能のう

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See also: 態たい
能のう U+80FD, 能
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80FD
← 胼
[U+80FC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 胾 →
[U+80FE]

Translingual

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Stroke order
10 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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能のう (Kangxi radical 130, 肉にく+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈ほこ月がつ心心こころごころ (IBPP), four-corner 21211, composition ⿰䏍𫧇)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 981, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29454
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1433, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2074, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+80FD

Chinese

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trad. 能のう
simp. # 能のう
2nd round simp. 𫧇
alternative forms 䏻
𦝕
𫧇

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 能のう
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (能のう) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
態たい *n̥ʰɯːs
能のう *nɯː, *nɯːs, *nɯːŋ, *nɯːŋʔ
螚 *nɯːs
褦 *nɯːs

Pictogram (象形しょうけい) : bear. Compare 熊くま (OC *ɢʷlɯm, “bear”).

Etymology

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"bear-like animal"
Apparently an areal word of Austroasiatic origin (Schuessler, 2007; Zhang, 2019). Compare Kharia [script needed] (bɔnɔi), Santali [script needed] (bana, “Indian black bear”) & Lepcha ᰠᰶᰍ (să-na, “bear”), a loanword from Santali.
“be able to; can; ability”
Shijing rhymes point to Old Chinese *nə, but the forms with *-ŋ are also archaic (perhaps ancient dialectal variation?).
Possibly Sino–Tibetan: compare Tibetan ནུས (nus, “be able to; capable; to withstand; capacity; strength; force; power; function; energy”), Burmese နိုင် (nuing, “can, be able to, may; master; win; prevail”). Schuessler (2007) also derives 態たい (OC *n̥ʰɯːs, “apparition, bearing, manner”) from this.
Compare the old pre-Sino–Vietnamese loanword nổi (“be able to; capable”).

Pronunciation 1

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Note: nêng5 - Jieyang.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 能のう
Mandarin Beijing /nəŋ³⁵/
Harbin /nəŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /nəŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /nəŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /nəŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /nəŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /nəŋ²⁴/
Xining /nə̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /nəŋ⁴⁴/ 打だ～～
/nəŋ⁵³/ ～幹みき
Lanzhou /lə̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /nɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /nən²¹³/
Chengdu /nən³¹/
Guiyang /nen²¹/
Kunming /nə̃³¹/
Nanjing /lən²⁴/
Hefei /lən⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /nəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /nəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /nə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /nəŋ²³/
Suzhou /nən¹³/
Hangzhou /nen²¹³/
Wenzhou /naŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /lʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /lɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /lən¹³/
Xiangtan /nən¹²/
Gan Nanchang /lɛn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /nen¹¹/
Taoyuan /nen¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nɐŋ²¹/
Nanning /nɐŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /nɐŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liŋ³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nɛiŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /naiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /leŋ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /neŋ³¹/
/nɔŋ³¹/
Rime
Character 能のう
Reading # 2/4
Initial (聲こえ) 泥どろ (8)
Final (韻いん) 登とう (129)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 奴やつ登とう切きり
Baxter nong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/nəŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/nəŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/nəŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/nəŋ/
Li
Rong 		/nəŋ/
Wang
Li 		/nəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/nəŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		néng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		nang4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 能のう 能のう 能のう
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		néng néng néng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ noj › ‹ nong › ‹ nong ›
Old
Chinese 		/*nˁə/ /*nˁə(ŋ)/ /*nˁə(ʔ)/ (~ *nˁəŋ)
English a kind of bear a kind of bear able; ability

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 能のう
Reading # 3/4
No. 9415
Phonetic
component 		能のう
Rime
group 		蒸ふけ
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		能のう
Old
Chinese 		/*nɯːŋ/

Definitions

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能のう

  1. (obsolete) a kind of bear
  2. † (Chinese mythology) A mythological bear-like animal, with deer-like legs.
  3. able; capable
  4. can; to be able to; to be capable of; to be allowed to
    我わが能のう跑得とく很快こころよ。  ―  Wǒ néng pǎo de hěn kuài.  ―  I can run fast.
    有ゆう人ひと能のう幫我わが嗎？／有ゆう人ひと能のう帮我わが吗？  ―  Yǒu rén néng bāng wǒ ma?  ―  Is there anybody who can help me?
    漲みなぎ潮しお時とき你不ふ能のう在ざい這個海うみ灘なだ散步さんぽ。 [MSC, trad.]
    涨潮时你不ふ能のう在ざい这个海うみ滩散步さんぽ。 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhàngcháo shí nǐ bù néng zài zhège hǎitān sànbù. [Pinyin]
    You can't walk along this beach at high tide.
    公共こうきょう場所ばしょ不ふ能のう吸煙きゅうえん。 [MSC, trad.]
    公共こうきょう场所不ふ能のう吸烟。 [MSC, simp.]
    Gōnggòngchǎngsuǒ bùnéng xīyān. [Pinyin]
    You’re not allowed to smoke in public.
  5. to successfully do something (negate with 沒ぼつ／没ぼつ (méi))
    你能のう進入しんにゅう這所ところ大學だいがく讀書どくしょ，全ちょん靠もたれ你父母ちちはは的てき關係かんけい。 [MSC, trad.]
    你能のう进入这所ところ大学だいがく读书，全ちょん靠もたれ你父母ちちはは的てき关系。 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ néng jìnrù zhè suǒ dàxué dúshū, quán kào nǐ fùmǔ de guānxì. [Pinyin]
    You were able to study at this university all because of your parents.
    他た沒ぼつ能のう趕上末すえ班はん車しゃ。 [MSC, trad.]
    他た没ぼつ能のう赶上末すえ班はん车。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā méi néng gǎnshàng mòbānchē. [Pinyin]
    He didn't manage to catch the last train.
  6. (dialectal) cocky
    看み把わ你能のう的てき。  ―  Kàn bǎ nǐ néng de.  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  7. may; could
    能のう不ふ能のう請你幫個こ忙せわし？ [MSC, trad.]
    能のう不ふ能のう请你帮个忙せわし？ [MSC, simp.]
    Néng bù néng qǐng nǐ bāng ge máng? [Pinyin]
    May I ask a favour of you?
    你能のう再さい說せつ一遍いっぺん嗎？ [MSC, trad.]
    你能のう再さい说一遍いっぺん吗？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ néng zài shuō yībiàn ma? [Pinyin]
    Could you repeat that?
  8. rather; would rather
  9. ability; capability
    能のう力ちから  ―  nénglì  ―  capability, ability
    無む能のう／无能のう  ―  wúnéng  ―  incompetent
  10. talent; talented person
    才ざい能のう  ―  cáinéng  ―  talent, ability
  11. energy; power
    太陽たいよう能のう／太ふとし阳能のう  ―  tàiyángnéng  ―  solar energy
    水みず能のう  ―  shuǐnéng  ―  hydroelectric power
    動どう能のう／动能のう  ―  dòngnéng  ―  kinetic energy
  12. (Sujiahu Wu, Wenzhounese, Jinhua and Quzhou Wu) way; manner
    搿能のう [Shanghainese]  ―  8geq-nen [Wugniu]  ―  like this (lit. in this way)
    好こう好このみ能のう走はし [Shanghainese]  ―  5hau-hau-nen-tseu [Wugniu]  ―  to walk properly
    慢慢能のう吃ども [Wenzhounese]  ―  ma6-ma6-nan2-chiai7 [Wugniu]  ―  to eat slowly
  13. a surname

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 能のう (“can”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 能のう
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 能のう, 能のう夠, 可か以
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 能のう, 能のう夠, 可か以
Malaysia 能のう
Singapore 能のう, 能のう夠, 可か以
Cantonese Hong Kong 可か以
Hakka Kuching (Hepo) 得とく
Eastern Min Singapore (Fuqing) 會かい
Southern Min Penang (Hokkien) 會かい, 會かい使し
Singapore (Hokkien) 會かい, 會かい使し
Manila (Hokkien) 會かい, 會かい通どおり
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 得とく, 可か以
Wu Shanghai 好このみ
Suzhou 好このみ
Ningbo 好このみ

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 能のう
Reading # 4/4
Initial (聲こえ) 泥どろ (8)
Final (韻いん) 咍 (41)
Tone (調しらべ) Departing (H)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 奴やつ代だい切きり
Baxter nojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/nʌiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/nəiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/nɒiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/nəjH/
Li
Rong 		/nᴀiH/
Wang
Li 		/nɒiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/nɑ̆iH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		nài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		noi6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 能のう
Reading # 2/4
No. 9413
Phonetic
component 		能のう
Rime
group 		之これ
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		耐たい
Old
Chinese 		/*nɯːs/

Definitions

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能のう

  1. † Alternative form of 耐たい (“to bear; to withstand”)
  2. a surname

Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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能のう

  1. † Alternative form of 台だい (“name of a Chinese constellation”)
    三さん能のう  ―  sāntái  ―  Santai (Chinese constellation)

Pronunciation 4

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Definitions

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能のう

  1. † Alternative form of 態たい／态 (tài, “bearing; apparition; form; shape; status; position”)

Pronunciation 5

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Rime
Character 能のう
Reading # 1/4
Initial (聲こえ) 泥どろ (8)
Final (韻いん) 咍 (41)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø)
Openness (開ひらき合あい) Open
Division (等ひとし) I
Fanqie 奴やつ來き切きり
Baxter noj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/nʌi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/nəi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/nɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/nəj/
Li
Rong 		/nᴀi/
Wang
Li 		/nɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/nɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		nái
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		noi4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 能のう
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		néng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ noj ›
Old
Chinese 		/*nˁə/
English a kind of bear

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 能のう
Reading # 1/4
No. 9411
Phonetic
component 		能のう
Rime
group 		之これ
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		能のう
Old
Chinese 		/*nɯː/

Definitions

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能のう

  1. (obsolete) mythical three-legged soft-shelled turtle

Compounds

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Pronunciation 6

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Definitions

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能のう

  1. † Only used in 能のう始はじめ (tāishǐ, “origin; root cause”).

Pronunciation 7

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Definitions

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能のう

  1. † Alternative form of 熊くま (xióng, “bear”)

References

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Japanese

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Noh stage at Itsukushima Shrine, Miyajima, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.

Kanji

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能のう

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. ability
  2. talent
  3. skill
  4. capacity

Readings

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Compounds

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Noun

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 能のう on Japanese Wikipedia
 Noh on Wikipedia

能のう(のう) • (nō) 

  1. Noh, a form of classical Japanese musical drama.
  2. ability, capacity, aptitude.
  3. effect, use.
    古ふる(ふる)い議ぎ(ぎ)論ろん(ろん)を繰く(く)り返かえし(かえ)しても能のう(のう)はないのだよ。
    Furui giron o kurikaeshite mo nō wa nai no da yo.
    Repeating old arguments isn't of any use / won't have any effect.

Synonyms

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Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 能のう (MC nong).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

能のう (eumhun 능할 능 (neunghal neung))

  1. hanja form? of 능 (“ability”)

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 2

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Related to Middle Chinese 耐たい (MC nojH).

Hanja

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能のう (eumhun 견딜 내 (gyeondil nae))

  1. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 耐たい (“hanja form? of 내 (“endure; withstand”)”)

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさ溪けい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅう慶けい北きた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子でんし字典じてん. [2]

Old Japanese

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 能のう (MC nong).

Phonogram

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能のう (no2)

  1. Denotes phonographic syllable no2.
    Synonym: 乃

Further reading

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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能のう: Hán Nôm readings: năng, hay, nấng, năn, nằng, nưng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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