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娘 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
むすめ U+5A18, 娘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5A18

[U+5A17]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5A19]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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むすめ (Kangxi radical 38, おんな+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input おんなほこおんな (VIAV), four-corner 43432, composition おんなりょう)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 262, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6304
  • Dae Jaweon: page 529, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1054, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5A18

Chinese

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trad. むすめ/じょう*
simp. むすめ
じょう: “mother”

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい形声けいせい, OC *naŋ) : semantic おんな + phonetic りょう (OC *raŋ).

Etymology 1

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Not attested in pre-Tang texts. It may ultimately have been a fusion of 女郎じょろう (MC nrjoX lang, “lady”) (Coblin, 1994).

Alternatively, from おんな (OC *naʔ, *nas, “woman”) with an attached suffix *-ŋ also found in (OC *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ, “I for my part”) as against わが (OC *ŋaːlʔ, “I”) (Sagart, 1999: 134). However, evidence for this suffix is sparse; Sagart only adduces these two pairs of words.

As yet another suggestion, it may be a loan from Proto-Turkic *ana ~ *eńe (mother); compare Turkish ana and Uyghur ئانا (ana) (Vovin and McCraw, 2011).

Pronunciation

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Note: nion3 - used in words meaning “maternal grandmother”, e.g. むすめむすめ, うばむすめ.
Note:
  • nòng - vernacular;
  • niòng - literary.
Note:
  • niû/niô͘/niâu, niâ - vernacular;
  • liông/liâng - literary.
Note:
  • nion5 - vernacular (Shantou, Chaoyang, Jieyang, Raoping);
  • niên5 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Chenghai, Bangkok);
  • niang5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location むすめ
Mandarin Beijing /niɑŋ³⁵/
Harbin /niaŋ²⁴/
Tianjin /niɑŋ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ȵiaŋ⁴²/
Qingdao /niaŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /niaŋ⁴²/
Xi'an /niaŋ²⁴/
Xining /ȵiɔ̃²⁴/
Yinchuan /niɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ȵiɑ̃⁵³/
Ürümqi /ȵiɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /niaŋ²¹³/
Chengdu /ȵiaŋ³¹/
Guiyang /niaŋ²¹/
Kunming /niã̠³¹/
Nanjing /liaŋ²⁴/ 爹~
/liaŋ³¹/ しゅうとしゅうと
Hefei /liɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /niɒ̃¹¹/
/niɒ̃⁴⁵/ うばうば
Pingyao /ȵiɑŋ¹³/
/ȵyə¹³/ ~~びょう
Hohhot /niɑ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiã²³/
Suzhou /ȵiã¹³/
Hangzhou /ȵiɑŋ²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵi³¹/
Hui Shexian /nia⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ȵiau⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ȵian¹³/
Xiangtan /ȵian¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵiɔŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋioŋ¹¹/
Taoyuan /ŋioŋ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nœŋ²¹/
Nanning /nɛŋ⁵⁵/
/nœŋ²¹/
Hong Kong /nœŋ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /liɔŋ³⁵/
/niu³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nuoŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /niɔŋ³³/
/niɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /niõ⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /niaŋ³¹/
/nio³¹/

Rime
Character むすめ
Reading # 1/1
Initial (こえ) むすめ (12)
Final (いん) (105)
Tone (調しらべ) Level (Ø)
Openness (ひらきあい) Open
Division (ひとし) III
Fanqie おんなりょうきり
Baxter nrjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɳɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɳiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/niɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɳɨaŋ/
Li
Rong
/niaŋ/
Wang
Li
/nĭaŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ni̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
niáng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
noeng4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character むすめ
Reading # 1/1
No. 8045
Phonetic
component
りょう
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
じょう
Old
Chinese
/*naŋ/
Notes おんなろうごうおと

Definitions

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むすめ

  1. woman, especially a young girl
    しゅうとむすめ  ―  niang  ―  girl
  2. (colloquial) mother; ma
  3. wife of another person
    さんはくさんはくむすめ [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]
    saam1 baak3, saam1 baak3 noeng4 [Jyutping]
    father's third elder brother; wife of a father's third elder brother
  4. elderly lady
  5. (religion) "The Lady" (an epithet of the Fujianese sea goddess Mazu (媽祖妈祖 (Māzǔ))
  6. (usually derogatory, of a man or a boy) girly; effeminate; feminine
    むすめ  ―  niángpào  ―  sissy
  7. (はは) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of むすめ (MC nrjang)
Synonyms
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  • (mum):

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (むすめ):

Others:

  • Khmer: នាង (niəng, young woman; girl)
  • Lao: ນາງ (nāng, woman; girl; lady; Mrs.)
  • Thai: นาง (naang, woman; wife; female lover)
  • Vietnamese: nàng (lady; young woman; she)

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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むすめ

  1. (Cantonese) old-fashioned
Compounds
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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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むすめ

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
むすめ
むすめ
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.[1][2][3] First cited to the Nihon Shoki of 720.[1]

Analyzed as a compound of (musu, to beget) +‎ おんな (me, female).[1][2][3]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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むすめ(むすめ) (musume (counter ひと)

  1. (humble) a daughter
    • 2007 October 20, Izawa, Hiroshi with Yamada, Kotaro, “さい(さい)おわり(しゅう)はなし():それぞれのみち(みち) (Saishūwa: Sorezore no Michi e, Final Chapter: Epilog)”, in ファイアーエムブレム:()もの(しゃ)けん(つるぎ) (Faiā Emuburemu: Hasha no Tsurugi, Fire Emblem: Sword of Champions), Jump Remix edition, volume 5 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, page 352:
      おう(おう)くに(こく)の『むすめ(むすめ)』セシリア
      Ōkoku no ‘Musume’ Seshiria
      Cecilia, ‘Daughter’ of the Kingdom
Synonyms
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See also
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
むすめ

Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling. See (ko).

Noun

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むすめ() (ko

  1. Alternative spelling of (girl)
    • 1996 February 20 [1988 February 15], Mitsuru Adachi, “テイク・オフ (Teiku Ofu, Take Off)”, in ショートプログラム ((まん)()) (Shōto Puroguramu (manga), Short Program (manga)), 25th edition, volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 107:
      ()ぶん(ぶん)()ぶん(ぶん)くだり(こう)どう(どう)じょう(じょう)けん(けん)をつけちゃうんだよ、このむすめ()—— れい(たと)えば、まい(まい)とし(とし)はつ(はつ)ゆき(ゆき)くだ()るまでモチはしょく()わないとか、れい(れい)ひつぎ(きゅう)くるま(しゃ)つう(とお)るまでみち(みち)わたり(わた)らないとか、ネコがあくびするまでコタツを()ないとか。
      Jibun de jibun no kōdō ni jōken o tsukechaun da yo, kono ko—— Tatoeba, maitoshi hatsuyuki ga furu made mochi wa kuwanai toka, reikyūsha ga tōru made michi o wataranai toka, neko ga akubisuru made kotatsu o denai toka.
      This girl, I’m telling you, she sets terms for every of her own actions— Like, not eating mochi until the first snowfall of each year, not crossing the street until the hearse passes by, or not leaving the kotatsu until her cat yawns.
Derived terms
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 むすめ”, in 日本にっぽん国語こくごだい辞典じてん [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
  2. 2.0 2.1 むすめ”, in デジタル大辞泉だいじせん [Digital Daijisen]‎[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林だいじりん [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語にほんご発音はつおんアクセント辞典じてん [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese むすめ (MC nrjang). Recorded as Middle Korean 냐ᇰ (nyang) (Yale: nyang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙くんもうかい / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

むすめ (eumhun 아가씨 (agassi nang))
むすめ (eumhun 아가씨 (agassi rang))

  1. hanja form? of / (woman)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際こくさい退すさけい學會がっかい 大邱たいきゅうけいきた支部しぶ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子でんし字典じてん. [3]

Tày

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Noun

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むすめ (nàng)

  1. Nôm form of nàng.

References

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  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[4] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese

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Han character

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むすめ: Hán Nôm readings: nương, nàng, nường

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.