅう年ねん八はち載の／十じゅう年ねん八はち载 (shíniánbāzǎi)
• 十じゅう載の寒さむ窗まど／十じゅう载寒窗まど
• 千せん年ねん萬まん載の／千せん年ねん万まん载
• 千載せんざい／千せん载 (qiānzǎi)
• 千載せんざい一いち合ごう／千せん载一いち合ごう
• 千載せんざい一いち時じ／千せん载一时
• 千載せんざい一いち會かい／千せん载一会かい
• 千載せんざい一いち逢／千せん载一逢
• 千載一遇せんざいいちぐう／千せん载一遇ぐう (qiānzǎiyīyù)
• 千載せんざい揚あげ名めい／千せん载扬名めい
• 千載せんざい獨步どっぽ／千せん载独步ふ
• 千載せんざい難なん逢／千せん载难逢 (qiānzǎinánféng)
• 萬ばん載の千秋せんしゅう／万まん载千秋せんしゅう (wànzǎiqiānqiū)
• 遺のこ臭ぐさ萬ばん載の／遗臭万まん载

 

See also

Chinese numerals
104	108	1012	1016	1020	1024	1028	1032	1036	1040	1044	1048
萬まん／万まん (wàn)	億おく／亿 (yì)	兆ちょう (zhào) (Taiwan)	京きょう (jīng) (Taiwan)	垓 (gāi)	秭 (zǐ)	穰みのる (ráng)	溝みぞ／沟 (gōu)	澗／涧 (jiàn)	正ただし (zhèng)	載の／载 (zài)	極ごく／极 (jí)
		萬まん億おく／万まん亿 (wànyì) (Mainland China)	億おく億おく/亿亿 (Mainland China)

Japanese

Kanji

載の

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: さい (sai, Jōyō); ざい (zai)
• Kan-on: さい (sai, Jōyō)
• Kun: のる (noru, 載のる, Jōyō); のせる (noseru, 載のせる, Jōyō); のす (nosu, 載のす); しるす (shirusu, 載のす)

Number

載の(さい) • (sai) 

1. a hundred-tredecillion (10⁴⁴)

Korean

Hanja

載の • (jae) (hangeul 재, revised jae, McCune–Reischauer chae, Yale cay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

載の: Hán Nôm readings: tải

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.