粗ほぼ

See also: 麤, 麄, 麁, and 觕

粗ほぼ U+7C97, 粗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7C97 ← 粖 [U+7C96] CJK Unified Ideographs 粘ねば → [U+7C98]

Translingual

Han character

粗ほぼ (Kangxi radical 119, 米べい+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火ひ木月きづき一はじめ (FDBM), four-corner 9791₀, composition ⿰米べい且)

Derived characters

• 𪮩, 𫏝, 𬖼

Related characters

• 麤, 麄, 麁 (Variant forms)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 907, character 37
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26898
• Dae Jaweon: page 1333, character 21
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3144, character 13
• Unihan data for U+7C97

Chinese

trad.		粗ほぼ
simp. #		粗ほぼ
alternative forms		麤／粗ほぼ 麄 麁 觕／粗ほぼ

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 粗ほぼ
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
虘	*zaːl, *zaː
蔖	*zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ
摣	*rnaː, *ʔsraː
袓	*ʔsjaː, *zaʔ
怚	*ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ
罝	*ʔsjaː
謯	*ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ
姐あね	*ʔsjaːʔ
抯	*ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː
飷	*ʔsjaːʔ
且	*sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa
趄	*sʰjaːs, *sʰa
笡	*sʰjaːs
查	*ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː
柤	*ʔsraː
樝	*ʔsraː
皻	*ʔsraː
渣	*ʔsraː
楂	*zraː
苴	*zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa
駔	*ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ
租	*ʔsaː
蒩	*ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa
祖そ	*ʔsaːʔ
組くみ	*ʔsaːʔ
珇	*ʔsaːʔ
靻	*ʔsaːʔ
粗ほぼ	*sʰaː, *zaːʔ
徂	*zaː
殂	*zaː
麆	*zaːʔ, *zras
伹	*zaːʔ, *sʰa
蛆うじ	*ʔsa, *sʰa
沮	*ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra
咀	*ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ
疽	*sʰa
雎	*sʰa
狙ねらえ	*sʰa, *sʰas
岨そわ	*sʰa
砠	*sʰa
坥	*sʰa, *sʰas
刞	*sʰas
覰	*sʰas
覷	*sʰas
跙	*zaʔ
筯	*das
菹	*ʔsra
葅	*ʔsra
阻	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
俎まないた	*ʔsraʔ
詛のろい	*ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras
鉏	*zra, *zraʔ
豠	*zra
鋤すき	*zra
耡	*zra, *zras
齟	*zraʔ
助すけ	*zras

Phono-semantic compound (形聲けいせい／形声けいせい, OC *sʰaː, *zaːʔ) : semantic 米べい (“rice”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ra (“hard, difficult”); cognate with Tibetan སྲ་མོ་ (sra mo, “hard”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cū (cu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): cou¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): tu¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): cu¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhû

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ci¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): cu¹
• Northern Min (KCR): chú
• Eastern Min (BUC): chŭ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chho͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cou¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cou¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cū
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cu
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻu¹
    • Yale: tsū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsu
    • Palladius: цу (cu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cou¹
    • Yale: chōu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsou¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: tu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: cu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhû
    • Hakka Romanization System: cu^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ci¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: cu¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰu¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshoo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhof
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sʰɔ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cou¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰou³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshu
    • MiniDict: tshu^平ひらた
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰu⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: cou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰəu̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzuX

Rime
Character	粗ほぼ
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲こえ)	從したがえ (15)
Final (韻いん)	模も (23)
Tone (調しらべ)	Rising (X)
Openness (開ひらき合あい)	Open
Division (等ひとし)	I
Fanqie	徂古ふる切きり
Baxter	dzuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zuoX/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zuoX/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zoX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zɔX/
Li Rong	/d͡zoX/
Wang Li	/d͡zuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱuoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-s.r̥ˤa/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaː/, /*zaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	粗ほぼ
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cū
Middle Chinese	‹ tshu ›
Old Chinese	/*Nə-s.r̥ˁa/
English	coarse, thick (as hair)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	粗ほぼ	粗ほぼ
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10403	10408
Phonetic component	且	且
Rime group	魚さかな	魚さかな
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	麤	粗ほぼ
Old Chinese	/*sʰaː/	/*zaːʔ/

Definitions

粗ほぼ

1. coarse; rough

   Antonym: 細ほそ／细 (xì)

2. vulgar; rude; crude
3. thick; heavy; bulky (especially of cylindrical objects)

   Antonym: 細ほそ／细 (xì)

   頭髮とうはつ粗ほぼ硬かた／头发粗ほぼ硬かた  ―  tóufà cū yìng  ―  the hair is rough and stiff

   腿もも粗ほぼ的てき男おとこ生せい  ―  tuǐ cū de nánshēng  ―  man with large thighs

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “coarse, thick”): (Cantonese) 幼よう (jau3, “fine; thin”)

Compounds

• 亂らん頭あたま粗服そふく／乱らん头粗服ふく
• 出で粗あら
• 動どう粗あら／动粗 (dòngcū)
• 去さ粗ほぼ取と精せい (qùcūqǔjīng)
• 大老たいろう粗あら (dàlǎocū)
• 心こころ粗そ氣き浮／心こころ粗そ气浮
• 心こころ粗そ膽きも大だい／心こころ粗そ胆きも大だい
• 才ざい短氣たんき粗あら／才ざい短たん气粗
• 打だ粗あら
• 抱かかえ粗そ腿もも (bào cūtuǐ)
• 拿粗挾はさみ細ほそ／拿粗挟はさみ细
• 挾はさみ細ほそ拿粗／挟はさみ细拿粗あら
• 氣き粗あら／气粗
• 濁酒にごりざけ粗食そしょく／浊酒粗食そしょく (zhuójiǔ cūshí)
• 粗そ中有ちゅうう細ほそ／粗そ中有ちゅうう细
• 粗あら人じん (cūrén)
• 粗そ俗ぞく (cūsú)
• 粗そ劣れつ (cūliè)
• 粗品そしな
• 粗ほぼ壯たけし／粗ほぼ壮たけし (cūzhuàng)
• 粗大そだい (cūdà)
• 粗そ夯 (cūbèn)
• 粗そ實み／粗そ实
• 粗そ工こう
• 粗布そふ (cūbù)
• 粗そ心しん (cūxīn)
• 粗そ心しん大意たいい (cūxīndàyì)
• 粗そ心しん浮氣うわき／粗そ心しん浮气
• 粗忽そこつ
• 粗惡そあく／粗そ恶
• 粗そ手て粗そ腳／粗そ手て粗そ脚あし
• 粗放そほう農業のうぎょう／粗放そほう农业
• 粗あら料りょう
• 粗暴そぼう (cūbào)
• 粗服そふく亂らん頭あたま／粗服そふく乱らん头
• 粗そ枝えだ大葉おおば／粗そ枝えだ大だい叶かのう (cūzhīdàyè)
• 粗そ樂らく／粗そ乐
• 粗そ活かつ (cūhuó)
• 粗ほぼ淺あさ／粗ほぼ浅あさ (cūqiǎn)
• 粗ほぼ滾たぎ滾たぎ／粗そ滚滚
• 粗そ獷／粗そ犷
• 粗あら率りつ
• 粗略そりゃく (cūlüè)
• 粗あら畫が／粗あら画が
• 粗そ疏 (cūshū)
• 粗そ眉まゆ大だい眼め
• 粗ほぼ硬かた
• 粗笨そほん (cūbèn)
• 粗そ糙 (cūcāo)
• 粗そ糧かて／粗そ粮 (cūliáng)
• 粗そ糲／粗そ粝 (cūlì)
• 粗そ紗しゃ／粗そ纱
• 粗そ紡／粗そ纺
• 粗ほぼ細ほそ／粗そ细 (cūxì)
• 粗そ線條せんじょう／粗そ线条 (cūxiàntiáo)
• 粗そ聲こえ厲語／粗そ声こえ厉语
• 粗そ聲こえ粗そ氣き／粗そ声こえ粗そ气 (cūshēngcūqì)
• 粗そ肋あばら草そう (cūlècǎo)
• 粗そ胚はい
• 粗茶そちゃ淡あわ飯めし／粗茶そちゃ淡あわ饭 (cūchádànfàn)
• 粗そ莽
• 粗衣そい劣れつ食しょく
• 粗衣そい惡食あくじき／粗衣そい恶食
• 粗衣そい淡あわ飯めし／粗衣そい淡あわ饭
• 粗衣そい糲食／粗衣そい粝食
• 粗製そせい／粗あら制せい
• 粗そ製品せいひん／粗あら制せい品ひん
• 粗製そせい濫造らんぞう／粗あら制せい滥造 (cūzhìlànzào)
• 粗そ言げん
• 粗そ話はなし／粗そ话 (cūhuà)
• 粗そ豪ごう
• 粗そ賤／粗そ贱
• 粗そ躁
• 粗あら通どおり
• 粗そ鄙ひな (cūbǐ)
• 粗ほぼ重おも (cūzhòng)
• 粗野そや (cūyě)
• 粗そ陋 (cūlòu)
• 粗そ陶すえ
• 粗あら面めん岩がん
• 粗ほぼ風ふう暴雨ぼうう／粗そ风暴雨う
• 粗食そしょく (cūshí)
• 粗飯そはん／粗そ饭
• 粗そ魯／粗そ鲁 (cūlǔ)
• 粗そ鹵／粗そ卤 (cūlǔ)
• 精粗せいそ
• 糲食粗衣そい／粝食粗衣そい
• 糲食粗餐そさん／粝食粗餐そさん
• 老ろう粗あら (lǎocū)
• 腰こし粗そ氣き豪ごう／腰こし粗そ气豪
• 財ざい大氣たいき粗あら／财大气粗 (cáidàqìcū)

 

Japanese

Kanji

粗ほぼ

(Jōyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: そ (so, Jōyō)
• Kun: あらい (arai, 粗あらい, Jōyō); ほぼ (hobo, 粗ほぼ)

Compounds

Compounds

• 粗景そけい(そけい) (sokei): gift
• 粗そ糙(そそう) (sosō): coarseness, roughness

Korean

Hanja

粗ほぼ • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

粗ほぼ: Hán Nôm readings: thô, sồ, to, xồ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation