侵
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
|
Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 103, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 646
- Dae Jaweon: page 218, character 30
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 166, character 12
- Unihan data for U+4FB5
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
|
According to Shuowen, an ideogrammic compound (
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. # | ||
2nd round simp. | ⿰亻彐 | |
alternative forms | 㑴 𢔀 |
Two Sino-Tibetan etymologies are possible:
- Cognate with Tibetan སྟིམ་པ (stim pa, “to enter; to penetrate”), Tibetan ཐིམ་པ (thim pa, “to dissolve; to disappear; absorbed”), though the two terms agree just as well with
浸 (OC *ʔsims, *sʰim) (Schuessler, 2007), or - From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *syim (“sweep”) (STEDT); cognate with Anong śim (“to sweep”), Lhao Vo śam (“to sweep”), Burmese သိမ်း (sim:, “to gather in; to take possession of”). Note the graph
侵 shows a broom (帚) which may carry a semantic function (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cam1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîm
- Eastern Min (BUC): chĭng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cin
- Wade–Giles: chʻin1
- Yale: chīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chin
- Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cam1
- Yale: chām
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsam1
- Guangdong Romanization: cem1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîm
- Hakka Romanization System: qimˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qim1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰim²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕʰin²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕʰin²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕʰin¹³/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕiẽ²¹³/ /t͡ɕʰiẽ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡sʰiə̃²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡sʰin⁵³/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕʰiẽ²¹/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕʰiə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕʰĩn³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕʰin¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕʰĩ⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕʰin³¹/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕʰin²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕʰiəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕʰiŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕʰĩŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /t͡sʰin⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /t͡ɕʰin³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /t͡sʰaŋ³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡sʰiʌ̃³¹/ |
Tunxi | /t͡sʰin¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡sʰin³³/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡sʰin³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰin⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /t͡sʰim⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /t͡sim²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /t͡sʰɐm⁵³/ |
Nanning | /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /t͡sʰim⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /t͡sʰiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /t͡seiŋ³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /t͡sʰim⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /t͡sim²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: tshim
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ][i]m/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰim/
Definitions
[edit]- (literary) to gradually go in
- to invade; to encroach
侵 略 ― qīnlüè ― to invade
- From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Sì nián chūn, Qí hóu yǐ zhūhóu zhī shī qīn Cài. [Pinyin]
- In this year, in spring, the marquis of Qi, with the forces of many of the princes, made an incursion into Cai.
四 年 春 ,齊 侯 以諸侯 之 師 侵 蔡。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]四 年 春 ,齐侯 以诸侯之 师侵 蔡。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- approaching
侵 晨 ― qīnchén ― the approach of daybreak
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]- 互不
侵犯 侵 事 侵 佔/侵 占 (qīnzhàn)侵 侮 侵 傍 侵入 (qīnrù)侵 凌 (qīnlíng)侵 削 侵 剝百 端 /侵 剥 百 端 侵 占 (qīnzhàn)侵 占 罪 侵 吞 (qīntūn)侵 哄侵 噬侵 奪 /侵 夺侵 官 侵害 (qīnhài)侵 尋 /侵 寻 (qīnxún)侵 徹 力 /侵 彻力侵掠 (qīnlüè)侵 擾/侵 扰 (qīnrǎo)侵 早 侵 星 侵 晨 (qīnchén)侵 暴侵 曉 /侵 晓 (qīnxiǎo)侵 權 行為 /侵 权行为 (qīnquán xíngwéi)侵 淫 侵 漁 /侵 渔侵 瀆/侵 渎侵 牟侵犯 (qīnfàn)侵 用 侵略 (qīnlüè)侵略 主義 /侵略 主 义 (qīnlüè zhǔyì)侵略 者 (qīnlüèzhě)侵 肌 透 骨 侵蝕 /侵 蚀 (qīnshí)侵蝕 作用 /侵 蚀作用 侵蝕 基準 /侵 蚀基准 侵蝕 平原 /侵 蚀平原 侵蝕 循環 /侵 蚀循环侵 襲 /侵 袭 (qīnxí)侵 越 (qīnyuè)侵 陵 (qīnlíng)入 侵 (rùqīn)冷 語 侵 人 /冷 语侵人 匈奴 入 侵 大 侵 大 舉入侵 /大 举入侵 幕 侵 天 - 廝侵/厮侵
性 侵犯 (xìngqīnfàn)死 臨侵/死 临侵略 地 侵 城 百 毒 不 侵 (bǎidúbùqīn)
Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. # | ||
alternative forms | 摻/掺 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cam1
- Yale: chām
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsam1
- Guangdong Romanization: cem1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | ||
Kyūjitai [1] |
󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
󠄃 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)←しん (sin, historical)←しむ (simu, ancient)
- Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)←しん (sin, historical)←しむ (simu, ancient)
- Kun: おかす (okasu,
侵 す, Jōyō)
References
[edit]- ^ “
侵 ”, in漢字 ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
References
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with
侵 - Chinese literary terms
- Mandarin terms with collocations
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese surnames
- Cantonese Chinese
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading しん
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しん
- Japanese kanji with ancient goon reading しむ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しん
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading しん
- Japanese kanji with ancient kan'on reading しむ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おか・す
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters