濟
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Translingual
[edit]Traditional | |
---|---|
Shinjitai | |
Simplified | 济 |
Han character
[edit]Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]済 (Japanese shinjitai)- 济 (Simplified Chinese)
Further reading
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 656, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18498
- Dae Jaweon: page 1066, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1771, character 12
- Unihan data for U+6FDF
Chinese
[edit]trad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. | 济 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
儕 | *zriːl |
麡 | *zriːl, *ʔsliːl, *zliːl |
*ʔsriːl | |
穧 | *ʔsleds, *ʔsliːls, *zliːls |
擠 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
躋 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
齏 | *ʔsliːl |
齎 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔslil |
櫅 | *ʔsliːl |
齌 | *ʔsliːl, *sʰliːl, *zliːls |
隮 | *ʔsliːl, *ʔsliːls |
賷 | *ʔsliːl |
虀 | *ʔsliːl |
*ʔsliːlʔ, *ʔsliːls | |
癠 | *ʔsliːlʔ, *zliːl, *zliːlʔ, *zliːls |
霽 | *ʔsliːls |
*zliːl, *zliːls | |
*zliːl | |
蠐 | *zliːl, *zlil |
懠 | *zliːl, *zliːls |
*zliːlʔ, *zlil | |
鱭 | *zliːlʔ |
嚌 | *zliːls |
*zliːls, *ʔslel | |
齍 | *ʔslil |
Phono-semantic compound (
Etymology 1
[edit]Austroasiatic. Base form, without nominal n-infix, of
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zai3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chi
- Eastern Min (BUC): cá̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5ci
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jì
- Wade–Giles: chi4
- Yale: jì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jih
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zai3
- Yale: jai
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai3
- Guangdong Romanization: zei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chi
- Hakka Romanization System: ji
- Hagfa Pinyim: ji4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡si⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cá̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tsejH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤ[i]j(ʔ)-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsliːls/
Definitions
[edit]Compounds
[edit]不 存 不 濟 /不 存 不 济不 存 濟 /不 存 济不 濟 /不 济 (bùjì)不 濟 事 /不 济事不 經濟 /不 经济不良 事 濟 /不良 事 济不通 濟 /不通 济- 以水
濟 水 /以水济水 伯 濟 國 /伯 济国低 碳經濟 /低 碳经济 (dītàn jīngjì)俵 濟 /俵 济假 公 濟 私 /假 公 济私 (jiǎgōngjìsī)公私 兩 濟 /公私 两济共濟 一堂 /共 济一堂 兼 濟 /兼 济剛 柔 並 濟 /刚柔并济剛 柔 相 濟 /刚柔相 济 (gāngróuxiāngjì)力 濟 九 區 /力 济九 区 功 濟 宇內/功 济宇内 劫 富 濟 貧 /劫 富 济贫 (jiéfùjìpín)匡 俗 濟 時 /匡 俗 济时匡 時 濟世 /匡 时济世 (kuāngshíjìshì)匡 時 濟 俗 /匡 时济俗 匡 濟 /匡 济 (kuāngjì)匡 濟 之 才 /匡 济之才 博愛 濟 群 /博 爱济群 博 施 濟 眾/博 施 济众博 濟 醫院 /博 济医院 史 瓦 濟 蘭 同 惡相 濟 /史 瓦 济兰同 恶相济同 濟 /同 济 (tóngjì)同舟 共濟 /同舟 共 济 (tóngzhōugòngjì)同舟 而濟/同舟 而济同船 濟 水 /同船 济水周 濟 /周 济 (zhōujì)和衷 共濟 /和衷 共 济 (hézhōnggòngjì)命運 兩 濟 /命 运两济失業 救濟 /失 业救济存 濟 /存 济安 濟 坊 /安 济坊寬 猛 相 濟 /宽猛相 济幹 濟 /干 济康 濟 /康 济康 濟 錄 /康 济录得 濟 /得 济恩威 並 濟 /恩威 并济- 慈濟
大學 /慈济大学 懸 壺 濟世 /悬壶济世 (xuánhújìshì)才能 幹 濟 /才能 干 济- 扶傾
濟 弱 /扶倾济弱 - 扶危
濟 困 /扶危济困 拔刀 相 濟 /拔刀 相 济- 拔濟/拔济
- 拔濟
火宅 /拔济火宅 - 拯溺
濟 危/拯溺济危 振 貧 濟 乏 /振 贫济乏 - 捐軀
濟 難 /捐躯济难 接 濟 /接 济 (jiējì)撥 亂 濟 危/拨乱济危撥 亂 濟 時 /拨乱济时救濟 /救 济 (jiùjì)救濟 金 /救 济金 (jiùjìjīn)救濟 院 /救 济院文武 兼 濟 /文武 兼 济- 斐濟/斐济 (Fěijì)
方 濟 谷 派 /方 济谷派 - 於事
無 濟 /于事无济 時運 不 濟 /时运不 济 (shíyùnbùjì)普濟寺 /普 济寺普 濟 眾生/普 济众生 普 濟 群生 /普 济群生 本 事 不 濟 /本 事 不 济永 濟 渠 /永 济渠津 濟 /津 济濟世 /济世 (jìshì)濟世 之 才 /济世之 才 濟世 匡 時 /济世匡 时濟世 安 人 /济世安 人 濟世 安 民 /济世安 民 濟世 安 邦 /济世安 邦 濟世 愛 民 /济世爱民濟世 救 人 /济世救 人 濟世 經 邦 /济世经邦濟 事 /济事 (jìshì)濟 人 /济人濟 人 利 物 /济人利 物 濟 公 傳 /济公传濟 公 活佛 /济公活佛 濟 助 /济助濟 勝之 具 /济胜之 具 濟 困 扶危/济困扶危濟 寒 賑 貧 /济寒赈贫濟州 /济州 (Jìzhōu)濟度 /济度濟 弱 扶傾/济弱扶倾濟 弱 扶危/济弱扶危濟 弱 鋤 強 /济弱锄强濟 急 /济急濟 惡 /济恶濟 惠 /济惠濟 拔/济拔濟 時 拯世/济时拯世濟 時 行道 /济时行道 濟 河 焚舟/济河焚舟濟 渡 /济渡濟 生 /济生濟 美 /济美濟 苦 憐貧/济苦怜 贫濟 貧 /济贫 (jìpín)濟 貧 拔苦/济贫拔苦濟 顛/济颠災害 救濟 /灾害救 济無 存 濟 /无存济無 濟 於事/无济于事 (wújìyúshì)無 濟 無主 /无济无主爛 不 濟 /烂不济- 痊濟/痊济
百濟 /百 济 (Bǎijì)相 濟 /相 济 (xiāngjì)社會 救濟 /社会 救 济經世濟民 /经世济民 (jīngshìjìmín)經國 濟 民 /经国济民經濟 /经济 (jīngjì)經綸 濟世 /经纶济世緩 不 濟 急 /缓不济急 (huǎnbùjìjí)緩急 相 濟 /缓急相 济自力 救濟 /自力 救 济 (zìlì jiùjì)- 蔣濟/蒋济
行政 救濟 /行政 救 济表 裡 相 濟 /表 里 相 济賑 濟 /赈济 (zhènjì)賑 窮 濟 乏 /赈穷济乏- 賙濟/赒济 (zhōujì)
通 濟 渠 /通 济渠道 濟 /道 济道 濟 天下 /道 济天下 開 濟 /开济難 存 濟 /难存济額 濟 納 河 /额济纳河額 爾 濟 斯河/额尔济斯河 養 濟 /养济養 濟 院 /养济院 首尾 共濟 /首尾 共 济鳳 毛 濟 美 /凤毛济美
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jǐ
- Wade–Giles: chi3
- Yale: jǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jii
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zai2
- Yale: jái
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzai2
- Guangdong Romanization: zei2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɐi̯³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: tsejX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts]ˤ[i]jʔ/, /*[ts]ˤəjʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsliːlʔ/
Definitions
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]trad. | ||
---|---|---|
simp. | 济 | |
alternative forms |
Yue-Hashimoto (1976) relates it to Proto-Tai *ʰlaːjᴬ (“many; much”), whence Zhuang lai. This Tai word is probably related to
Pronunciation
[edit]- Northern Min (KCR): cāi
- Eastern Min (BUC): sâ̤
- Southern Min
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cāi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sai⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sâ̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɑ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Philippines, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē
- Tâi-lô: tsē
- Phofsit Daibuun: ze
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /t͡se³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡se²²/
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǒe
- Tâi-lô: tsuě
- IPA (Lukang): /t͡sue³³/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēre
- Tâi-lô: tserē
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zoi7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsōi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡soi¹¹/
Definitions
[edit]Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “
濟 ”, in漢語 多功 能 字 庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1],香港 中 文 大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014– - Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (
教育 部 異體 字 字典 ), A02354 - The template Template:R:nan:thcwda does not use the parameter(s):
1=305
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.“(#)”, in臺灣 閩南語 按呢寫 [2], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2013. - “Entry #12239”, in
臺灣 閩南語 常用 詞 辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023. 劉 建 仁 (2012 April 29) “濟 •多 (tse⊦/tsue⊦)──多 ”, in台灣 話 的 語源 與 理 據 (in Chinese), retrieved 2016-08-21
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit](Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]- “to help; etc.”
From Middle Chinese
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | Recorded as Middle Korean 졩〮 (Yale: cyéy?) in Dongguk Jeongun ( | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] | 거느〮릴〯 졔〯 / 건널〮 졔〯 | Recorded as Middle Korean 졔〯 (cyěy) (Yale: cyěy) in Hunmong Jahoe ( |
Early Modern Korean | ||
Text | Final ( |
Reading |
Samun Seonghwi, 1751 | 건널 졔 | Recorded as Early Modern Korean 졔 (Yale: cyey) in Juhae Cheonjamun ( |
- “many”
From Middle Chinese
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | Recorded as Middle Korean 졩〯 (Yale: cyěy?) in Dongguk Jeongun ( | |
Early Modern Korean | ||
Text | Final ( |
Reading |
Samun Seonghwi, 1751 | 셩ᄒᆞᆯ 졔 | Recorded as Early Modern Korean 졔 (Yale: cyey) in Juhae Cheonjamun ( |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕe̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [제(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 제 (“to help; to aid; to relieve”)
- (literary) hanja form? of 제 (“to cross a river”)
- (literary) hanja form? of 제 (“many”)
- 제제 (
濟濟 ) ― jeje ― (of people) many
- 제제 (
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (
國際 退 溪 學會 大邱 慶 北 支部 ) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子 字典 . [4]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]Categories:
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Chinese terms derived from Austroasiatic languages
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- Chinese hanzi
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- Hakka verbs
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- Chinese terms spelled with
濟 - Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Northern Min lemmas
- Northern Min hanzi
- Chinese adjectives
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- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Min Chinese
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese hyōgai kanji
- Japanese kyūjitai spellings
- Japanese kanji with goon reading さい
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading す・む
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Middle Korean hanja
- Early Modern Korean hanja
- Korean terms with long vowels in the first syllable
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Korean literary terms
- Korean terms with usage examples
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom