世界
Chinese
[edit]life; age; generation life; age; generation; era; world; lifetime |
boundary; scope; extent boundary; scope; extent; circles; group; kingdom (taxonomy) | ||
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simp. and trad. ( |
Etymology
[edit]Coined by Buddhist translators (c. 3rd century) to translate Sanskrit लोकधातु (lokadhātu, “world”). In its original Buddhist sense, the word encompassed a range of spatial meanings from a
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai3 gaai3
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): sai1 gai1
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai3 gaai3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ-kie / sṳ-kiai
- Eastern Min (BUC): sié-gái
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1sy5-ka; 5sy-ka / 3syu5-ka5 / 5sy-ka5
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shr4 gai4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ → ㄕˋ ˙ㄐㄧㄝ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: shìhjie̊
- Wade–Giles: shih4-chieh5
- Yale: shr̀-jye
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh.jieh
- Palladius: шицзе (šicze)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/ → /ʂʐ̩⁵¹ d͡ʑ̥i̯ɛ¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 世界 事 界 視界 /视界
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шыҗе (šɨži͡ə, III-III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂʐ̩⁴⁴ t͡ɕiə⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: sai3 gaai3
- Yale: sai gaai
- Cantonese Pinyin: sai3 gaai3
- Guangdong Romanization: sei3 gai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: sai1 gai1
- Sinological IPA (key): /sai³³ kai³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ-kie
- Hakka Romanization System: sii gie
- Hagfa Pinyim: si4 gie4
- Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵ ki̯e⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ-kiai
- Hakka Romanization System: sii giai
- Hagfa Pinyim: si4 giai4
- Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵ ki̯ai̯⁵⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sié-gái
- Sinological IPA (key): /sie²¹³⁻⁵³ (k-)ɑi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Wanhua, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Wuqi, Tainan, Taitung, Lukang, Magong, Yilan, Kinmen, Jinjiang, Philippines, Penang, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sè-kài
- Tâi-lô: sè-kài
- Phofsit Daibuun: sea'kaix
- IPA (Singapore): /se²¹⁻⁴² kai²¹/
- IPA (Penang): /se²¹⁻³³ kai²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /se²¹⁻⁴¹ kai²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kai⁴¹/
- IPA (Kinmen): /se¹²⁻⁵³ kai¹²/
- IPA (Lukang): /se³¹⁻⁵³ kai³¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /se¹¹⁻⁵³ kai¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Tainan, Yilan): /se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì-kài
- Tâi-lô: sì-kài
- Phofsit Daibuun: sie'kaix
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: si3 gai3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì kài
- Sinological IPA (key): /si²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kai²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Wanhua, Kaohsiung, Hsinchu, Taichung, Wuqi, Tainan, Taitung, Lukang, Magong, Yilan, Kinmen, Jinjiang, Philippines, Penang, Singapore)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: syejH keajH
Noun
[edit]- world
世界 地圖 /世界 地 图 ― shìjiè dìtú ― world map世界 秩序 ― shìjiè zhìxù ― world order世界 紀 錄 /世界 纪录 ― shìjiè jìlù ― world record世界 潮流 ― shìjiè cháoliú ― global trend- 內心
世界 /内心 世界 ― nèixīn shìjiè ― inner world 環 遊 世界 /环游世界 ― huányóu shìjiè ― to travel the world世界 各地 ― shìjiè gèdì ― all over the world穆 斯林世界 ― mùsīlín shìjiè ― Muslim world
- (Buddhism) realm governed by a Buddha
- From: The Lotus Sutra 《
正 法華經 》, translated by Dharmarakṣa c. 3rd century CE - Shífāng shìjiè zhū fó shìzūn, qù lái xiànzài yì fù rúshì. [Pinyin]
- All Buddhas, the World-Honored Ones, of the worlds of the Ten Directions, and those of the past, future, and present are also thus.
十方 世界 諸 佛 世尊 ,去 來 現在 亦 復 如是 。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]十方 世界 诸佛 世尊 ,去 来 现在亦 复如是 。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: The Lotus Sutra 《
- (Buddhism) space, universe
- (tarot) the World
- (Northern Wu) place, territory
一天 世界 [Shanghainese] ― 7iq-thi-sy-ka [Wugniu] ― a mess
Synonyms
[edit]- (world):
- (place):
Derived terms
[edit]世界 主義 /世界 主 义 (shìjiè zhǔyì)世界 人權 宣言 /世界 人 权宣言 (Shìjiè Rénquán Xuānyán)世界 仔 世界 公民 (shìjiè gōngmín)世界 博覽 會 /世界 博 览会 (shìjiè bólǎnhuì)世界 大戰 /世界 大 战 (shìjiè dàzhàn)世界 屋 脊 (shìjiè wūjǐ)世界 性 (shìjièxìng)世界 時 /世界 时 (Shìjièshí)世界 村 (shìjiècūn)世界 波 (shìjièbō)世界 盃 /世界 杯 (shìjièbēi)世界 級 /世界 级 (shìjièjí)世界 線 /世界 线 (shìjièxiàn)世界 衛生 組織 /世界 卫生组织 (Shìjiè Wèishēng Zǔzhī)世界 觀 /世界 观 (shìjièguān)世界 語 /世界 语 (shìjièyǔ)世界 貿易 組織 /世界 贸易组织 (Shìjiè Màoyì Zǔzhī)世界 遺產 /世界 遗产 (shìjiè yíchǎn)世界銀行 /世界 银行 (Shìjiè Yínháng)世界 音樂 /世界 音 乐 (shìjiè yīnyuè)世 錦 賽 /世 锦赛 (shìjǐnsài)- 做世
界 (zuòshìjiè) 全 世界 (quánshìjiè)大千世界 (dàqiānshìjiè)異 世界 /异世界 (yìshìjiè)第 一 世界 (Dì-yī Shìjiè)花 花 世界 (huāhuāshìjiè)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Zhuang: seiqgyaiq
Further reading
[edit]- Ding, Fubao (
丁 福 保 ) (1922),“
世界 ” in佛學 大 辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
Adverb
[edit]- (Taiwanese Hokkien) extremely; super
世界 甜 [Taiwanese Hokkien] ― sè-kài tiⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― super sweet
Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #1355”, in
教育 部 臺灣 台 語 常用 詞 辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
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せ Grade: 3 |
かい Grade: 3 |
goon | kan'on |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- world
世 界 の各 国 から- sekai no kakkoku kara
- from each country of the world
- 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “ふたりぼっち [Just the two of us]”, in ポストの
中 の明日 [Tomorrow in the Letterbox] (藤子 不二雄 少年 SF短 編集 ; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 162:目 にはみえないが、この世 界 のほかに無 数 の世 界 が重 さなりあって存 在 しているという…………。- Me ni wa mienai ga, kono sekai no hoka ni musū no sekai ga kasanariatte sonzai shite iru to iu………….
- They say there are countless worlds that coexist with this one even though we can’t really see them….
世 界 の境 界 を破 ぶってこっちへとびこんできたんだ‼- Soshite boku wa futatsu no sekai no kyōkai o yabutte kotchi e tobikonde kita n da‼
- And I somehow managed to get across the boundary between our two worlds!!
- 1997 June 30 [1980 January 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “タンポポ
空 を行 く [A Dandelion Soaring in the Sky]”, in ドラえもん [Doraemon], 58th edition, volume 18 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 188:- はじめて
見 る広 い世 界 が、楽 しみだったわ。- Hajimete miru hiroi sekai ga, tanoshimi datta wa.
- I was so eager to see the vast world for the first time.
- はじめて
- 1999 September 23, “ダーク・ラビット [Dark Rabbit]”, in Vol.5, Konami:
- アメリカンコミックの
世 界 のウサギ。とても素 早 くちょこまかと動 く。- Amerikan komikku no sekai no usagi. Totemo subayaku chokomaka to ugoku.
- A bunny from the world of American comics. He restlessly leaps up and down like crazy fast.
- アメリカンコミックの
- 2000 January 27, “トゥーン・アリゲーター [Toon Alligator]”, in Vol.7, Konami:
- アメリカンコミックの
世 界 から現 れた、ワニのモンスター。- Amerikan komikku no sekai kara arawareta, wani no monsutā.
- A crocodilian monster from the world of American comics.
- アメリカンコミックの
- a metaphorical world (how one lives one's life)
彼 はこの世 界 に住 んでいないようです。- Kare wa kono sekai ni sunde inai yō desu.
- It's like he's not living in this world.
- society, the times
- a realm, a circle, a sphere
文 学 の世 界 - bungaku no sekai
- literary circles, the literary world
- (Buddhism) the four inner realms of
須弥山 (Shumisen) - (Buddhism) realm governed by a buddha
- (Buddhism) space, universe
- (tarot) the World
Derived terms
[edit]世 界 遺 産 条 約 (Sekai Isan Jōyaku, “Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage”)世 界 遺 産 登 録 地 (sekai isan tōroku chi, “World Heritage Site”)世 界 一 周 旅 行 (sekai isshū ryokō, “round-the-world trip”)世 界 一 (sekaīchi, “best in the world, most (adjective) in the world”)世 界 観 (sekaikan, “worldview”)世 界 気 象 機 関 (Sekai Kishō Kikan): the World Meteorological Organization (WMO)世 界 恐 慌 (Sekai Kyōkō, “Great Depression”)世 界 記 録 (sekai kiroku, “world record”)世 界 銀 行 (Sekai Ginkō, “World Bank”)世 界 語 (sekaigo, “universal language, international language”)世 界 国 家 (sekai kokka)世 界 史 (sekaishi, “world history”)世 界 時 (sekaiji): Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Zulu time, Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)世 界 資 源 研 究 所 (Sekai Shigen Kenkyūsho): the World Resources Institute (WRI)世 界 自 然 保 護 基 金 (Sekai Shizen Hogo Kikin): the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)世 界 中 (sekaijū, “throughout the world, all the world, worldwide”)世 界 主 義 (sekai shugi, “cosmopolitanism, internationalism”)世 界 宗 教 (sekai shukyō, “world religion”)世 界 人 (sekaijin, “cosmopolite, person of the world”)世 界 人 権 宣 言 (Sekai Jinken Sengen, “Universal Declaration of Human Rights”)世 界 像 (sekaizō)世 界 選 手 権 大 会 (sekai senshuken taikai, “world championship”)世 界 大 戦 (sekai taisen, “world war”)世 界 知 的 所 有 権 機 関 (Sekai Chiteki Shoyūken Kikan): the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)世 界 連 (sekaizure, “in line with the rest of the world, normal”)世 界 的 (sekai-teki, “global”)世 界 博覧 会 (Sekai Hakurankai, “World Fair, World Exposition”)世 界 平和 (sekai heiwa, “world peace”)世 界 貿易 機 構 (Sekai Bōeki Kikō): the World Trade Organization (WTO)世 界 保 健 機 構 (Sekai Hoken Kikō): the World Health Organization (WHO)世 界 労 働 組 合 連 盟 (Sekai Rōdō Kumiai Renmei): the World Federation of Trade Unions (WTFU)異 世 界 (isekai, “different world”)可 能 世 界 (kanō sekai)器 世 界 (kisekai)旧 世 界 (kyū-sekai, “Old World”)銀 世 界 (gin sekai)月 世 界 (gessekai)実 世 界 (jissekai)新 世 界 (shin-sekai, “new world, the New World”)全 世 界 (zensekai)第 一 世 界 (Daīchi Sekai, “First World”)第 二 世 界 (Daini Sekai, “Second World”)第 三 世 界 (Daisan Sekai, “Third World”)反 世 界 (hansekai)別 世 界 (bessekai, “different world, separate world”)世 世 界 (yosekai)
Idioms
[edit]世 界 に余 った女 は無 い (sekai ni amatta onna wa nai): "there are no leftover women in the world" → there is someone for everyone (said particularly to women)世 界 に鬼 は無 い (sekai ni oni wa nai): "there are no devils in the world" → the world is not full of heartless people, and there are many kind souls who will lend a hand (compare "the kindness of strangers")世 界 は大 戯 場 の如し (sekai wa daigijō no gotoshi, “the world is just like a big theatre → all the world's a stage”)世 界 は張 り物 (sekai wa harimono, “the world is starched clothes → it's all about appearances, clothes make the man”)世 界 は回 り持 ち (sekai wa mawarimochi, “the world comes in turns → all things come to those who wait, to everything there is a season”)世 界 半 分 自 惚 れしっかり (sekai hanbun unubore shikkari, “of the world, only halfway, but full of conceit → being full of oneself without bothering to learn much about the world”)世 界 我 が物 (sekai wagamono, “the world is one's possession → acting as if one owns the world”)
See also
[edit]Proper noun
[edit]- a female given name
- a surname
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995)
大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006),
大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997),
新 明解 国語 辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN - ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK
日本語 発音 アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
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Noun
[edit]Okinawan
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
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Grade: 3 | Grade: 3 |
Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
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Noun
[edit]- Chinese coinages
- Chinese terms calqued from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Cantonese terms with audio links
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Mandarin words containing toneless variants
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Chinese adverbs
- Hokkien adverbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with
世 - Chinese terms spelled with
界 - Mandarin terms with usage examples
- zh:Buddhism
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- zh:Cartomancy
- Northern Wu
- Wu terms with usage examples
- Taiwanese Hokkien
- Hokkien terms with usage examples
- Hokkien terms with quotations
- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with
世 read as せ - Japanese terms spelled with
界 read as かい - Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with audio links
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:Buddhism
- ja:Cartomancy
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese surnames
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Okinawan terms spelled with
世 - Okinawan terms spelled with
界 - Okinawan terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Okinawan terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Okinawan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Okinawan lemmas
- Okinawan nouns
- Okinawan terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Okinawan terms with 2 kanji
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán