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Sun Lü

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Sun Lü
孫まご慮おもんばか
Marquis of Jianchang (建たて昌あきら侯こう)
TenureApril or May 228 – February or March 232
Born213[a]
DiedFebruary or March 232 (aged 19)[1][2]
SpouseLady Pan[3]
Names
Family name: Sun (孫まご)
Given name: Lü (慮おもんばか)
Courtesy name: Zizhi (子こ智さとし)
HouseHouse of Sun
FatherSun Quan
In this Chinese name, the family name is Sun.

Sun Lü (213 – February or March 232),[1][2] courtesy name Zizhi, was a noble and military general of the state of Eastern Wu in the Three Kingdoms period of China. He was the second son of Sun Quan, the founding emperor of Eastern Wu.

Life[edit]

Sun Lü was the second son of Sun Quan,[4] a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty and became the founding emperor of the Eastern Wu state in the Three Kingdoms period. As a child, he was intelligent and multi-talented, so his father was particularly fond of him.[5] In April or May 228,[6] a 15-year-old Sun Lü was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Jianchang (建たて昌あきら侯こう), with his marquisate in Jianchang County (建たて昌あきら縣けん; west of present-day Fengxin County, Jianchang).[7] He married Pan Jun's daughter.[3]

In 229, after Sun Quan declared himself emperor and moved the imperial capital to Jianye (present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu), he left behind his eldest son and heir apparent, Sun Deng, along with his other sons and relatives in Wuchang (武たけ昌あきら; present-day Ezhou, Hubei). At the time, Sun Lü enjoyed watching duck fights, so he had a small shed built in front of the main hall of his residence to stage duck fights. Lu Xun, the general whom Sun Quan left in charge of Wuchang, heard about it and he sternly reprimanded Sun Lü for his behaviour. Lu Xun told Sun Lü, "Marquis, you should be spending time reading the classics and enriching yourself with knowledge. Why are you doing this?" Sun Lü immediately had the shed torn down.[8]

In 230, Gu Yong, the Imperial Chancellor (丞相じょうしょう), wrote a memorial to Sun Quan, pointing out that Sun Lü showed great potential with his brilliance and urging the emperor to elevate Sun Lü to the status of a prince in the same way the Han dynasty emperors did with their sons. Sun Quan refused.[9]

Some time later, the Supervisor of the Masters of Writing (尚書しょうしょ僕ぼく射しゃ) wrote a memorial to Sun Quan, recommending the emperor to entrust Sun Lü with greater responsibilities by appointing him as a military general. Sun Quan approved, granted Sun Lü imperial authority, and appointed him as Senior General Who Guards the Army (鎮軍大將軍だいしょうぐん). Sun Lü was also allowed to set up his own office with a personal staff at his headquarters in Banzhou (半はん州しゅう; west of present-day Jiujiang, Jiangxi).[10] Sun Quan also issued an imperial decree to Sun Lü, stating his high hopes and expectations for his second son to become a great military leader.[11] At the time, many people were worried that Sun Lü, given his noble status and young age, might not be suitable for the job. However, Sun Lü not only proved them wrong, but also exceeded their expectations as he took his role seriously, faithfully followed the laws and rules, and treated his colleagues and seniors respectfully.[12]

Sun Lü died in February or March 232 at the age of 20 (by East Asian age reckoning). As he had no son to succeed him when he died, his marquisate was abolished and converted back into a county.[2][1]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ The Sanguozhi mentioned that Sun Lü was 20 years old (by East Asian age reckoning) when he died in February 232.[1][2] By calculation, his birth year should be around 213.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d (嘉よしみ禾元年春としはる正月しょうがつ，建たて昌あきら侯こう慮おもんばか卒そつ。) Sanguozhi vol. 47. The month corresponds to 9 Feb to 8 Mar 232 in the Julian calendar.
  2. ^ a b c d (年とし二に十じゅう，嘉よしみ禾元年ねん卒そつ。無む子こ，國くに除じょ。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  3. ^ a b ([潘はん]濬女配はい建たて昌あきら侯こう孫まご慮おもんばか。) Sanguozhi vol. 61.
  4. ^ (孫まご慮おもんばか字じ子こ智さとし，登とう弟おとうと也。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  5. ^ (少しょう敏惠としえ有ゆう才藝さいげい，權けん器き愛あい之の。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  6. ^ ([黃き武ぶ]七なな年ねん春はる三さん月がつ，封ふう子こ慮おもんばか為ため建たて昌あきら侯こう。) Sanguozhi vol. 47.
  7. ^ (黃き武ぶ七なな年ねん，封建ほうけん昌あきら侯こう。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  8. ^ (時とき建たて昌あきら侯こう慮おもんばか於堂前作ぜんさく鬬鴨欄らん，頗施小しょう巧たくみ，遜へりくだ正せい色いろ曰：「君侯くんこう宜むべ勤つとむ覽らん經典きょうてん以自新しん益えき，用よう此何為ため？」慮おもんばか即時そくじ毀徹之の。) Sanguozhi vol. 58.
  9. ^ (後ご二に年ねん，丞相じょうしょう雍等奏そう慮おもんばか性せい聦體達たち，所しょ尚なお日新にっしん，比ひ方かた近きん漢かん，宜むべ進すすむ爵稱王おう，權けん未み許もと。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  10. ^ (乆之，尚書しょうしょ僕ぼく射しゃ存そん上じょう疏曰：「帝王ていおう之の興きょう，莫不襃崇至いたり親おや，以光羣后，故こ魯衞於周，寵ちょう冠かんむり諸侯しょこう，高こう帝みかど五ご王おう，封ふう列れつ于漢，所以ゆえん藩屏はんぺい本朝ほんちょう，為國ためくに鎮衞。建たて昌あきら侯こう慮おもんばか稟性ひんせい聦敏，才さい兼けん文武ぶんぶ，於古典こてん制せい，宜むべ正名まさな號ごう。陛下へいか謙けん光こう，未み肯如舊きゅう，羣寮大小だいしょう，咸用於邑。方今ほうこん姦かん寇恣睢，金きむ鼓こ未み弭，腹心ふくしん爪牙そうが，惟おもんみ親おや與あずか賢けん。輒與丞相じょうしょう雍等議ぎ，咸以慮おもんばか宜よろし為ため鎮軍大將軍だいしょうぐん，授任偏へん方かた，以光大業おおわざ。」權けん乃許之の，於是假かり節ふし開府かいふ，治ち半はん州しゅう。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  11. ^ (吳くれ書しょ載の權けん詔みことのり曰：「期き運うん擾亂じょうらん，凶きょう邪よこしま肆虐，威い罰ばつ有ゆう序じょ，干戈かんか不ふ戢。以慮氣き志こころざし休きゅう懿，武略ぶりゃく夙昭，必能為國ためくに佐さ定てい大業おおわざ，故こ授以上うえ將之まさゆき位い，至いたり以殊特とく之の榮さかえ，寵ちょう以兵馬ば之の勢いきおい，委ゆだね以偏方かた之の任にん。外そと欲よく威たけし振ふ敵てき虜とりこ，厭いや難なん萬まん里り，內欲鎮撫ちんぶ遠近えんきん，慰卹將士しょうし，誠まこと慮おもんばか建たて功いさお立たて事こと竭命之の秋あき也。慮おもんばか其內脩おさむ文德ふみのり，外そと經けい武たけ訓さとし，持もち盈みつる若わか沖おき，則のり滿まん而不溢。敬たかし慎まき乃心，無む忝かたじけな所ところ受。」) Wu Shu annotation in Sanguozhi vol. 59.
  12. ^ (慮おもんばか以皇子こ之の尊みこと，富とみ於春秋しゅんじゅう，遠近えんきん嫌いや其不能ふのう留意りゅうい。及至臨事，遵奉じゅんぽう法度はっと，敬けい納おさめ師友しゆう，過か於衆望しゅうぼう。) Sanguozhi vol. 59.
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