云うん

See also: 雲くも

云うん U+4E91, 云 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E91 ← 亐 [U+4E90] CJK Unified Ideographs 互 → [U+4E92]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

云うん (Kangxi radical 7, 二に+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一いち一いち戈ほこ (MMI), four-corner 1073₁, composition ⿱二に厶 or ⿱一いち𠫔)

Derived characters

• 呍, 妘, 沄, 抎, 忶, 枟, 眃, 𥐯, 秐, 紜(纭), 耘, 耺, 夽, 侌, 芸げい, 凨, 囩, 雲くも, 藝げい, 䢵, 魂たましい, 䲰(𪉂), 䰟, 兿, 𰚼
• 転てん, 伝つて (Simplified from 專せん in Japanese)
• 沄, 叆, 叇, 昙 (Simplified from 雲くも in traditional Chinese)
• 会かい, 尝, 层, 动, 运, 坛, 酝 (Simplified from various components in traditional Chinese)

Related characters

• 雲くも (Traditional form of 云うん)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 8
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 254
• Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 384, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4E91

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 云うん
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script
Small seal script s08529
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (云うん) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
魂たましい	*ɢuːn
沄	*ɢuːn, *ɢun
忶	*ɢuːn, *ɢuns
囩	*ɢun
夽	*ŋunʔ
雲くも	*ɢun
芸げい	*ɢun
耘	*ɢun
妘	*ɢun
紜	*ɢun
云うん	*ɢun
耺	*ɢun
蕓	*ɢun
澐	*ɢun
橒	*ɢun
抎	*ɢunʔ

Pictogram (象形しょうけい) : a stylized picture of clouds. The derivative 雲くも now refers to the original word.

Jiajie (假借かしゃく) - The character was subsequently borrowed for a near-homophone meaning "to say", and the original meaning came to be represented by 雲くも (OC *ɢun), through the addition of a semantic component 雨あめ (“rain”).

The simplified form adopted by the People's Republic of China in the 1950s eliminates this later addition and uses 云うん for both "to say" and "cloud".

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of 云うん – see 雲くも (“cloud; cloud; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 雲くも).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		云うん
alternative forms		廵 ("to stroll") Hokkien 巡めぐ ("to stroll") Hokkien

Perhaps cognate to 謂いい (OC *ɢuds) (Wang Li, 1982).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yún (yun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wan⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yùn
• Eastern Min (BUC): ùng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ûn / în
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yun

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yún
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yún
    • Wade–Giles: yün²
    • Yale: yún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yun
    • Palladius: юнь (junʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wan⁴
    • Yale: wàhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: wen⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɐn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: iun^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯un¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iun^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yun²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯un¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûn
    • Tâi-lô: ûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uun
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /un²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Jinjiang, Philippines): /un²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: în
    • Tâi-lô: în
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iin
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /in¹³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶yun
    • MiniDict: yuin^去さ
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhyn
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦyn²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: hjun

Rime
Character	云うん
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	云うん (35)
Final (韻いん)	文ぶん (59)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Closed
Division (等ひとし)	III
Fanqie	王おう分ぶん切きり
Baxter	hjun
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨun/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiun/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦun/
Li Rong	/ɣiuən/
Wang Li	/ɣĭuən/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wan4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢun/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	云うん
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yún
Middle Chinese	‹ hjun ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷə[r]/
English	say
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	云うん
Reading #	1/1
No.	16363
Phonetic component	云うん
Rime group	文ぶん
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	雲くも
Old Chinese	/*ɢun/

Definitions

云うん

1. (literary) to say; to speak (used when quoting from a source)
2. A particle.
3. a surname:
   1. originated from 妘 (yún)
   2. originated from Zhou dynasty feudal state of 䢵
   3. originated from surname 牒云
   4. simplified from 雲くも
4. (Quanzhou, Xiamen and Philippine Hokkien) to go on a pleasure trip; to roam around; to stroll; to saunter; to go for a walk
5. (～母はは) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 云うん (MC hjun), equivalent to the 3rd 等ひとし (děng) of the initial 喻 (MC yuH)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 說せつ (“to say, to speak”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		言げん, 云うん, 曰, 道みち
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		說せつ, 道みち literary
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	說せつ
	Taiwan	說せつ, 講こう
	Malaysia	說せつ, 講こう
	Singapore	說せつ, 講こう
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	說せつ
	Jinan	說せつ
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Qingdao	說せつ, 講こう
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	說せつ
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	說せつ
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	說せつ
	Wuhan	說せつ
	Guilin	講こう
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	講こう
	Pematangsiantar	講こう
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	講こう
Cantonese	Guangzhou	講こう, 話はなし
	Hong Kong	講こう, 話はなし
	Macau	講こう, 話はなし
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	講こう, 話はなし
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	講こう
	Taishan	話はなし
	Taishan (Guanghai)	講こう
	Yunfu	話はなし
	Yangjiang	講こう, 話はなし
	Beihai	講こう
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	講こう
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	講こう
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	講こう
	Danzhou	講こう
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	講こう, 話はなし
	Penang (Guangfu)	講こう, 話はなし
	Singapore (Guangfu)	講こう, 話はなし
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	講こう
	Móng Cái	講こう
	Mandalay (Taishan)	講こう
Gan	Nanchang	話はなし
Hakka	Meixian	講こう, 話はなし
	Wuhua (Meilin)	講こう
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	講こう
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	講こう
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	講こう
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	講こう
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	講こう
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	講こう
	Hong Kong	講こう
	Kuching (Hepo)	講こう
	Singapore (Dabu)	講こう
Huizhou	Jixi	講こう
Jin	Taiyuan	說せつ
Northern Min	Jian'ou	話はなし
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	講こう
	Fuqing	講こう
	Singapore (Fuqing)	講こう
Southern Min	Xiamen	講こう
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	講こう
	Quanzhou	說せつ
	Jinjiang	說せつ
	Shishi	說せつ, 講こう
	Zhangzhou	講こう
	Zhao'an	呾, 講こう
	Dongshan	講こう
	Taipei	講こう
	Kaohsiung	講こう
	Tainan	講こう
	Penang (Hokkien)	講こう
	Singapore (Hokkien)	講こう
	Manila (Hokkien)	說せつ, 講こう
	Chaozhou	呾
	Raoping	呾
	Shantou	呾
	Shantou (Chenghai)	呾
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	呾
	Jieyang	呾
	Lufeng	講こう
	Haifeng	講こう
	Bangkok (Teochew)	呾
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	呾
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	呾
	Singapore (Teochew)	呾
	Pontianak (Teochew)	呾
	Leizhou	講こう
	Wenchang	講こう
	Haikou	講こう
	Qionghai	講こう
	Singapore (Hainanese)	講こう
Puxian Min	Putian	講こう
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	講こう
Southern Pinghua	Binyang	講こう, 說せつ
Wu	Shanghai	講こう
	Shanghai (Chongming)	話はなし
	Suzhou	講こう, 說せつ
	Hangzhou	說せつ, 話はなし, 講こう
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	講こう, 話はなし
	Ningbo	講こう, 話はなし
	Wenzhou	講こう
Xiang	Changsha	講こう
	Xiangtan	講こう
	Xiangxiang	講こう
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	講こう
	Shuangfeng	曰, 講こう

• (to go on a pleasure trip): 漫遊まんゆう／漫游 (mànyóu)

Compounds

• 不知ふち所しょ云うん (bùzhīsuǒyún)
• 云うん乎
• 云うん乎哉
• 云云うんぬん (yúnyún)
• 云うん亡ほろび
• 云うん亭てい
• 云うん亭てい山人さんじん
• 云うん何なに (yúnhé)
• 云うん喻
• 云うん已やめ
• 云うん是ぜ
• 云うん板ばん
• 云為うんい
• 云うん然しか
• 云うん爾なんじ (yún'ěr)
• 云うん爾なんじ哉
• 云うん者しゃ
• 云うん耳みみ (yún'ěr)
• 云うん胡えびす
• 云うん若わか
• 云うん都と赤あか
• 人ひと云うん亦また云うん (rényúnyìyún)
• 但ただし云うん
• 唱云
• 子こ曰詩云うん (zǐyuēshīyún)
• 歲とし聿云暮くれ
• 漫云
• 牒云
• 紛まがえ云うん
• 聲こえ云うん
• 胡えびす云うん
• 背せ云うん
• 胡えびす云うん海うみ嗙
• 詩し云うん子こ曰

 

Japanese

Kanji

云うん

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. say

Readings

• Go-on: うん (un)
• Kan-on: うん (un)
• Kun: いう (iu, 云いう)^{←いふ (ifu, 云うんふ, historical)}
• Nanori: おき (oki)、これ (kore)、とも (tomo)、ひと (hito)

Compounds

• 云々うんぬん(しかじか) (shikajika)
• 云々うんぬん(うんぬん) (unnun)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
云うん
うん Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 云うん (MC hjun).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɯ̟̃ɴ]

Affix

云うん(うん) • (un) 

1. say

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 云うん(うん)云うん(ぬん), 云うん(うん)々(ぬん) (unnun)
• 云うん(うん)為ため(い) (un'i)
• 云うん(うん)爾なんじ(じ) (unji)

Korean

Hanja

云うん (eum 운 (un))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

云うん: Hán Việt readings: vân (于(vu)分ぶん(phân)切きり(thiết))
云うん: Nôm readings: vân

1. chữ Hán form of vân (“to say; to speak”).