恥
See also: 耻
|
Translingual
editHan character
editDerived characters
editRelated characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 385, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10585
- Dae Jaweon: page 716, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2290, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6065
Chinese
edittrad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. | 耻 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character | |
---|---|
Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ni (“red”) (STEDT). Cognate with Burmese နီ (ni, “red”), 怩 (OC *nil, “ashamed”).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ci3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ci3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ci2
- Northern Min (KCR): chǐ
- Eastern Min (BUC): tī
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshy
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): chr3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chǐh
- Wade–Giles: chʻih3
- Yale: chř
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyy
- Palladius: чи (či)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ci3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ci2
- Yale: chí
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsi2
- Guangdong Romanization: qi2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ci2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ci3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ́
- Hakka Romanization System: cii`
- Hagfa Pinyim: ci3
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ci2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chǐ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰi²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: tī
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰi³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩¹³/ | |
Jinan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/ | |
Qingdao | /tʃʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Xi'an | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Xining | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴²/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/ | |
Kunming | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Nanjing | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹²/ | |
Hefei | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ |
Pingyao | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵¹/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡sʰz̩⁵³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰi³¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /tʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/ |
Xiangtan | /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡sʰz̩²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰz̩³¹/ |
Taoyuan | /tʃʰï³¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰi³⁵/ |
Nanning | /t͡sʰi³⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sʰi³⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tʰi⁵³/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /tʰi³²/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡sʰi²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰi⁵³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡si²¹³/ /sun²¹³/ |
- Middle Chinese: trhiX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥rəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*n̥ʰɯʔ/
Definitions
edit- (literary) to humiliate; to put to shame
- shame; disgrace; humiliation
- ashamed
- Synonym: 羞愧 (xiūkuì)
Compounds
edit一 雪 前 恥 /一 雪 前 耻 (yīxuěqiánchǐ)不 以為恥 /不 以为耻 (bùyǐwéichǐ)不 恥 /不 耻 (bùchǐ)不 恥 下問 /不 耻下问 (bùchǐxiàwèn)不 識羞恥 /不 识羞耻五 九 國 恥 /五 九 国 耻刷 恥 /刷 耻包 羞忍恥 /包 羞忍耻- 卑鄙
無恥 /卑鄙无耻 (bēibǐwúchǐ) 厚顏無恥 /厚 颜无耻 (hòuyánwúchǐ)可 恥 /可 耻 (kěchǐ)- 含垢
忍 恥 /含垢忍 耻 國 恥 /国 耻 (guóchǐ)報 仇 雪 恥 /报仇雪 耻 (bàochóuxuěchǐ)奇 恥 大 辱 /奇 耻大辱 (qíchǐdàrǔ)- 寡廉鮮恥/寡廉鲜耻 (guǎliánxiǎnchǐ)
廉恥 /廉 耻 (liánchǐ)復仇 雪 恥 /复仇雪 耻忍 恥 偷生/忍 耻偷生 忍 恥 含垢/忍 耻含垢 忍 恥 含羞 /忍 耻含羞 - 恬
不知 恥 /恬不知 耻 (tiánbùzhīchǐ) 恥 丘 /耻丘恥 居 人 下 /耻居人 下 恥 居 王 後 /耻居王 后 恬然 不 恥 /恬然 不 耻恥 笑 /耻笑 (chǐxiào)恥 與 為 伍 /耻与为伍 (chǐyǔwéiwǔ)恥辱 /耻辱 (chǐrǔ)恥骨 /耻骨 (chǐgǔ)明 恥 教 戰 /明 耻教战會 稽之恥 /会 稽之耻有 恥 /有 耻- 毀廉蔑恥/毁廉蔑耻
- 湔雪
前 恥 /湔雪前 耻 (jiānxuěqiánchǐ) 無恥 /无耻 (wúchǐ)無恥 之 尤 /无耻之 尤 (wúchǐzhīyóu)瓶 罄罍恥 /瓶 罄罍耻知 恥 /知 耻禮 義 廉恥 /礼 义廉耻 (lǐyìliánchǐ)- 缾罄罍恥/
瓶 罄罍耻 羞恥 /羞耻 (xiūchǐ)荒淫 無恥 /荒淫 无耻 (huāngyínwúchǐ)藏 垢 懷 恥 /藏 垢 怀耻行 己 有 恥 /行 己 有 耻買 妻 恥 樵 /买妻耻樵雪 恥 /雪 耻 (xuěchǐ)
See also
edit- 羞 (xiū)
Japanese
editAlternative forms
editKanji
editReadings
edit- Go-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: ち (chi, Jōyō)
- Kun: はじ (haji,
恥 , Jōyō)←はぢ (fadi,恥 , historical); はじる (hajiru,恥 じる, Jōyō)←はぢる (fadiru,恥 ぢる, historical); はじらう (hajirau,恥 じらう, Jōyō)←はぢらふ (fadirafu,恥 ぢらふ, historical); はずかしい (hazukashii,恥 ずかしい, Jōyō)←はづかしい (fadukasii,恥 づかしい, historical) - Nanori: はつる (hatsuru)
Etymology
editKanji in this term |
---|
はじ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
耻 |
Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *pantuy.
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- shame
- 1948, Osamu Dazai, Ningen Shikkaku [No Longer Human][1]:
References
edit- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
editHanja
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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恥 - Chinese literary terms
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ち
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ち
- Japanese kanji with kun reading はじ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading はぢ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は・じる
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading は・ぢる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は・じらう
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading は・ぢらふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading は・ずかしい
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading は・づかしい
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading はつる
- Japanese terms spelled with
恥 read as はじ - Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms historically spelled with ぢ
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
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恥 - Japanese single-kanji terms
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