閒
|
Translingual
[edit]Traditional | |
---|---|
Simplified | 闲 |
Japanese | 閑 |
Korean | 閑 |
Han character
[edit]Derived characters
[edit]- 僩(𰂎), 嫺, 𡼥, 憪(𰑥), 撊(𪭾), 㵎, 𤡥, 橌, 𣩞,
燗 , 𦠥, 瞯(𰥨), 礀, 襉, 𮇻, 繝, 𧤽, 譋, 𧯎, 𨆀, 𨎫, 𨣇, 鐗, 𩦂, 𩻘, 𪙩 - 覵, 鷳, 蕑, 𥳑, 鬜,
癇
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1332, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41248
- Dae Jaweon: page 1838, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4289, character 6
- Unihan data for U+9592
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character | ||
---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. | 闲* | |
nonstandard simp. | 𫔮 |
Karlgren (1957) and Baxter (1992) connect this word with
Alternatively, Pulleyblank (1973) suggests that it is cognate with
Schuessler (2007) considers this unrelated to
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xian2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): han2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xie1
- Northern Min (KCR): ǎing
- Eastern Min (BUC): èng / hàng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ghe; 6yi / 2ghe
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): han2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sián
- Wade–Giles: hsien2
- Yale: syán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyan
- Palladius: сянь (sjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xian2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xian
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiɛn²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: haan4 / haan4-2
- Yale: hàahn / háan
- Cantonese Pinyin: haan4 / haan4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: han4 / han4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /haːn²¹/, /haːn²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: han3
- Sinological IPA (key): /han²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: han2
- Sinological IPA (key): /han²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hàn
- Hakka Romanization System: hanˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: han2
- Sinological IPA: /han¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: xie1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕie¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ǎing
- Sinological IPA (key): /aiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: èng / hàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛiŋ⁵³/, /haŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- èng - vernacular;
- hàng - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ûiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: uînn
- Phofsit Daibuun: vuii
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /uĩ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: âiⁿ
- Tâi-lô: âinn
- Phofsit Daibuun: vaai
- IPA (Kinmen): /ãi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
- êng/ûiⁿ/âiⁿ - vernacular;
- hân - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: oin5 / ain5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ôiⁿ / âiⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /õĩ⁵⁵/, /ãĩ⁵⁵/
- ain5 - Jieyang, Chaoyang, Pontianak;
- oin5 - other places.
- 3hhe - vernacular;
- 3hhi - literary.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: han2
- Sinological IPA (key): /xan¹³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ɕian³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ɕian²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /ɕian⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /ɕiã⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ɕian⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /xã²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ɕiã²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ɕian⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ɕian⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /xiɛn²¹³/ /xan²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /ɕian³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /ɕian²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ɕiɛ̃³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ɕien²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /ɕie¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ɕiɑŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ɕie³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɦe²³/ /ɦie²³/ /ɦi²³/ |
Suzhou | /ɦiɪ¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ɦa³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ɕie⁴⁴/ /xɛ⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /xɔ⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /xan¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ɦan¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /han²⁴/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /han¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /hɑn¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /han²¹/ |
Nanning | /hɛn²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /han²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ham³⁵/ /hiŋ³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ɛiŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /aiŋ²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /õi⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /haŋ³¹/ /ai³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: hean
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-kˤre[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡreːn/
Definitions
[edit]- not busy; idle
- 噇飽恰
- Chòng bā kák-èng. / [t͡sʰouŋ⁵³ pa³³ kʰaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ɛiŋ⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
- Have nothing else to do. / Don't you have nothing else to do? / Mind your own concerns/business.
閒 。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
噇饱恰闲。 [Eastern Min, simp.]
- vacant; unoccupied; unused
- leisurely and carefree
- trivial; unimportant
- unrelated to one's proper business; extraneous; belonging to others
- relaxed; peaceful; tranquil; calm
- leisure; spare time; free time
- (gambling) player (instead of banker)
- a surname
- (Hakka) Alternative form of
還 /还 (“very”)
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “not busy”):
忙 (máng)
Compounds
[edit]不 得 閒 /不 得 闲不 管 閒 事 /不 管 闲事不 識閒/不 识闲 (bùshíxián)不 顧閒野 /不 顾闲野 - 乞閒/乞闲 (qǐxián)
休 閒 /休 闲 (xiūxián)休 閒 活動 /休 闲活动住 閒 /住 闲- 偷閒/偷闲 (tōuxián)
優 閒 /优闲 (yōuxián)包 攬閒事 /包 揽闲事 匹 如閒/匹 如闲吃 閒 話 /吃 闲话多 管 閒 事 /多 管 闲事 (duōguǎnxiánshì)好 管 閒 事 /好 管 闲事 (hào guǎn xiánshì)安閒 /安 闲 (ānxián)小閒 /小 闲少 管 閒 事 /少 管 闲事 (shǎoguǎnxiánshì)幽 閒 /幽 闲得 閒 /得 闲 (déxián)心 閒 /心 闲忙 裡 偷閒/忙 里 偷闲 (mánglǐtōuxián)悠 閒 /悠 闲 (yōuxián)悠 閒 自在 /悠 闲自在 打 閒 /打 闲- 扯閒
白 /扯闲白 投 閒 置 散 /投 闲置散 (tóuxiánzhìsǎn)- 抽閒/抽闲 (chōuxián)
- 攬閒
事 /揽闲事 有 閒 /有 闲村 閒 /村 闲氣 定 神 閒 /气定神 闲 (qìdìngshénxián)消 閒 /消 闲 (xiāoxián)清閒 /清 闲 (qīngxián)淘 閒 氣 /淘 闲气游 手 好 閒 /游 手 好 闲 (yóushǒuhàoxián)- 渾閒/浑闲
猶 閒 /犹闲白 閒 著 /白 闲著空閒 /空 闲 (kòngxián)等 閒 /等 闲 (děngxián)等 閒 之 輩 /等 闲之辈 (děngxiánzhībèi)等 閒 人物 /等 闲人物 等 閒 視 之 /等 闲视之 管 閒 事 /管 闲事 (guǎnxiánshì)罷 閒 /罢闲說 閒 話 /说闲话說 閒 話 兒 /说闲话儿譬 如閒/譬 如闲買 閒 錢 /买闲钱賦 閒 /赋闲 (fùxián)輕 閒 /轻闲農 閒 /农闲 (nóngxián)遊 手 好 閒 /游 手 好 闲 (yóushǒuhàoxián)野草 閒 花 /野草 闲花野鶴 閒 雲 /野 鹤闲云 閒 事 /闲事 (xiánshì)閒人 /闲人 (xiánrén)閒 住 /闲住 (xiánzhù)閒 來 無事 /闲来无事閒 可 /闲可閒 地 /闲地閒 坐 /闲坐閒 官 /闲官閒 家 /闲家 (xiánjiā)閒 宴 /闲宴閒 居 /闲居 (xiánjū)閒 工夫 /闲工夫 (xiángōngfu)閒 心 /闲心閒 情 /闲情閒 情 逸 致/闲情逸 致 (xiánqíngyìzhì)閒 情 逸 趣 /闲情逸 趣 閒 愁/闲愁閒 房 /闲房閒 打 牙 兒 /闲打牙 儿閒 扯/闲扯 (xiánchě)閒 扯淡/闲扯淡 閒 敘/闲叙閒 散 /闲散 (xiánsǎn)閒 晃 /闲晃 (xiánhuàng)閒 時 /闲时 (xiánshí)閒 暇 /闲暇 (xiánxiá)閒 書 /闲书閒 月 /闲月閒 步 /闲步閒 民 /闲民閒 氣 /闲气閒 漢 /闲汉 (xiánhàn)閒 燕 /闲燕閒 理會 /闲理会 閒田 /闲田 (xiántián)閒 盤 兒 /闲盘儿閒 磕牙/闲磕牙 閒 空 /闲空 (xiánkòng)閒 篇 兒 /闲篇儿 (xiánpiānr)閒 置 /闲置 (xiánzhì)閒 聊/闲聊 (xiánliáo)閒 聒七/闲聒七 閒 職 /闲职 (xiánzhí)閒 花 野草 /闲花野草 閒 茶 浪 酒 /闲茶浪 酒 閒 蕩 /闲荡 (xiándàng)閒 言 /闲言閒 言 亂 語 /闲言乱 语閒 言 碎語/闲言碎语閒 言 長 語 /闲言长语閒 言 閒 事 /闲言闲事閒 言 閒 語 /闲言闲语閒 話 /闲话 (xiánhuà)閒 話 家 常 /闲话家 常 閒 語 /闲语閒 談 /闲谈 (xiántán)閒 逛/闲逛 (xiánguàng)閒 逸 /闲逸閒 遊 /闲游閒 適 /闲适 (xiánshì)閒 錢 /闲钱 (xiánqián)閒 雜人 等 /闲杂人 等 閒 雲 孤 鶴 /闲云孤 鹤閒 雲 野鶴 /闲云野 鹤閒 章 /闲章- 雍容
閒 雅 餘 閒 /余 闲 (yúxián)
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of (This character is a variant form of |
References
[edit]- “
閒 ”, in漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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