(Translated by https://www.hiragana.jp/)
狼 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:
おおかみ U+72FC, 狼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72FC

[U+72FB]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+72FD]
U+F92B, 狼
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F92B

[U+F92A]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F92C]

Translingual

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Han character

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おおかみ (Kangxi radical 94, いぬ+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大竹おおたけほこおんな (KHIAV), four-corner 43232, composition りょう)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 712, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20432
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1124, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1350, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+72FC

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
おおかみ
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character おおかみ
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい形声けいせい, OC *raːŋ) : semantic + phonetic りょう (OC *raŋ).

Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character おおかみ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (こえ) (37)
Final (いん) とう (101)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø)
Openness (ひらきあい) Open
Division (ひとし) I
Fanqie とうきり
Baxter lang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/lɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/lɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/lɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/laŋ/
Li
Rong
/lɑŋ/
Wang
Li
/lɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/lɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
láng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
long4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character おおかみ
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
láng
Middle
Chinese
‹ lang ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]ˁaŋ/
English wolf

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character おおかみ
Reading # 1/1
No. 8019
Phonetic
component
りょう
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
ろう
Old
Chinese
/*raːŋ/
Notes きのえぶんさく𤜪

Definitions

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おおかみ

  1. wolf (Classifier: ひき m; せきただ m c; じょうじょう m; あたま m)
  2. (figurative) dirty guy; pervert
  3. (Cantonese) cruel; ruthless

Synonyms

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  • (wolf):

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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おおかみ

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. wolf

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
おおかみ
おおかみ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

/opo kami2//opokami//ofokami//owokami//oːkami/

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of だい (opo, great) +‎ かみ (kami, god, spirit).[1][2]

First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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おおかみ(おおかみ) or おおかみ(オオカミ) (ōkamiおほかみ (ofokami)? (counter ひき)

  1. a wolf (animal)
    • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki:
      きつねおおかみ じょう扈反, やまとげん岐都禰, またきつね諼獸おにしょじょうゆう三徳さんとく, 狐疑こぎ不定ふてい也, おおかみおとりょう, くん, いぬ也, やまとげん大神おおがみ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 7, page 56:
      犲狼 [...] せつぶんうんおおかみおとろう於保加美かみ和名わみょう本草ほんぞう和名わみょう、犲皮、和名わみょう於保加美かみ雄略ゆうりゃく豺狼さいろうどうくん貝原かいばら曰、おおかみ於保加美かみ [...]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 18, page 17:
      (Shinpukuji manuscript)
      犲狼: けん名苑めいえんうんおおかみ一名犲音於説文云狼音即和名於保加美かみいぬ而銃あたましろほおしゃ也爾みやびちゅううん獥音さけべおおかみ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • c. 1177-1188: Iroha Jiruishō
      おおかみ(オホカミ)
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1444: Kagakushū (Volume 13)
      おおかみ(ヲヽカミ)
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. Short for 日本にっぽんおおかみ (Nihon-ōkami, Japanese wolf).
    • 2006 May 20, Michiyo Akaishi, “さい(さい)おわり(しゅう)はなし() [Final Chapter]”, in AMAKUSA(アマクサ)1637 [Amakusa 1637], volume 12 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 179:
      おおかみ(おおかみ)ってぜっ(ぜつ)めつ(めつ)してないの?
      Ōkami tte zetsumetsu shite nai no?
      Aren’t wolves supposed to be extinct?
      おおかみ(おおかみ)いっぱいいますよー どうしたんです かい(かい)なが(ちょう) 今日きょう(きょう)
      Ōkami ippai imasu yō Dō shitan desu kaichō kyō wa
      Wolves are all alive and well. Why are you acting so strange today, chief?
Usage notes
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
おおかみ
おおかめ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alteration from ōkami above. Appears in the Kamakura period.[1][4]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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おおかみ(おおかめ) (ōkameおほかめ (ofokame)?

  1. (possibly obsolete) a wolf (animal)
    • 1593: Esopono fabulas (Aesop's Fables), "Vôcameto, fitcujino tatoyeno coto"
      Aru cauabatani vôcamemo, fitcujimo mizzuuo nomuni, [...]
      Aru cauabatani vôcamemo, fitcujimo mizzuuo nomuni, [...]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1603–1604, Nippo Jisho, page 697:
      Vôcame. ヲゥカメ (おおかみ) おおかみ.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 1632, Diego Collado, Dictionarium Sive Thesauri Linguae Iaponicae Compendium, page 75:
      Lupus, i: lobo: yàmàinu. vel, vocame:
      Lupus, i: lobo: yàmàinu. vel, vocame:
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 おおかみ”, in 日本にっぽん国語こくごだい辞典じてん [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ おおかみ”, in デジタル大辞泉だいじせん [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese おおかみ (MC lang). Recorded as Middle Korean 라ᇰ (lang) (Yale: lang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもうかい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

おおかみ (eumhun 이리 (iri rang), word-initial (South Korea) 이리 (iri nang))

  1. hanja form? of / (wolf)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさけい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅうけいきた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子でんし字典じてん. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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おおかみ: Hán Việt readings: lang[1][2][3]
おおかみ: Nôm readings: lang[1][2][4][5]

  1. chữ Hán form of lang (wolf).

Compounds

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References

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