臧

臧 U+81E7, 臧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-81E7 ← 臦 [U+81E6] CJK Unified Ideographs 臨 → [U+81E8]

Translingual

Han character

臧 (Kangxi radical 131, 臣しん+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈ほこ一いち尸しかばね中ちゅう中なか (IMSLL), four-corner 2325₀, composition ⿵戕臣しん)

Derived characters

• 㵴, 贓, 藏ぞう, 𡁧, 𡒤, 𡽴, 𮍄, 𡾻, 𩯩, 𡒉, 𡒥, 𢨑

Further reading

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 999, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30083
• Dae Jaweon: page 1451, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1410, character 11
• Unihan data for U+81E7

Chinese

simp. and trad.		臧
alternative forms		匨 𠗱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 臧
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (爿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
臧	*ʔsaːŋ
牂	*ʔsaːŋ
戕	*kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ
贓	*ʔsaːŋ
藏ぞう	*zaːŋ, *zaːŋs
奘	*zaːŋʔ, *zaːŋs
臟	*zaːŋs
將はた	*ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋs
漿	*ʔsaŋ
鱂	*ʔsaŋ
蔣	*ʔsaŋ, *ʔsaŋʔ
螿	*ʔsaŋ
槳	*ʔsaŋʔ
獎	*ʔsaŋʔ
醬	*ʔsaŋs
鏘	*sʰaŋ
蹡	*sʰaŋ, *ʔshaŋs
嶈	*sʰaŋ
斨	*sʰaŋ
爿	*braːn, *zaŋ
牆	*zaŋ
妝	*ʔsraŋ
莊そう	*ʔsraŋ
裝そう	*ʔsraŋ, *ʔsraŋs
壯たけし	*ʔsraŋs
疒	*rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ
床ゆか	*zraŋ
牀ゆか	*zraŋ
狀じょう	*zraŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意かいい／会意かいい) : 臣しん (“eye”) + 戈ほこ (“spear;weapon”) – "slave; prisoner of war" (slaves in ancient China were blinded, hence the 臣しん component. Compare 童わらわ and 民みん). The phonetic component 爿 (OC *zaŋ), absent in the oracle-bone script, was added at a later stage (see Yang, 1965, and references therein), leading Shuowen to interpret the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *ʔsaːŋ) : phonetic 戕 (OC *kaːl, *ʔsaːŋ, *zaŋ) + semantic 臣しん.

Etymology 1

Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བཟང (bzang, “good; fine”) (Coblin, 1986).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zāng (zang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zang
    • Wade–Giles: tsang¹
    • Yale: dzāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzang
    • Palladius: цзан (czan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zong¹
    • Yale: jōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsang

Rime
Character	臧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	精せい (13)
Final (韻いん)	唐とう (101)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	則のり郎ろう切きり
Baxter	tsang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡saŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zong1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	臧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zāng
Middle Chinese	‹ tsang ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts]ˁaŋ/
English	good
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	臧
Reading #	1/1
No.	10277
Phonetic component	爿
Rime group	陽ひ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	臧
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaːŋ/
Notes	甲きのえ文ぶん從したがえ臣しん從したがえ戈ほこ， 象ぞう以戈ほこ刺とげ俘目め爲ため奴やつ（楊樹き達いたる說せつ），後のち乃加か爿聲こえ爲ため轉てん註字じ

Definitions

臧

1. (literary) good; right; generous

   • 彼かれ月つき而食しょく，則のり維其常つね。此日ひ而食しょく，于何なに不ふ臧？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     彼かれ月つき而食しょく，则维其常つね。此日ひ而食しょく，于何なに不ふ臧？ [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Bǐ yuè ér shí, zé wéi qí cháng. Cǐ rì ér shí, yú hé bù zāng? [Pinyin]

     For the moon to be eclipsed,
     Is but an ordinary matter.
     Now that the sun has been eclipsed,
     How bad [lit. not good] it is!

2. (literary) to praise; to commend
3. a surname

   臧克かつ家いえ  ―  Zāng Kèjiā  ―  Zang Kejia (Chinese poet)

Compounds

• 不ふ臧 (bùzāng)
• 人ひと謀はかりごと不ふ臧／人ひと谋不臧
• 臧否 (zāngpǐ)
• 臧否人物じんぶつ
• 臧獲／臧获
• 臧穀亡羊ぼうよう／臧谷亡羊ぼうよう
• 陟のぼる罰ばつ臧否／陟のぼる罚臧否いな (zhìfázāngpǐ)

 

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zāng (zang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zang
    • Wade–Giles: tsang¹
    • Yale: dzāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzang
    • Palladius: цзан (czan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zong¹
    • Yale: jōng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzong¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsang

Rime
Character	臧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	精せい (13)
Final (韻いん)	唐とう (101)
Tone (調しらべ)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	則のり郎ろう切きり
Baxter	tsang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡saŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zong1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsaːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	臧
Reading #	1/1
No.	10277
Phonetic component	爿
Rime group	陽ひ
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	臧
Old Chinese	/*ʔsaːŋ/
Notes	甲きのえ文ぶん從したがえ臣しん從したがえ戈ほこ， 象ぞう以戈ほこ刺とげ俘目め爲ため奴やつ（楊樹き達いたる說せつ），後のち乃加か爿聲こえ爲ため轉てん註字じ

Definitions

臧

1. ^† (derogatory) slave; enslaved captive

   • 且夫臧獲え婢妾，猶なお能のう引決いんけつ，況きょう僕ぼく之これ不ふ得とく已やめ乎？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     且夫臧获婢妾，犹能のう引决，况仆之これ不ふ得とく已やめ乎？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 1st century BCE, Sima Qian, Letter to Ren An. Translated by Burton Watson.

     Qiěfú zānghuò bìqiè, yóu néng yǐnjué, kuàng pú zhī bùdéyǐ hū? [Pinyin]

     If even the lowest slave and scullion maid can bear to commit suicide, why shouldn't one like myself be able to do what has to be done?

2. ^† Alternative form of 贓／赃 (zāng, “booty; loot; stolen goods”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cáng (cang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cong⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cáng
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻang²
    • Yale: tsáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsarng
    • Palladius: цан (can)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cong⁴
    • Yale: chòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

Definitions

臧

1. Alternative form of 藏ぞう (“to hide; to store”)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zàng (zang⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄤˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zong⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zàng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄤˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zàng
    • Wade–Giles: tsang⁴
    • Yale: dzàng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzanq
    • Palladius: цзан (czan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zong⁶
    • Yale: johng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzong⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zong⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːŋ²²/

Definitions

臧

1. ^† Alternative form of 藏ぞう (zàng, “storing pace; depository”)
2. ^† Alternative form of 臟／脏 (zàng, “internal organs, viscera”)

Japanese

Kanji

臧

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ぞう (zō)
• Kun: よい (yoi); あつい (atsui); おさめる (osameru)

Korean

Hanja

臧 (eum 장 (jang))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

臧: Hán Nôm readings: tang, tàng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.