活
|
Translingual
editStroke order | |||
---|---|---|---|
Han character
editDerived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 622, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17423
- Dae Jaweon: page 1018, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1609, character 2
- Unihan data for U+6D3B
Chinese
editsimp. and trad. |
||
---|---|---|
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
咶 | *qʰroːds, *qʰroːds, *ɡroːd |
*ɡroːds | |
刮 | *kroːd |
鴰 | *kroːd, *koːd |
趏 | *kroːd, *kʰroːd |
*ɡroːd, *ɦbljed | |
姡 | *ɡroːd, *ɡoːd |
頢 | *ɡroːd, *koːd |
*koːd | |
*koːd, *ɡoːd | |
适 | *koːd, *kʰoːd |
栝 | *koːd, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
佸 | *koːd, *ɡoːd |
髺 | *koːd |
聒 | *koːd |
銛 | *koːd, *slem, *l̥ʰeːmʔ |
葀 | *koːd |
懖 | *koːd |
*koːd, *kʰoːd | |
萿 | *koːd |
蛞 | *kʰoːd |
闊 | *kʰoːd |
秳 | *ɡoːd |
Evolved from 𣴠: Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology 1
editSchuessler (2007) proposes possible Austroasiatic etymology; compare Wa-Lawa-Bulang *gɑs "alive (of plants)" & Aslian *gɔs "to live"
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ho2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): хуә (huə, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): uot7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): huah5
- Northern Min (KCR): huă
- Eastern Min (BUC): uăk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8weq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ho6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huó
- Wade–Giles: huo2
- Yale: hwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwo
- Palladius: хо (xo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (
活 兒 /活 儿)+- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: huór
- Wade–Giles: huo2-ʼrh
- Yale: hwór
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwol
- Palladius: хор (xor)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xu̯ɔɻ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ho2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xo
- Sinological IPA (key): /xo²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: хуә (huə, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xuə²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: wut6
- Yale: wuht
- Cantonese Pinyin: wut9
- Guangdong Romanization: wud6
- Sinological IPA (key): /wuːt̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: vot5
- Sinological IPA (key): /vᵘɔt̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: uot7
- Sinological IPA (key): /uɵt̚²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fa̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: fad
- Hagfa Pinyim: fad6
- Sinological IPA: /fat̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: huah5
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /xuaʔ⁵⁴/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: huă
- Sinological IPA (key): /xua²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: uăk
- Sinological IPA (key): /uaʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- oa̍h - vernacular (“to live; lively; agile; alive; so; awful”), hoa̍t - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /xuo³⁵/ |
Harbin | /xuo²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /xuo⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /xuə⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /xuə⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /xuo⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /xuo²⁴/ | |
Xining | /xu⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /xuə⁵³/ /xuə¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /xuə⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /xuɤ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /xuo²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /xo³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /xo²¹/ | |
Kunming | /xo³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /xoʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /xuɐʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /xuaʔ⁵⁴/ |
Pingyao | /xuʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /xuaʔ⁴³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɦuəʔ¹/ |
Suzhou | /ɦuəʔ³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦuoʔ²/ | |
Wenzhou | /ɦo²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /xua²²/ /ua²²/ |
Tunxi | /uːə¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /xo²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /ho²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /uɵʔ²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /fat̚⁵/ |
Taoyuan | /fɑt̚⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /wut̚²/ |
Nanning | /wut̚²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /wut̚²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /huat̚⁵/ /uaʔ⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /uaʔ⁵/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /xua²⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /uaʔ⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ua³³/ |
- Middle Chinese: hwat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]ʷˤat/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːd/
Definitions
edit- to live; to exist
- life; existence
- to make live; to provide food for
- having life; live
- lively; vivid
- flexible; movable; moving; nimble; agile
- flexible; adaptable; fluid
- job; work
- product; produce
- simply; exactly
- alive; living; in a living state
- to save (a person's life)
- (informal) sexual intercourse
- (Mainland China Hokkien, emphasis in exclamations) so; how; what
- (Mainland China Hokkien, in rhetorical questions) awful; unable to handle (used after either
會 /会 or 𣍐/𫧃 to mean the same thing)
Synonyms
edit- (having life):
Dialectal synonyms of 活 (“having life; live”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | ||
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | |
Taiwan | ||
Singapore | ||
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | |
Wuhan | ||
Guilin | ||
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | |
Hefei | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | |
Hong Kong | ||
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | ||
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) | ||
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) | ||
Yangjiang | ||
Singapore (Guangfu) | ||
Gan | Nanchang | |
Hakka | Meixian | |
Hong Kong | ||
Senai (Huiyang) | ||
Jin | Taiyuan | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | |
Southern Min | Xiamen | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | ||
Chaozhou | ||
Bangkok (Teochew) | ||
Johor Bahru (Teochew) | ||
Singapore (Teochew) | ||
Wu | Shanghai | |
Suzhou | ||
Wenzhou | ||
Xiang | Changsha | |
Shuangfeng |
- (product):
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | ||
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | ||
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | |
Taiwan | ||
Malaysia | ||
Singapore | ||
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | |
Wuhan | ||
Guilin | ||
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | |
Hefei | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | |
Hong Kong | ||
Yangjiang | ||
Gan | Nanchang | |
Hakka | Meixian | |
Jin | Taiyuan | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 偌, 偌爾 |
Quanzhou | 偌, | |
Zhangzhou | 偌, 偌爾 | |
Taipei | 偌爾, 偌仔 | |
Kaohsiung | 偌爾, 偌仔 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 偌 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 偌 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 偌 | |
Chaozhou | ||
Singapore (Teochew) | ||
Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | |
Wu | Shanghai | |
Suzhou | ||
Wenzhou | ||
Xiang | Changsha | |
Shuangfeng |
- (aweful):
得 了 (deliǎo)
Antonyms
edit- (antonym(s) of “to live”):
死 (sǐ)
Descendants
editEtymology 2
editPronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄛ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guo
- Wade–Giles: kuo1
- Yale: gwō
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guo
- Palladius: го (go)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯ɔ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄛˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: kuò
- Wade–Giles: kʻuo4
- Yale: kwò
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuoh
- Palladius: ко (ko)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰu̯ɔ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kut3
- Yale: kut
- Cantonese Pinyin: kut8
- Guangdong Romanization: kud3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰuːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Middle Chinese: kwat
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*koːd/
Definitions
edit- † Only used in
活 活 (guōguō).
Compounds
edit七 死 八 活 (qīsǐbāhuó)上 活 (shànghuó)不 快活 不死 不 活 (bùsǐ bùhuó)不知 死活 (bùzhīsǐhuó)不 管 死活 不 顧死活 /不 顾死活 - 乞活
休 閒 活動 /休 闲活动- 你死
我 活 (nǐsǐwǒhuó) 借 茶 活 捉- 偷活
- 做活
- 做
生活 - 偷生苟活
全 活 出 活 力 氣 活 /力 气活半 死 不 活 (bànsǐbùhuó)半 死 半 活 (bànsǐ bànhuó)吃 生活 四 清六 活 圓 活 /圆活地質 活動 /地 质活动夜 活 天真 活 潑/天真 活 泼存 活 (cúnhuó)存 活 率 (cúnhuólǜ)守 活 寡 (shǒuhuóguǎ)家 活 尋 死 覓活/寻死觅活 (xúnsǐmìhuó)工業 活動 /工 业活动巴 家 做活幹 家 做活/干 家 做活幹 活 /干 活 (gànhuó)康 樂 活動 /康 乐活动強 死 強 活 /强 死 强 活 復活 /复活 (fùhuó)復活 節 /复活节 (Fùhuójié)心 活 心 活 面 軟/心 活 面 软忙 活 快活 (kuàihuo)快活 三 快活 林 性 生活 (xìngshēnghuó)成 活 (chénghuó)戶外 活動 /户外活 动- 扛活 (kánghuó)
- 扛長
活 /扛长活 - 拿手
絕 活 /拿手绝活 - 搞活 (gǎohuó)
- 攛趕
子 活 /撺赶子 活 - 攬活
兒 /揽活儿 放 死 放 活 救 活 (jiùhuó)敗 部 復活 /败部复活文 娛活動 /文 娱活动新 生活 木 活字 - 歹
生活 死中 求 活 死去 活 來 /死去 活 来 (sǐqùhuólái)死 告 活 央 死 拉 活 拽死 模 活 漾死活 (sǐhuó)死 纏 活 纏 /死 缠活缠死 聲 活氣 /死 声 活 气死 說 活 說 /死 说活说死 追 活 追 水上 活動 /水上 活 动水 活性 永 活 (yǒnghuó)沒 死活 /没 死活 泥 活字 活 人妻 活佛 (huófó)活 似 真 的 活 便 活 信 活 像 (huóxiàng)活 儲 /活 储活 兒 /活 儿 (huór)活 分 活 剝生吞/活 剥 生 吞活劇 /活 剧 (huójù)活力 (huólì)活動 /活 动 (huódòng)活動 中心 /活 动中心 活動 分子 /活 动分子 (huódòng fènzǐ)活動 卡通/活 动卡通 活動 房 屋 /活 动房屋 活動 目標 /活 动目标活動 看板 /活 动看板 活 化 (huóhuà)活 化石 (huóhuàshí)活 化 能 (huóhuànéng)活 化 部位 活 受罪 (huóshòuzuì)活 口 活 口 米 活 句 活 命 (huómìng)活 喇喇活 地獄 /活 地 狱 (huódìyù)活 埋 (huómái)活 埋 人 活 報 劇 /活 报剧 (huóbàojù)活塞 (huósāi)活 太 歲 /活 太 岁活 契 活 套活 套頭/活 套头活字 (huózì)活 存 (huócún)活字 典 (huózìdiǎn)活字 本 活字 版 活 學 活用 /活 学 活用 活 守 寡活 寡活 寶 /活 宝 (huóbǎo)活 寶貝 /活 宝 贝活 局 子 活 廠 經營 /活 厂经营活性 (huóxìng)活性 疫苗活性 碳活性 菌 活 扣兒/活 扣儿活 捉 (huózhuō)活 捉王魁 活 撮 活 支 活 支 剌活 教材 (huójiàocái)活 斷層 /活 断 层活 會 /活 会 活 期 (huóqī)活 期 存 款 (huóqī cúnkuǎn)活 期 放 款活 棋活 機 /活 机 活 欲 (oa̍h-beh) (Min Nan)活 死人 活氣 /活 气 (huóqì)活 水 (huóshuǐ)活 水源 流 活 泛活 法 (huófǎ)活 活 活 活 潑潑/活 活 泼泼活 淘 氣 /活 淘 气活 潑/活 泼 (huópō)活 火 活火山 (huóhuǒshān)活 現 /活 现 (huóxiàn)活瓣 活 生生 (huóshēngshēng)活用 (huóyòng)活 神仙 活 神 活 現 /活 神 活 现活 結 /活 结 (huójié)活 絡 /活 络活 脫 /活 脱 活 腳/活 脚 活 色生 香 活 著 /活着 活 菩薩 /活 菩萨 (huópúsà)活 落圈活 血 (huóxuè)活 血 化 瘀活 襯/活 衬活 見 鬼 /活 见鬼活 觀音 /活 观音活計 /活 计 (huójì)活 話 /活 话活 該/活 该 (huógāi)活 變 /活 变活路 活 蹦亂跳 /活 蹦乱跳 (huóbèngluàntiào)活躍 /活 跃 (huóyuè)活 達 /活 达活 錢 /活 钱 (huóqián)活 門 /活 门活 門 兒 /活 门儿活 閃婆/活 闪婆活 閻王/活 阎王活 靈 活 現 /活 灵活现 (huólínghuóxiàn)活 靶子 (huóbǎzi)活 頁 /活 页 (huóyè)活 頁 夾/活 页夹活 頁 紙 /活 页纸活 頁 裝 訂 /活 页装订活 頭 兒 /活 头儿活 饑 荒 /活 饥荒活 龍 坪 /活 龙坪 (Huólóngpíng)活 龍 活 現 /活 龙活现 (huólónghuóxiàn)濟 公 活佛 /济公活佛 燒 活 /烧活- 營活/营活
物質 生活 /物 质生活 (wùzhì shēnghuó)特賣 活動 /特 卖活动獨 門 絕 活 /独 门绝活 生 吞活剝/生 吞活剥 (shēngtūnhuóbō)生 擒 活 拿生 擒 活 捉 (shēngqín huózhuō)生活 (shēnghuó)生活 品質 /生活 品 质生活 圈 (shēnghuóquān)生活 型 態 /生活 型 态 (shēnghuó xíngtài)生活 態度 /生活 态度生活 教育 生活 方式 (shēnghuó fāngshì)生活 條件 /生活 条件 (shēnghuó tiáojiàn)生活 水準 /生活 水 准 (shēnghuó shuǐzhǔn)生活 照 (shēnghuózhào)生活 空間 /生活 空 间生活 習慣 /生活 习惯生活 費 /生活 费 (shēnghuófèi)生活 資 訊/生活 资讯生活 輔導 /生活 辅导生活 領域 /生活 领域生 龍 活 虎 /生 龙活虎 (shēnglónghuóhǔ)社會 活動 /社会 活 动神氣 活 現 /神 气活现粗 活 (cūhuó)精神 生活 (jīngshén shēnghuó)細 活 /细活 (xìhuó)絕 活 /绝活 (juéhuó)經濟 活動 /经济活 动網 上 活動 /网上活 动- 繡活/绣活
- 羌活 (qiānghuó)
- 耍活
寶 /耍活宝 耳 軟心活 /耳 软心活 肺活量 (fèihuóliàng)自 強 活動 /自 强 活 动- 舒筋
活 血 花 活 (huāhuó)- 苟活 (gǒuhuó)
苦 活 兒 /苦 活 儿草間 求 活 /草 间求活 莊 稼活兒 /庄 稼活儿藏 活 藝文 活動 /艺文活 动要 死 要 活 - 覓死
尋 活 /觅死寻活 - 討
生活 /讨生活 (tǎoshēnghuó) 課外 活動 /课外活 动賣文 為 活 /卖文为活- 趕活
兒 /赶活儿 (gǎnhuór) - 軟活/软活
輕 活 /轻活 (qīnghuó)辭 活 /辞 活 農 活 /农活 (nónghuó)過 活 /过活 (guòhuó)- 遛活
重 活 (zhònghuó)銅 活 /铜活 (tónghuó)鐵 活 /铁活雙 活 /双 活 零 活 (línghuó)靈 活 /灵活 (línghuó)風流 快活 /风流快活 養家 活 口 /养家活 口 (yǎngjiāhuókǒu)養 活 /养活 (yǎnghuo)- 鮮活/鲜活 (xiānhuó)
Japanese
editKanji
edit- alive
- lively
- (of a machine or device) on; active; in operation
Readings
edit- Go-on: がち (gachi)←ぐわち (gwati, historical)
- Kan-on: かつ (katsu, Jōyō)←くわつ (kwatu, historical)
- Kun: いきる (ikiru,
活 きる); いかす (ikasu,活 かす); いける (ikeru,活 ける); よみがえる (yomigaeru,活 える)
Compounds
editEtymology
editKanji in this term |
---|
かつ Grade: 2 |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese
Pronunciation
editNoun
editReferences
edit- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅘᅪᇙ〮 (Yale: hhwálq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 사ᄅᆞᆯ (Yale: salol) | 활 (Yale: hwal) |
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɸwa̠ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [활]
Hanja
editCompounds
editCompounds
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (
國際 退 溪 學會 大邱 慶 北 支部 ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子 字典 . [1]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
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- Chinese terms derived from Austroasiatic languages
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- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
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活 - Literary Chinese terms with quotations
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かつ
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading くわつ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading い・きる
- Japanese kanji with kun reading い・かす
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- Japanese terms spelled with
活 read as かつ - Japanese terms read with kan'on
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活 - Japanese single-kanji terms
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