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Teng Fanglan

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
In this Chinese name, the family name is Teng.
Teng Fanglan
滕芳蘭らん
Empress consort of Eastern Wu
TenureNovember 264 – 280
PredecessorEmpress Jing
BornUnknown
DiedUnknown
SpouseSun Hao
FatherTeng Mu

Empress Teng (fl. 258–284), personal name Teng Fanglan,[1] was an empress of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China. She married Sun Hao, the fourth and last emperor of Wu.

Life

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Lady Teng was the daughter of Teng Mu (滕牧). She was also a distant relative of Teng Yin, a high-ranking minister in Wu. When Teng Yin was killed in a failed attempt to overthrow the Wu regent Sun Chen in 256, Teng Mu and his family were exiled to the border. However, after Sun Xiu ascended the throne in 258 and eliminated Sun Chen, he granted amnesty to those who were condemned by Sun Chen, so Teng Mu and his family were allowed to return to the Wu capital Jianye (建けん業ぎょう; present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu). Teng Mu became a zhonglang (中ちゅう郎ろう; a type of official) in the Bureau for All Purposes (五官ごかん曹). When Sun Hao was enfeoffed as the "Marquis of Wucheng" (烏がらす程ほど侯こう), he took Lady Teng as his concubine and instated her as the empress later when he ascended the throne in 264. He enfeoffed Teng Mu as the Marquis of Gaomi (高密こうみつ侯こう), appointed him as the General of the Guards (衞まもる將軍しょうぐん) and granted him authority over the Masters of Writing (尚書しょうしょ).[2]

Sun Hao turned out to be a cruel and superstitious tyrant. His subjects were hesitant in attempting to persuade him to mend his ways, but due to Teng Mu's honoured status, they often asked Teng Mu to help them present their proposals to Sun Hao because the emperor might be offended if they gave him advice directly. Sun Hao eventually grew tired of Teng Mu's suggestions and Empress Teng fell out of her husband's favour as a consequence. In 266, Sun Hao suddenly ordered Teng Mu to move to Cangwu (蒼梧そうご; in present-day Wuzhou, Guangxi) — effectively sending the latter into exile — even though he did not strip the latter of his titles. Teng Mu died of distress on the journey to Cangwu. Sun Hao considered deposing Empress Teng as well but his superstitious beliefs worked in the empress's favour — his sorcerers (whom he trusted) told him that replacing the empress would lead to disaster for him. Sun Hao's mother, Empress Dowager He, also intervened by protecting and speaking up for Empress Teng. Empress Teng lived with her mother-in-law and rarely saw Sun Hao again but retained her authority as the empress. At the same time, Sun Hao gave empress signets to many of his other concubines.[3]

Little else is known about Empress Teng. When Wu was conquered by forces of the Jin dynasty in 280, she accompanied Sun Hao to the Jin capital Luoyang. [4] When Sun Hao died in 284, Teng Fanglan felt very sad so she wrote a lament on her own to honor her husband. She eventually died in Luoyang. [5]

Empress Teng's personal name was not recorded in her biography in the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), the authoritative source of the history of the Three Kingdoms period. However, the Jiankang Shilu mentioned that her personal name was "Fanglan". Hence, she was also known as "Teng Fanglan".[1]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b (追つい諡おくりな父ちち和わ為ため文ぶん皇帝こうてい，　... 立たて夫人ふじん滕氏為ため皇后こうごう。后きさき諱いみな芳よし蘭らん，太ふとし常つね滕胤族ぞく女おんな。) Jiankang Shilu vol. 4.
  2. ^ (孫まご皓あきら滕夫人じん，故こ太ふとし常胤つねたね之これ族ぞく女おんな也。胤たね夷えびす滅ほろび，夫人ふじん父ちち牧まき，以踈遠とお徙邊郡ぐん。孫まご休きゅう即位そくい，大赦たいしゃ，得とく還かえ，以牧為ため五官ごかん中ちゅう郎ろう。皓あきら旣すんで封ふう烏がらす程ほど侯こう，聘牧女おんな為ため妃ひ。皓あきら即位そくい，立たて為ため皇后こうごう，封ふう牧まき高密こうみつ侯こう，拜はい衞まもる將軍しょうぐん，錄ろく尚書しょうしょ事ごと。) Sanguozhi vol. 50.
  3. ^ (後朝きぬぎぬ士し以牧尊みこと戚，頗推令れい諫爭。而夫人じん寵ちょう漸やや衰おとろえ，皓あきら滋しげる不ふ恱，皓あきら母はは何なん恒つね左右さゆう之の。又また太ふとし史し言げん，於運歷れき，后きさき不可ふか易えき，皓あきら信しん巫みこ覡，故こ得とく不ふ廢はい，常つね供養くよう升ます平宮ひらみや。牧まき見遣みや居きょ蒼梧そうご郡ぐん，雖爵位い不ふ奪だつ，其實裔也，遂とげ道路どうろ憂ゆう死し。長ちょう秋あき官僚かんりょう備員而已，受朝賀ちょうが表ひょう疏如故ゆえ。而皓內諸寵姬ちょうき，佩皇后こうごう璽紱者しゃ多た矣。) Sanguozhi vol. 50.
  4. ^ (天てん紀き四よん年ねん，隨ずい皓あきら遷于洛陽らくよう。) Sanguozhi vol. 50.
  5. ^ (天てん纪四よん年ねん,随ずい帝みかど北きた迁,薨于洛らく阳 ... 後こう五ご年ねん，薨於洛陽らくよう，葬そう河南かなん芒すすき山やま。滕后自じ為ため哀あい策さく，文ぶん甚酸楚すわえ) Jiankang Shilu vol. 4.
Chinese royalty
Preceded by Empress of Eastern Wu
264–280 		Dynasty ended
Empress of China (Southeastern)
264–280 		Succeeded by
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